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Re: 旧リポジトリの Make.sgml



かねこです。

Kobayashi Noritada -san wrote:
> 小林です。
> 
> # なんかあちこち止まっていますがもう少々お待ちを……。
> 
> Debian JP サイトの debian-policy ページ[1]が古すぎるにもほどがあるので、
> かねこさんによる新しい debian-policy 訳を適用しようと作業中なのですが、

3.7.2.2 と 3.7.2.3 の diff を流していないため、そのままだと当たらないはずです。
とりあえず 3.8.0.1 の全文を流しておきます。

-- 
--
Seiji Kaneko
Title: Debian Policy Manual
%versiondata; ]> Debian ݥꥷޥ˥奢 The Debian Policy Mailing List С &version;, &date; Υޥ˥奢ǤϡDebian GNU/Linux ǥȥӥ塼Υݥꥷ ()ʤ Debian ׵ᤵ뤤Ĥɬ׾ˤĤޤ ΥݥꥷˤϡDebian ֤ιơڥ졼ƥ󥰥ƥȤƤ Debian ߷פ˴ؤ뤤Ĥλ˲äơ 줾Υѥåǥȥӥ塼˼뤿ʤФʤʤŪɬ׾ޤޤޤ Copyright © 1996,1997,1998 Ian Jackson and Christian Schwarz.

Υޥ˥奢ϥե꡼եȥǤե꡼եȥȯԤ GNU ̸ͭѵ (GPL) С 2 ꤹβǤκۤӲѤĤޤ GPL ˴ؤƤϡС 2 ʹߤΤΤǤФɤѤƤ⤫ޤޤ

ʸͭѤǤȤԤβۤƤޤ ̵ݾڤǤ ˡ뤤ŪŬȤݾڤϡƤ뤫ݤ鷺¸ߤޤ ܤ GNU ̸ͭѵ

GNU ̸ͭѵΥԡϡDebian GNU/Linux ǥȥӥ塼Ǥ /usr/share/common-licenses/GPL ȤơWorld Wide Web Ǥ GNU Public License Ȥ ǽǤޤFree Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA. ᤷƤޤ

Υޥ˥奢ˤĤ ϰ

Υޥ˥奢ǤϡDebian GNU/Linux ǥȥӥ塼Υݥꥷ ()ʤ Debian ׵ᤵ뤤Ĥɬ׾ˤĤޤ ΥݥꥷˤϡDebian ֤ιơڥ졼ƥ󥰥ƥȤƤ Debian ߷פ˴ؤ뤤Ĥλ˲äơ줾Υѥåǥȥӥ塼˼뤿ʤФʤʤŪɬ׾ޤޤޤ

Υޥ˥奢 Debian ѥå˱ä Debian ݥꥷ򵭺ܤƤޤϥѥå򵭺ܤǤϤʤѥå󥰥ƥεưˤĤŪ˵ܤΤǤ⤢ޤ Υޥ˥奢ϡΤ褦ʼȤϡȯԤ̤ƤɬפΤѥåƥȤΥ󥿡եꤹ뤳ȤͤäΤǤ

ˤϡ˼ϿƤϡΤɤ餫°Ƥ뤳ȤǤ ɸ।󥿡ե ܤ줿Ƥѥå󥰥ƥΥ󥿡եȤƻȤ٤ΤǤꡢ ºݤ¿ΥѥåǻȤƤꡢä̩ʥӥ塼ʤˤѹ٤Ǥʤ褦ʤΤǤǤ Τ褦ʾˤϥѥåƥʤϥ󥿡եѤʤȤԤǤޤ ѥåեȥκԤϤΥ󥿡եؤθߴǧǤߤޤ (ȥե changelog եΰǤ) Ф줿 ĤŪ˼褬ꡢ߸ߴΤ᤽ΤΰĤФʤФʤʤǤ СֹηʤɤǤ 餬ߤ¾ʤΤǤϤʤȤդƤ Ф줿᤬ɸ।󥿡եˤʤ뤳ȤϤФФޤ

