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Developer's Reference chap.10



é è—¤ã§ã™ã€‚

Debian デベロッパーズリファレンス第 10 ç« ã®ç¿»è¨³ã§ã™ã€‚
ãƒã‚§ãƒƒã‚¯ãŠé¡˜ã„ã—ã¾ã™ã€‚

|     <chapt id="bug-handling">Handling Bugs
| 
|       <sect>Monitoring bugs
| 	<p>
| If you want to be a good maintainer, you should periodically check the
| <url id="&url-bts;" name="Debian bug tracking system (BTS)"> for your
| packages.  The BTS contains all the open bugs against your packages.

    <chapt id="bug-handling">ãƒã‚°ã®æ‰±ã„

      <sect>ãƒã‚°ã‚’監視ã™ã‚‹
	<p>
優れãŸé–‹ç™ºè€…ã§ã‚ã‚‹ãŸã‚ã«ã¯ã€å®šæœŸçš„ã«
<url id="&url-bts;" name="Debian ãƒã‚°è¿½è·¡ã‚·ã‚¹ãƒ†ãƒ  (BTS)"> 
ã§ã”自分ã®ãƒ‘ッケージをãƒã‚§ãƒƒã‚¯ã™ã‚‹ã¨ã‚ˆã„ã§ã—ょã†ã€‚
BTS ã«ã¯ã€ã‚ãªãŸã®ãƒ‘ッケージã«å¯¾ã—ã¦ã‚ªãƒ¼ãƒ—ンã•ã‚ŒãŸ
å…¨ãƒã‚°å ±å‘ŠãŒç™»éŒ²ã•ã‚Œã¦ã„ã¾ã™ã€‚

| 	<p>
| Maintainers interact with the BTS via email addresses at
| <tt>bugs.debian.org</tt>.  Documentation on available commands can be
| found at <url id="http://www.debian.org/Bugs/";>, or, if you have
| installed the <package>debian-doc</package> package, you can look at
| the local files <file>/usr/doc/debian/bug-*</file>.

	<p>
開発者ã¯ã€<tt>bugs.debian.org</tt> å®›ã¦ã«
é›»å­ãƒ¡ãƒ¼ãƒ«ã‚’出ã™ã“ã¨ã«ã‚ˆã£ã¦ BTS を利用ã™ã‚‹ã“ã¨ã‚‚ã§ãã¾ã™ã€‚
ãã®éš›ã«åˆ©ç”¨ã§ãるコマンドã«é–¢ã™ã‚‹ãƒ‰ã‚­ãƒ¥ãƒ¡ãƒ³ãƒˆã¯
<url id="http://www.debian.org/Bugs/";> ã«ã‚ã‚Šã¾ã™ã€‚
ã¾ãŸ <package>debian-doc</package> パッケージãŒã‚¤ãƒ³ã‚¹ãƒˆãƒ¼ãƒ«æ¸ˆã¿ãªã‚‰ã°ã€
ローカルã«ã‚ã‚‹ <file>/usr/doc/debian/bug-*</file> 
ファイルをã”覧ã«ãªã‚‹ã“ã¨ã‚‚ã§ãã¾ã™ã€‚

| 	<p>
| Some find it useful to get periodic reports on open bugs.  You can add
| a cron job such as the following if you want to get a weekly email
| outlining all the open bugs against your packages:
| <example>
| # ask for weekly reports of bugs in my packages
| 0 17 * * fri   echo "index maint <var>maintainer-address</var>" | mail request@bugs.debian.org
| </example>
| Replace <var>maintainer-address</var> with you official Debian
| maintainer address.

