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[d-i doc] ja/appendix/chroot-install.xml 翻訳



鍋太郎です。

インストーラマニュアルの
ja/appendix/chroot-install.xml 
を訳しました。

査読をお願いします。

-- 
+-----------------------------------------------------+
 倉澤 望(鍋太郎) 
 KURASAWA Nozomu (nabetaro)
 nabetaro@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
 GnuPG FingerPrint: 
   C4E5 7063 FD75 02EB E71D  559B ECF6 B9D2 8147 ADFB
+-----------------------------------------------------+
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="EUC-JP"?>
<!-- retain these comments for translator revision tracking -->
<!-- original version: 12756 -->

 <sect1 id="linux-upgrade">
 <title>Unix/Linux System ƥफ &debian; Υ󥹥ȡ</title>

<para>

<!--
This section explains how to install &debian; from an existing
Unix or Linux system, without using the ncurses-based, menu-driven
installer as explained in the rest of the manual. This "cross-install"
HOWTO has been requested by users switching to &debian; from
Redhat, Mandrake, and SUSE. In this section some familiarity with
entering *nix commands and navigating the file system is assumed. In
this section, <prompt>$</prompt> symbolizes a command to be entered in
the user's current system, while <prompt>#</prompt> refers to a
command entered in the Debian chroot.
-->
ϡޥ˥奢¾ʬƤ 
ncurses ١Υ˥塼ɥ֥󥤥󥹥ȡѤˡ
¸ UnixLinux ƥफ &debian; 
򥤥󥹥ȡ뤹ˡˤĤޤ
Ρ֥󥹥ȡHOWTOϡ
Redhat, Mandrake, SUSE  &debian; ˰ܹԤ桼˾ǽ񤫤ޤ
Ǥϡ*nix ޥɤϤˤĤƽΤ
ե륷ƥǤΤȤʤäƤޤ
ޤ<prompt>#</prompt> Debian chroot Ϥ줿ޥɤ򼨤
<prompt>$</prompt> ϥ桼θߤΥƥϤ륳ޥɤɽޤ


</para><para>

<!--
Once you've got the new Debian system configured to your preference,
you can migrate your existing user data (if any) to it, and keep on
rolling. This is therefore a "zero downtime" &debian;
install. It's also a clever way for dealing with hardware that
otherwise doesn't play friendly with various boot or installation
media.
-->
ö Debian ƥ򹥤ߤꤷ顢
¸Υ桼ǡ (ʤ) ƯޤްܹԤǤޤ
äơϡ0 󥿥 &debian; 󥹥ȡˤʤޤ
ޤϡ
͡ʵư󥹥ȡǥΤ褯ʤϡɥн褹롢
ޤˡǤ

</para>

  <sect2>
  <title>Ϥ</title>
<para>

<!--
With your current *nix partitioning tools, repartition the hard
drive as needed, creating at least one filesystem plus swap. You
need at least 150MB of space available for a console only install,
or at least 300MB if you plan to install X.
-->
 *nix Υѡƥʬġǡ
åפȺ 1 ĥե륷ƥ褦
ϡɥǥ˾źäƺʬ䤷Ƥ
󥽡ΤߤΥ󥹥ȡˤϡ 150MB ζΰ褬ɬפǤ
X 򥤥󥹥ȡ뤹ͽʤ 300MB ɬפǤ

</para><para>

<!--
To create file systems on your partitions. For example, to create an 
ext3 file system on partition <filename>/dev/hda6</filename> (that's  
our example root partition):
-->
ѡƥؤΥե륷ƥ
㤨С<filename>/dev/hda6</filename> ѡƥˡ
ext3 ե륷ƥˤϡʲΤ褦ˤޤ
(ǤϤΥѡƥ root ѡƥȤޤ)

<informalexample><screen>

 $ mke2fs -j /dev/hda6

</screen></informalexample>

<!--
To create an ext2 file system instead, omit <userinput>-j</userinput>.
-->
ext3 ǤϤʤ ext2 ե륷ƥˤϡ
<userinput>-j</userinput> äƤ