	<p>
ã¾ãŸã€ã‚ªãƒ¼ãƒ—ンã•ã‚ŒãŸãƒã‚°å ±å‘Šã‚’定期的ã«å–り込むã“ã¨ã‚‚有益ã§ã™ã€‚
ã¾ãŸã€ã”自分ã®ãƒ‘ッケージã«å¯¾ã—ã¦ã‚ªãƒ¼ãƒ—ンã•ã‚ŒãŸãƒã‚°å ±å‘Šã®æ¦‚略を
毎週電å­ãƒ¡ãƒ¼ãƒ«ã§å—ã‘å–ã‚ŠãŸã„ãªã‚‰ã°ã€
cron ジョブã«ä»¥ä¸‹ã®è¡Œã‚’追加ã—ã¦ã‚‚よã„ã§ã—ょã†ã€‚
<example>
# 毎週自分ã®ãƒ‘ッケージã«å¯¾ã™ã‚‹ãƒã‚°å ±å‘Šã‚’調ã¹ã‚‹
0 17 * * fri   echo "index maint <var>maintainer-address</var>" | mail request@bugs.debian.org
</example>
<var>maintainer-address</var> ã®ç®‡æ‰€ã«ã¯ã€ã”自分ã®
Debian å…¬å¼é–‹ç™ºè€…ã¨ã—ã¦ã®é›»å­ãƒ¡ãƒ¼ãƒ«ã‚¢ãƒ‰ãƒ¬ã‚¹ã‚’当ã¦ã¯ã‚ã¦ãã ã•ã„。

|       <sect id="submit-bug">Submitting Bugs
| 	<p>
| Often as a package maintainer, you find bugs in other packages or else
| have bugs reported to your packages which need to be reassigned.  The
| <url id="&url-bts-control;" name="BTS instructions"> can tell you how
| to do this.

      <sect id="submit-bug">ãƒã‚°ã‚’報告ã™ã‚‹
	<p>
パッケージ開発者ã¨ã—ã¦ã€ä»–ã®ãƒ‘ッケージã®ãƒã‚°ã‚’発見ã—ãŸã‚Šã€
ã‚ã‚‹ã„ã¯ã”自分ã®ãƒ‘ッケージã«å¯¾ã—ã¦ãƒã‚°å ±å‘Šã‚’å—ã‘ãŸã‚Šã™ã‚‹ã“ã¨ãŒã‚ã‚‹ã§ã—ょã†ã€‚
ã“れらã®ãƒã‚°ã¯è¨˜éŒ²ã—ã¦ãŠãå¿…è¦ãŒã‚ã‚Šã¾ã™ã€‚
ã“ã¡ã‚‰ã‚’ã©ã®ã‚ˆã†ã«è¡Œãªã†ã‹ã«ã¤ã„ã¦ã®èª¬æ˜Žã¯ã€
<url id="&url-bts-control;" name="ãƒã‚°ã‚³ãƒ³ãƒˆãƒ­ãƒ¼ãƒ«ãƒ¡ãƒ¼ãƒ«ã‚µãƒ¼ãƒå…¥é–€">
ã«ã‚ã‚Šã¾ã™ã€‚

| 	<p>
| We encourage you to file bugs when there are problems.  Try to submit
| the bug from a normal user account at which you are likely to receive
| mail.  Do not submit bugs as root.

	<p>
å•é¡ŒãŒã‚ã£ãŸå ´åˆã€ãã®ãƒã‚°ã‚’記録ã™ã‚‹ã“ã¨ãŒå¥¨åŠ±ã•ã‚Œã¦ã„ã¾ã™ã€‚
é›»å­ãƒ¡ãƒ¼ãƒ«ã‚’å—ã‘å–ã‚‹ã¨ãã«ç”¨ã„ã¦ã„る通常ã®ãƒ¦ãƒ¼ã‚¶ã‚¢ã‚«ã‚¦ãƒ³ãƒˆã‹ã‚‰ã€
ãƒã‚°ã‚’報告ã—ã¦ãã ã•ã„。
root アカウントã‹ã‚‰ãƒã‚°ã‚’報告ã—ã¦ã¯ã„ã‘ã¾ã›ã‚“。

| 	<p>
| Make sure the bug is not already filed against a package.  Try to do a
| good job reporting a bug and redirecting it to the proper location.
| For extra credit, you can go through other packages, merging bugs
| which are reported more than once, or setting bug severities to
| `fixed' when they have already been fixed.  Note that when you are
| neither the bug submitter nor the package maintainer, you are should
| not actually close the bug (unless you secure permission from the
| maintainer).