</para><para>

<!--
Initialize and activate swap (substitute the partition number for 
your intended Debian swap partition):
-->
åפʲΤ褦˽ͭˤƤ
(ѡƥֹϡ
Debian åץѡƥˤѡƥֹˡ
ɤؤƤ)

<informalexample><screen>

 $ mkswap /dev/hda5
 $ sync; sync; sync
 $ swapon /dev/hda5

</screen></informalexample>

</para><para>

<!--
Mount one partition as <filename>/mnt/debinst</filename> (the
installation point, to be the root (<filename>/</filename>) filesystem
on your new system). The mount point name is strictly arbitrary, it is
referenced later below.
-->
ѡƥ <filename>/mnt/debinst</filename> (󥹥ȡݥȡ
ƥ root (<filename>/</filename>) ե륷ƥˤʤޤ) 
˥ޥȤƤ
̩ˤȥޥȥݥ̾ϲǤ⹽ޤ
ʹߤǤϤѤޤ

<informalexample><screen>

 $ mkdir /mnt/debinst
 $ mount /dev/hda6 /mnt/debinst

</screen></informalexample>

</para>
  </sect2>

  <sect2>
  <title><command>debootstrap</command> Υ󥹥ȡ</title>
<para>

<!--
The tool that the Debian installer uses, which is recognized as the
official way to install a Debian base system, is
<command>debootstrap</command>. It uses <command>wget</command>, but
otherwise depends only on <classname>glibc</classname>. Install
<command>wget</command> if it isn't already on your current system,
then download and install <command>debootstrap</command>.
-->
Debian 󥹥ȡ餬Ѥġ 
(Debian ܥƥ򥤥󥹥ȡ뤹ˡǧƤ) 
 <command>debootstrap</command> Ǥ
<command>wget</command> Ѥޤ
<classname>glibc</classname> ˤΤ߰¸Ƥޤ
Υƥ˴˥󥹥ȡ뤷ƤʤС
<command>wget</command> 򥤥󥹥ȡ뤷
θ <command>debootstrap</command> 
ɡ󥹥ȡ뤷Ƥ

</para><para>

<!--
If you have an rpm-based system, you can use alien to convert the 
.deb into .rpm, or download an rpm-ized version at 
<ulink url="http://people.debian.org/~blade/install/debootstrap";></ulink>
-->
rpm ١ƥबʤ顢alien Ȥä .deb  .rpm ѴǤޤ
⤷ϡ
<ulink url="http://people.debian.org/~blade/install/debootstrap";></ulink> 
 rpm ΤΤɤǤޤ

</para><para>

<!--
Or, you can use the following procedure to install it
manually. Make a work folder for extracting the .deb into:
-->
ޤưǥ󥹥ȡ뤹褦˰ʹߤμѤ뤳ȤǤޤ
ޤ .deb Ÿ뤿˺ȥե򼡤Τ褦˺äƤ

<informalexample><screen>

 $ mkdir work
 $ cd work

</screen></informalexample>
</para><para>
<!--
The <command>debootstrap</command> binary is located in the Debian
archive (be sure to select the proper file for your
architecture). Download the <command>debootstrap</command> .deb from
the <ulink url="http://ftp.debian.org/debian/pool/main/d/debootstrap/";>
pool</ulink>, copy the package to the work folder, and extract the
binary files from it. You will need to have root privileges to install
the binaries.
-->
<command>debootstrap</command> ХʥϡDebian  
(ʤΥƥŬ礹եɬ֤) ˤޤ
<ulink url="http://ftp.debian.org/debian/pool/main/d/debootstrap/";>
pool</ulink>  <command>debootstrap</command> .deb ɤơ
ȥե˥ѥå򥳥ԡХʥեŸƤ
Хʥ򥤥󥹥ȡ뤹ݤˤ root ¤ɬפǤ礦

<informalexample><screen>

 $ ar -xf debootstrap_0.X.X_arch.deb
 $ cd /
 $ zcat &#60; /full-path-to-work/work/data.tar.gz | tar xv

</screen></informalexample>

</para>
  </sect2>

  <sect2>
  <title><command>debootstrap</command> μ¹ (ͥåȥ³)</title>
<para>

<!--
<command>debootstrap</command> can download the needed files directly
from the archive when you run it. You can substitute any Debian
archive mirror for <userinput>http.us.debian.org/debian</userinput> in
the command example below, preferably a mirror close to you
network-wise. Mirrors are listed at 
<ulink url="http://www.debian.org/misc/README.mirrors";></ulink>.
-->
<command>debootstrap</command> ¹Ԥݡ
֤ɬפȤեľܥɤ뤳ȤǤޤ
ʲΥޥɤǤϡ
<userinput>http.us.debian.org/debian</userinput> ȤƤޤ
ͥåȥŪ˶ᤤ Debian ֥ߥ顼ȤѤǤޤ
ߥ顼Ȥϡ
<ulink url="http://www.debian.org/misc/README.mirrors";></ulink> 
ǥꥹȤƤޤ

</para><para>

<!--
If you have a woody version &debian; CD mounted at
<filename>/cdrom</filename>, you could substitute a file URL instead
of the http URL: <userinput>file:/cdrom/debian/</userinput>
-->
woody  &debian; CD äƤơ
<filename>/cdrom</filename> ˥ޥȤƤС
http URL 夨 file URL (<userinput>file:/cdrom/debian/</userinput>) 
Ѥ뤳ȤǤޤ

</para><para>

<!--
Substitute one of the following for <replaceable>ARCH</replaceable> 
in the <command>debootstrap</command> command: 
-->
<command>debootstrap</command> ޥɤ <replaceable>ARCH</replaceable> ϡ
ʲΤĤѤƤ

<userinput>alpha</userinput>, 
<userinput>arm</userinput>,
<userinput>hppa</userinput>, 
<userinput>i386</userinput>, 
<userinput>ia64</userinput>, 
<userinput>m68k</userinput>,
<userinput>mips</userinput>, 
<userinput>mipsel</userinput>, 
<userinput>powerpc</userinput>, 
<userinput>s390</userinput>, 
<userinput>sparc</userinput>.

<informalexample><screen>

 $ /usr/sbin/debootstrap --arch ARCH woody \
     /mnt/debinst http://http.us.debian.org/debian

</screen></informalexample>

</para>

  </sect2>

  <sect2>
  <title><command>debootstrap</command> μ¹
  (<filename>basedebs.tar</filename> )</title>
<para>

<!--
<command>debootstrap</command> can use the
<filename>basedebs.tar</filename> file, if you have already downloaded
it ahead of time. The <filename>basedebs.tar</filename> file is
generated only every once in a while, so you'll get the latest version
of the base system by pointing <command>debootstrap</command> directly
to a Debian archive as shown in the previous section.
-->
餫 <filename>basedebs.tar</filename> եɤƤС
<command>debootstrap</command> ΥեѤ뤳ȤǤޤ
<filename>basedebs.tar</filename> եϤޤǤ顢
Ǽ Debian ֤ <command>debootstrap</command> ǥ쥯ȥ꤫顢
ܥƥκǿǤ뤳ȤǤޤ

</para><para>

<!--
The <filename>basedebs.tar</filename> file is found in the
<filename>base-images-current</filename> directory of the Debian
archive for your architecture, for example: 
<ulink url="http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/woody/main/disks-&architecture;/base-images-current/basedebs.tar";></ulink>
-->
ʤΥޥΥƥ <filename>basedebs.tar</filename> եϡ
Debian ֤ <filename>base-images-current</filename> ǥ쥯ȥˤޤ
: <ulink url="http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/woody/main/disks-&architecture;/base-images-current/basedebs.tar";></ulink>

</para><para>

<!--
Substitute one of the following for <replaceable>ARCH</replaceable> in the
<command>debootstrap</command> command: 
-->
<command>debootstrap</command> ޥɤ <replaceable>ARCH</replaceable> ϡ
ʲΤĤѤƤ