	<p>
ãã®ãƒ‘ッケージã«å¯¾ã™ã‚‹ãƒã‚°ãŒã€
ã¾ã å ±å‘Šã•ã‚Œã¦ã„ãªã„ã“ã¨ã‚’確èªã—ã¦ãã ã•ã„。
ãã®ä¸Šã§ã€ãã®ãƒã‚°ã‚’é©åˆ‡ãªã¨ã“ã‚ã¸å ±å‘Šã—ã¦ãã ã•ã„。
特別ã«è¨±å¯ã‚’å¾—ã¦ã„ã‚‹å ´åˆã€ä»–ã®ãƒ‘ッケージã«å¯¾ã—ã¦ã‚‚ã€
何度も報告をå—ã‘ã¦ã„ã‚‹ãƒã‚°ã‚’マージã—ã€ãã®ä¿®æ­£ãŒå®Œäº†ã—ãŸéš›ã€
ãã®ãƒã‚°ã®é‡è¦åº¦ã‚’ `fixed' ã«è¨­å®šã™ã‚‹ã“ã¨ã‚‚ã§ãã¾ã™ã€‚
ãªãŠã€ãƒã‚°å ±å‘Šè€…ã‹ãã®ãƒ‘ッケージã®é–‹ç™ºè€…ã§ãªã‘ã‚Œã°ã€
(開発者ã‹ã‚‰æ¨©é™ã‚’付与ã•ã‚Œã¦ã„ãªã„é™ã‚Šã€)
ãã®ãƒã‚°ã‚’実際ã«ã‚¯ãƒ­ãƒ¼ã‚ºã™ã‚‹ã“ã¨ã¯ã§ãã¾ã›ã‚“。

|       <sect>Responding to Bugs
| 	<p>
| Make sure that any discussions you have about bugs are sent both to
| the original submitter of the bug, and the bug itself (e.g.,
| <email>123@bugs.debian.org</email>).

      <sect>ãƒã‚°å ±å‘Šã«è¿”ä¿¡ã™ã‚‹
	<p>
ãƒã‚°å ±å‘Šã«å¯¾ã™ã‚‹è¿”ä¿¡ã¯ã€å¿…ãšãã®ãƒã‚°ã®å…ƒã®å ±å‘Šè€…ã¨ã€
ãƒã‚°å ±å‘Šãã®ã‚‚ã® (例ãˆã° <email>123@bugs.debian.org</email>) 
ã®ä¸¡è€…ã«é€ä»˜ã•ã‚Œãªã‘ã‚Œã°ãªã‚Šã¾ã›ã‚“。

| 	<p>
| You should <em>never</em> close bugs via the bug server `close'
| command sent to &email-bts-control;.  If you do so, the original
| submitter will not receive any feedback on why the bug was closed.

	<p>
ãƒã‚°ã‚µãƒ¼ãƒçµŒç”±ã§ &email-bts-control; ã« `close' コマンドをé€ã£ã¦
ãƒã‚°ã‚’クローズã™ã‚‹ã“ã¨ã¯<em>決ã—ã¦</em>ã—ãªã„ã§ãã ã•ã„。
ãã†ã—ã¦ã—ã¾ã†ã¨ã€å…ƒã®å ±å‘Šè€…ã¯ã€ãã®ãƒã‚°ãŒã‚¯ãƒ­ãƒ¼ã‚ºã•ã‚ŒãŸç†ç”±ã«é–¢ã—ã¦
何ã®ãƒ•ã‚£ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ãƒãƒƒã‚¯ã‚‚å¾—ã‚‹ã“ã¨ãŒã§ãã¾ã›ã‚“。

|       <sect id="upload-bugfix">When bugs are closed by new uploads
| 	<p>
| If you fix a bug in your packages, it is your responsibility as the
| package maintainer to close the bug when it has been fixed.  However,
| you should not close the bug until the package which fixes the bug has
| been accepted into the Debian archive.  Therefore, once you get
| notification that your updated package has been installed into the
| archive, you can and should close the bug in the BTS.