<userinput>alpha</userinput>, 
<userinput>arm</userinput>,
<userinput>hppa</userinput>, 
<userinput>i386</userinput>, 
<userinput>ia64</userinput>, 
<userinput>m68k</userinput>,
<userinput>mips</userinput>, 
<userinput>mipsel</userinput>, 
<userinput>powerpc</userinput>, 
<userinput>s390</userinput>, or
<userinput>sparc</userinput>.
<informalexample><screen>
 
$ /usr/sbin/debootstrap --arch ARCH --unpack-tarball \
    /path-to-downloaded/basedebs.tar woody /mnt/debinst

</screen></informalexample>
</para>
  </sect2>

  <sect2>
  <title>ܥƥ</title>

<para>

<!--
Now you've got a real Debian system, though rather lean, on disk.
<command>Chroot</command> into it:
-->
ǥǥ˿ Debian ƥ 
(֤椬Ǥ) ޤ
 <command>chroot</command> Ƥ

<informalexample><screen>

 $ chroot /mnt/debinst /bin/bash

</screen></informalexample>
</para>

   <sect3>
   <title>ѡƥΥޥ</title>
<para>

<!--
You need to create <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>.
-->
<filename>/etc/fstab</filename> ɬפޤ

<informalexample><screen>

 # editor /etc/fstab

</screen></informalexample>

</para><para>

<!--
Here is a sample you can modify to suit:
-->
ʲΥץʬ˹礦褦ԽǤޤ

<informalexample><screen>

# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# file system    mount point   type    options                  dump pass
/dev/XXX         /             ext2    defaults                 0    0
/dev/XXX         /boot         ext2    ro,nosuid,nodev          0    2

/dev/XXX         none          swap    sw                       0    0
proc             /proc         proc    defaults                 0    0

/dev/fd0         /mnt/floppy   auto    noauto,rw,sync,user,exec 0    0
/dev/cdrom       /mnt/cdrom    iso9660 noauto,ro,user,exec      0    0

/dev/XXX         /tmp          ext2    rw,nosuid,nodev          0    2
/dev/XXX         /var          ext2    rw,nosuid,nodev          0    2
/dev/XXX         /usr          ext2    rw,nodev                 0    2
/dev/XXX         /home         ext2    rw,nosuid,nodev          0    2

</screen></informalexample>

</para><para>

<!--
Use <userinput>mount -a</userinput> to mount all the file systems you
have specified in your <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>, or to mount
file systems individually use:
-->
<filename>/etc/fstab</filename> ǻꤷե륷ƥ
٤ƥޥȤˤ <userinput>mount -a</userinput> ȤƤ
ޤե륷ƥ̡˥ޥȤˤϡʲΤ褦ˤƤ

<informalexample><screen>

 # mount /path  # :  mount /usr

</screen></informalexample>

</para><para>

<!--
You can mount the proc file system multiple times and to arbitrary
locations, though /proc is customary. If you didn't use
<userinput>mount -a</userinput>, be sure to mount proc before
continuing:
-->
proc ե륷ƥϡɤǤⲿ٤ǤޥȤ뤳ȤǤޤ
Ū /proc ˥ޥȤޤ
<userinput>mount -a</userinput> Ѥʤäϡ
ʲΤ褦˿ʤɬ proc ޥȤƤ

<informalexample><screen>

 # mount -t proc proc /proc

</screen></informalexample>

</para>

<para>
<!--
A RedHat user reports that on his system, this should be 
-->
RedHat 桼ˤäơ
RedHat ƥǤϼΤ褦ˤȤ褤Ȥ𤬤ʤƤޤ

<informalexample><screen>

 # mount -t none proc /proc

</screen></informalexample>
</para>
   </sect3>

   <sect3>
   <title>ܡɤ</title>

<para>

<!--
To configure your keyboard:
-->
ܡɤꤹˤϼΤ褦ˤƤ
<informalexample><screen>

 # dpkg-reconfigure console-data

</screen></informalexample>

</para>
   </sect3>

   <sect3>
   <title>ͥåȥ</title>
<para>

<!--
To configure networking, edit
<filename>/etc/network/interfaces</filename>,
<filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename>, and
<filename>etc/hostname</filename>.
-->
ͥåȥ򤹤ˤϡ
<filename>/etc/network/interfaces</filename>,
<filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename>, 
<filename>etc/hostname</filename> ԽƤ

<informalexample><screen>

 # editor /etc/network/interfaces 

</screen></informalexample>

</para><para>

<!--
Here are some simple examples from
<filename>/usr/share/doc/ifupdown/examples</filename>:
-->
ϡ
<filename>/usr/share/doc/ifupdown/examples</filename> ΥץǤ

<informalexample><screen>
######################################################################
# /etc/network/interfaces -- configuration file for ifup(8), ifdown(8)
# See the interfaces(5) manpage for information on what options are 
# available.
######################################################################

# We always want the loopback interface.
#
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# To use dhcp:
#
# auto eth0
# iface eth0 inet dhcp

# An example static IP setup: (broadcast and gateway are optional)
#
# auto eth0
# iface eth0 inet static
#     address 192.168.0.42
#     network 192.168.0.0
#     netmask 255.255.255.0
#     broadcast 192.168.0.255
#     gateway 192.168.0.1
</screen></informalexample>

</para><para>

<!--
Enter your nameserver(s) and search directives in
<filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename>:
-->
<filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename> ˡ
͡ॵФ search ǥ쥯ƥ֤ϤƤ

<informalexample><screen>

 # editor /etc/resolv.conf

</screen></informalexample>

</para><para>

<!--
A simple <filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename>:
-->
ץ <filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename> ϰʲˤʤޤ
<informalexample><screen>

# search hqdom.local\000
# nameserver 10.1.1.36
# nameserver 192.168.9.100

</screen></informalexample>

</para><para>

<!--
Enter your system's host name (2 to 63 characters):
-->
ƥΥۥ̾ (2  63 ʸ) ϤƤ
<informalexample><screen>

 # echo DebianHostName &#62; /etc/hostname

</screen></informalexample>

</para><para>

<!--
If you have multiple network cards, you should arrange the names of
driver modules in the <filename>/etc/modules</filename> file into the
desired order. Then during boot, each card will be associated with the
interface name (eth0, eth1, etc.) that you expect.
-->
ʣΥͥåȥɤäƤʤ顢
<filename>/etc/modules</filename> ե˴˾ν֤ǡ
ɥ饤Х⥸塼֤̾뤷Ƥ
θ嵯ưˡƥɤϴ̤˥󥿡ե̾ (eth0, eth1ʤ) 
ȷӤĤޤ

</para>
   </sect3>

   <sect3>
   <title>ॾ󡢥桼APT </title>

<para>

<!--
Set your timezone, add a normal user, and choose your <command>apt</command>
sources by running
-->
ॾꤷ̥桼ɲä
<command>apt</command> ʲΥޥɤ¹ԤƹԤޤ

<informalexample><screen>

 # /usr/sbin/base-config

</screen></informalexample>
</para>
   </sect3>

   <sect3>
   <title>locale </title>
<para>

<!--
To configure your locale settings to use a language other than
English, install the locales support package and configure it:
-->
ѸʳθѤ褦 locale 򤹤뤿ˡ
Τ褦 locales ݡȥѥå򥤥󥹥ȡ롦ꤷޤ

<informalexample><screen>

 # apt-get install locales
 # dpkg-reconfigure locales

</screen></informalexample>

<!--
NOTE: Apt must be configured before, ie. during the base-config phase.
Before using locales with character sets other than ASCII or latin1,
please consult the appropriate localisation HOWTO.
-->
: apt Ϥ餫 (Ĥޤ base-config ) ꤷƤʤФʤޤ
ASCII  latin1 ʳʸåȤ locale Ѥˤϡ
Ŭڤ localisation HOWTO Ĵ٤Ƥ

</para>
   </sect3>
  </sect2>

  <sect2>
  <title>ͥΥ󥹥ȡ</title>

<para>

<!--
If you intend to boot this system, you probably want a Linux kernel
and a boot loader. Identify available pre-packaged kernels with
-->
ΥƥưǤ褦ˤʤ顢
餯 Linux ͥȥ֡ȥɬפǤ礦
Τ褦ˤơ餫ѥåͥǧƤ