      <sect id="upload-bugfix">æ–°è¦ã‚¢ãƒƒãƒ—ロードã«ã‚ˆã£ã¦ãƒã‚°ã‚’クローズã™ã‚‹å ´åˆã«ã¯
	<p>
ã”自分ã®ãƒ‘ッケージã®ãƒã‚°ã‚’修正ã™ã‚‹å ´åˆã€
ãã®ä¿®æ­£ãŒå®Œäº†ã—ãŸéš›ã«ãƒã‚°ã‚’クローズã™ã‚‹ã“ã¨ã¯ã€
パッケージ開発者ã¨ã—ã¦ã®ç¾©å‹™ã§ã™ã€‚
ã—ã‹ã—ãªãŒã‚‰ã€ä¿®æ­£ã•ã‚ŒãŸãƒ‘ッケージ㌠Debian アーカイブã«åŽã‚られるã¾ã§ã¯ã€
ãã®ãƒã‚°ã‚’クローズã—ã¦ã¯ã„ã‘ã¾ã›ã‚“。
ãã®ãŸã‚ã€ã‚¢ãƒƒãƒ—ロードã—ãŸãƒ‘ッケージãŒã‚¢ãƒ¼ã‚«ã‚¤ãƒ–ã«ã‚¤ãƒ³ã‚¹ãƒˆãƒ¼ãƒ«ã•ã‚ŒãŸã¨ã®
通知をå—ã‘ã¦ã‹ã‚‰ã€BTS ã«ç™»éŒ²ã•ã‚Œã¦ã„ã‚‹ãƒã‚°ã‚’クローズã—ã¦ãã ã•ã„。

| 	<p>
| If you are using a new version of <package>dpkg-dev</package> and you
| do your changelog entry properly, <prgn>dinstall</prgn> will close the
| bugs automatically.  All you have to do is follow a certain syntax
| in your <file>debian/changelog</file> file:
| 

	<p>
<package>dpkg-dev</package> ã®æ–°ã—ã„ãƒãƒ¼ã‚¸ãƒ§ãƒ³ã‚’利用ã—ã€
changelog エントリをé©åˆ‡ã«è¨­å®šã—ã¦ã„ã‚Œã°ã€
<prgn>dinstall</prgn> ã¯è‡ªå‹•çš„ã«ãã®ãƒã‚°ã‚’クローズã—ã¾ã™ã€‚
ãã®ãŸã‚ã«ã¯ã€ä»¥ä¸‹ã®ã‚ˆã†ã« <file>debian/changelog</file> 
ファイルã®è¨˜è¿°ãŒæ­£ã—ã„文法ã«ã—ãŸãŒã£ã¦ã„ãªã‘ã‚Œã°ãªã‚Šã¾ã›ã‚“。

| <example>
| acme-cannon (3.1415) unstable; urgency=low
| 
|   * Frobbed with options (closes: Bug#98339)
|   * Added safety to prevent operator dismemberment, closes: bug #98765,
|     bug #98713, #98714.
|   * Added manpage. closes: #98725.
| </example>
| 
| Technically speaking, the following Perl regular expression is what is
| used:
| <example>
|   /closes:\s*(bug)?\#\d+(,\s*(bug)?\#\d+)*/gi
| </example>

<example>
acme-cannon (3.1415) unstable; urgency=low

  * Frobbed with options (closes: Bug#98339)
  * Added safety to prevent operator dismemberment, closes: bug #98765,
    bug #98713, #98714.
  * Added manpage. closes: #98725.
</example>
技術的ãªè¦³ç‚¹ã‹ã‚‰ã„ãˆã°ã€ä»¥ä¸‹ã® Perl æ­£è¦è¡¨ç¾ãŒç”¨ã„られã¾ã™ã€‚
<example>
  /closes:\s*(bug)?\#\d+(,\s*(bug)?\#\d+)*/gi
</example>

| The author prefers the <tt>(closes: Bug#<var>XXX</var>)</tt> syntax,
| since it stands out from the rest of the changelog entries.

ã“ã®ãƒ‘ッケージã®é–‹ç™ºè€…ã¯ã€ä»–ã® changelog エントリã¨åŒºåˆ¥ã—ã‚„ã™ã„ã“ã¨ã‹ã‚‰ã€
<tt>(closes: Bug#<var>XXX</var>)</tt> ã¨ã„ã†æ–‡æ³•ã‚’好んã§ä½¿ã£ã¦ã„るよã†ã§ã™ã€‚

| 	<p>
| If you want to close bugs the old fashioned, manual way, it is usually
| sufficient to mail the <tt>.changes</tt> file to
| <email>XXX-done@bugs.debian.org</email>, where <var>XXX</var> is your
| bug number.

	<p>
ãƒã‚°ã®ã‚¯ãƒ­ãƒ¼ã‚ºã‚’手動ã¨ã„ã†å¤ã„æµå„€ã§è¡Œãªã„ãŸã„å ´åˆã¯ã€
<tt>.changes</tt> ファイルを
<email>XXX-done@bugs.debian.org</email> å®›ã¦ã«é€ã‚Œã°çµæ§‹ã§ã™ã€‚
ãã®éš›ã“ã¡ã‚‰ã® <var>XXX</var> ã®ç®‡æ‰€ã«ã¯ãƒã‚°ç•ªå·ã‚’当ã¦ã¯ã‚ã¦ãã ã•ã„。

|       <sect id="lintian-reports">Lintian reports
| 	<p>
| You should periodically get the new <package>lintian</package> from
| `unstable' and check over all your packages.  Alternatively you can
| check for your maintainer email address at the <url id="&url-lintian;"
| name="online lintian report">.  That report, which is updated
| automatically, contains <prgn>lintian</prgn> reports against the
| latest version of the distribution (usually from 'unstable') using the
| latest <package>lintian</package>.

      <sect id="lintian-reports">Lintian ã«ã‚ˆã‚‹å ±å‘Š
	<p>
パッケージ開発者ã¯ã€å®šæœŸçš„ã«æœ€æ–°ã® <package>lintian</package> ã‚’ 
`unstable' ディストリビューションã‹ã‚‰å…¥æ‰‹ã—ã€
自らã®ãƒ‘ッケージã™ã¹ã¦ã‚’ãƒã‚§ãƒƒã‚¯ã™ã¹ãã§ã™ã€‚
ã‚ã‚‹ã„ã¯ã€<url id="&url-lintian;" name="オンライン lintian 報告">上ã§ã€
自分ãŒé–‹ç™ºè€…ã¨ã—ã¦ç™»éŒ²ã—ã¦ã„ã‚‹é›»å­ãƒ¡ãƒ¼ãƒ«ã‚¢ãƒ‰ãƒ¬ã‚¹ã®ç®‡æ‰€ã‚’
ãƒã‚§ãƒƒã‚¯ã—ã¦ã‚‚よã„ã§ã—ょã†ã€‚
ã“ã¡ã‚‰ã®å ±å‘Šã¯è‡ªå‹•çš„ã«æ›´æ–°ã•ã‚Œã¾ã™ãŒã€
最新㮠<package>lintian</package> を利用ã—ã¦ã€
ディストリビューションã®æœ€æ–°ãƒãƒ¼ã‚¸ãƒ§ãƒ³ (通常㯠'unstable') ã«å¯¾ã™ã‚‹
<prgn>lintian</prgn> 報告をåŽéŒ²ã—ã¦ã„ã¾ã™ã€‚

|       <sect>Reporting lots of bugs at once
| 	<p>
| Reporting a great number of bugs for the same problem on a great
| number of different packages -- i.e., more than 10 -- is a deprecated
| practice.  Take all possible steps to avoid submitting bulk bugs at
| all.  For instance, if checking for the problem can be automated, add
| a new check to <package>lintian</package> so that an error or warning
| is emitted.