<informalexample><screen>

 # apt-cache search kernel-image

</screen></informalexample>

</para><para>

<!--
Then install your choice using its package name.
-->
ˡѥå̾Ȥäƥ󥹥ȡ뤷Ƥ

<informalexample><screen>

 # apt-get install kernel-image-2.X.X-arch-etc

</screen></informalexample>

</para>
  </sect2>

  <sect2>
<title>֡ȥΥåȥå</title>
<para>

<!--
To make your &debian; system bootable, set up your boot loader to load
the installed kernel with your new root partition.
-->
&debian; ƥưǤ褦ˤ뤿ˡ
󥹥ȡ뤷ͥ򿷤 root ѡƥ󤫤ɤ߹褦ˡ
֡ȥ򥻥åȥåפƤ

</para><para arch="i386">

<!--
Check <userinput>man lilo.conf</userinput> for instructions on setting
up the bootloader.  If you are keeping the system you used to install
Debian, just add an entry for the Debian install to your existing
lilo.conf.  You could also copy it to the new system and edit it
there. After you are done editing, call lilo (remember it will use
lilo.conf relative to the system you call it from).
-->
֡ȥΥåȥåפˤĤƤϡ
<userinput>man lilo.conf</userinput> åƤ
Debian 򥤥󥹥ȡ뤹Τ˻Ѥƥݻ硢
¸ lilo.conf ˡDebian 󥹥ȡؤΥȥñ˲äƤ
ƿƥˤ򥳥ԡԽƤ
Խ򽪤塢lilo ƤӽФƤ
(lilo ƤӽФƥȴطȤΡ
lilo.conf ȤȤȤФƤƤ)

</para><para arch="i386">

<!--
Here is a basic /etc/lilo.conf as an example:
-->
ʲϴŪ /etc/lilo.conf Ǥ

<informalexample><screen>

boot=/dev/hda6
root=/dev/hda6
install=/boot/boot-menu.b
delay=20
lba32
image=/vmlinuz
label=Debian

</screen></informalexample>

</para><para arch="powerpc">

<!--
Check <userinput>man yaboot.conf</userinput> for instructions on
setting up the bootloader.  If you are keeping the system you used to
install Debian, just add an entry for the Debian install to your
existing yaboot.conf.  You could also copy it to the new system and
edit it there. After you are done editing, call ybin (remember it will
use yaboot.conf relative to the system you call it from).
-->
֡ȥΥåȥåפˤĤƤϡ
<userinput>man yaboot.conf</userinput> åƤ
Debian 򥤥󥹥ȡ뤹Τ˻Ѥƥݻ硢
¸ yaboot.conf ˡDebian 󥹥ȡؤΥȥñ˲äƤ
ƿƥˤ򥳥ԡԽƤ
Խ򽪤塢ybin ƤӽФƤ
(ybin ƤӽФƥȴطȤΡ
yaboot.conf ȤȤȤФƤƤ)

</para><para arch="powerpc">

<!--
Here is a basic /etc/yaboot.conf as an example:
-->
ʲϴŪ /etc/yaboot.conf Ǥ

<informalexample><screen>

boot=/dev/hda2
device=hd:
partition=6
root=/dev/hda6
magicboot=/usr/lib/yaboot/ofboot
timeout=50
image=/vmlinux
label=Debian

</screen></informalexample>

<!--
On some machines, you may need to use <userinput>ide0:</userinput> 
instead of <userinput>hd:</userinput>. 
-->
ĤΥޥǤϡ
<userinput>hd:</userinput>  
<userinput>ide0:</userinput> Ȥɬפ뤫⤷ޤ

</para><para arch="not-i386;not-powerpc">

<phrase condition="FIXME">
<!--
FIXME: Someone may eventually supply an example for this architecture.
-->
FIXME: ɤʤΥƥˡդäƤʤʡ
</phrase>

</para>
  </sect2>
 </sect1>