      <sect>一度ã«ãŸãã•ã‚“ã®ãƒã‚°å ±å‘Šã‚’è¡Œãªã†
	<p>
ãŸãã•ã‚“ã®ç•°ãªã‚‹ãƒ‘ッケージ上ã«ã‚ã‚‹åŒä¸€ã®å•é¡Œã«å¯¾ã—ã¦ã€
ãŸãã•ã‚“ã®ãƒã‚°å ±å‘Šã‚’ -- ã¤ã¾ã‚Š 10 以上も -- 
è¡Œãªã†ã“ã¨ã¯ã€å‹˜å¼é¡˜ã„ãŸã„作業ã§ã™ã€‚
ãŸã ã€ã¨ã‚‚ã‚れ一度ã«ãŸãã•ã‚“ã®ãƒã‚°å ±å‘Šã‚’ã—ãªãã¦æ¸ˆã‚€ã‚ˆã†ã«ã€
ã§ãã†ã‚‹ã“ã¨ã¯è¡Œãªã£ã¦ãã ã•ã„。
例ãˆã°ã€ãã®å•é¡Œã®ãƒã‚§ãƒƒã‚¯ãŒè‡ªå‹•åŒ–ã§ãã‚‹ã‚‚ã®ãªã‚‰ã°ã€
エラーや警告を発行ã™ã‚‹ã‚ˆã†ã«
<package>lintian</package> ã«æ–°ãŸãªãƒã‚§ãƒƒã‚¯ã‚’付ã‘加ãˆã¦ãã ã•ã„。

| 	<p>
| If you report more than 10 bugs on the same topic at once, it is
| recommended that you send a message to &email-debian-devel; describing
| your intention before submitting the report. This will allow other
| developers to verify that the bug is a real problem. In addition, it
| will help prevent a situation in which several maintainers start
| filing the same bug report simultaneously.

	<p>
åŒã˜å•é¡Œã«é–¢ã™ã‚‹ 10 個以上ã®ãƒã‚°ã‚’一度ã«å ±å‘Šã™ã‚‹å ´åˆã¯ã€
ãã®ãƒã‚°ã‚’報告ã™ã‚‹å‰ã«ã€ãã®æ„図ã™ã‚‹ã¨ã“ã‚ã‚’æ·»ãˆã¦
&email-debian-devel; å®›ã¦ã«ãƒ¡ãƒƒã‚»ãƒ¼ã‚¸ã‚’é€ã‚‹ã“ã¨ãŒæŽ¨å¥¨ã•ã‚Œã¦ã„ã¾ã™ã€‚
ã“ã®ã“ã¨ã«ã‚ˆã£ã¦ã€ä»–ã®é–‹ç™ºè€…ã¯ãã®ãƒã‚°ãŒæœ¬å½“ã«å•é¡Œã®ã‚ã‚‹ã‚‚ã®ãªã®ã‹ã©ã†ã‹ã‚’
確ã‹ã‚ã‚‹ã“ã¨ãŒã§ãã¾ã™ã€‚
ã•ã‚‰ã«ã€ã“ã®ã“ã¨ã¯ã€
複数ã®é–‹ç™ºè€…ãŒåŒã˜ãƒã‚°ã‚’åŒæ™‚ã«å ±å‘Šã™ã‚‹ã¨ã„ã†äº‹æ…‹ã‚‚防ãŽã¾ã™ã€‚

| 	<p>
| Note that when sending lots of bugs on the same subject, you should
| send the bug report to <email>maintonly@bugs.debian.org</email> so
| that the bug report is not forwarded to the bug distribution mailing
| list.

	<p>
ãªãŠã€ãŸãã•ã‚“ã®ãƒã‚°ã‚’åŒä¸€ã®ã‚µãƒ–ジェクトã§å ±å‘Šã™ã‚‹éš›ã«ã¯ã€
ãƒã‚°å ±å‘ŠãŒé…é€ã•ã‚Œã‚‹ãƒ¡ãƒ¼ãƒªãƒ³ã‚°ãƒªã‚¹ãƒˆã«è»¢é€ã•ã‚Œãªã„よã†ã€
ãã®ãƒã‚°å ±å‘Šã¯ <email>maintonly@bugs.debian.org</email> ã¸é€ã£ã¦ãã ã•ã„。

-- 
Yoshizumi Endo <y-endo@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>