Υޥ˥奢εñΤΤΤǤꡢDebian ݥꥷΰǤϤޤ

Υޥ˥奢Ͽʬɬ⵬Ϥ˱äƤϤޤ󡣾ܺ٤ 򻲾Ȥ

Υޥ˥奢εϤ˽äƤƤʬǤ ʤФʤʤ ٤ǤƤ褤 Ȥ졢 ɬפ侩줿ץȤ ȤƻϤΥݥꥷʸ͡ʥɥ饤ν٤򼨤˻ȤƤޤ ʤФʤʤ Ȥ줿ޤ ɬפ Ȥ줿ɥ饤˽äƤʤѥåϰŪ Debian ǥȥӥ塼˼ۤ뤳ȤϤǤʤȽǤޤ ٤Ǥ ޤ 侩줿 ɥ饤 ؤŬ̾ϥХȸʤޤǥȥӥ塼 ŬȤޤǤϤޤƤ褤 ޤ ץȤ ȤʤäƤ륬ɥ饤˥ץǤꡢɥ饤˽ɤϥƥʤȽǤǤƤޤ

ʬ绨Ĥ˸äơХʬ serious (ʤФʤʤ ɬפ ʬ˰ȿ) minornormal important (٤Ǥ ޤ 侩줿 ʬ˰ȿ)wishlist (ץȤ ) Ƥޤ

RFC 2119 ȡ âñʸǰäǻȤƤޤ

Υޥ˥奢˺ܤäƤ¿ϡDebian ֤ؤμϿʳˡۤ褦ʡ 뤤Ϥ긵ǻȤۤϤʤȤäѥåݤˤΩĤǤ礦

ʸο

Υޥ˥奢ϡDebian ѥå (packages.debian.org /debian-policy) ȤۤƤޤ

ʸκǿǤ Debian Web ߥ顼 ֤Ƥޤ ¾ΥեޥåȤⲿफƱǥ쥯ȥѰդƤޤ: policy.html.tar.gz (/doc/debian-policy/policy.html.tar.gz), policy.pdf.gz (/doc/debian-policy/policy.pdf.gz) policy.ps.gz (/doc/debian-policy/policy.ps.gz) Ǥ

debian-policy ѥåˤϤΥɥȤΥС֤ѹ򵭺ܤ upgrading-checklist.txt.gz եޤޤƤޤ

Ԥȥƥ

ʸϡǽ "Debian GNU/Linux Policy Manual" Ȥ̾ 1996 ǯ Ian Jackson ˤ񤫤ޤǽβ 1996-11-27 David A. Morris ˤΤǡChristian Schwarz 1997-03-15 ˿ʾϤä1997 ǯ 4  7 ˤơƤޤȤľޤ Christoph Lameter "Web Standard" ʬޤ Julian Gilbey 2001 ǯԤʤޤ

1998 ǯ 9 ʹߤϡʸƤʸդ ˰ܤޤ ƤϤƤĤ졢դ줿ݥꥷɲäޤ Debian ѤΥݥꥷѥåϡݥꥷΤԻ븢¤̵ͤΥƥʤˤäƴƤޤ ǤΥƥʤϼ̤Ǥ: Julian Gilbey Branden Robinson Josip Rodin Manoj Srivastava

ʸɮԤϡ¾Τʤʤ褦Ǥ¤ϤϤޤǤְ㤤ޤ ⤷ʸƤ˸򸫤Ĥꡢ餫ΰոơɾ䤿ȤˤϡDebian ݥꥷ᡼󥰥ꥹ debian-policy@lists.debian.org ޤŻҥ᡼ĺdebian-policy ѥåФƥХФĺȹǤ

ݥꥷѹ˴ؤƤϡľԤݥꥷޥ˥奢ΥƥʤϢʤǤ

ܸϡDebian-doc-jp ᡼󥰥ꥹ (Ȭġܡͤ ˧) ˤޤ ܸ˴ؤ뤴ոۤ debian-doc ᡼󥰥ꥹ debian-doc@debian.or.jp ޤǤ겼

Ϣɥ

Υݥꥷޥ˥奢ʳˤ⡢Debian ݥꥷȼ³򤹤뤿ˤɬפʡϢʸ񤬤Ĥޤ

Τ褦ʡ֥֥ݥꥷʸפʲ󤷤Ƥޤ

ݥꥷΰôʸȤ̤ˡDebian Developer's Reference ޤʸ Debian γȯԤμȥ꥽ˤĤƵܤ줿ΤǤϤȤʤΤǤ ޤ षݥꥷ˴ޤޤʤơ㤨йޤȯԤκ㡢ʤɤ򵭺ܤΤǤ

Developer's Reference developers-reference ѥå˼ϿƤޤޤDebian web ߥ顼 ˤޤ

Debian

Debian GNU/Linux ƥ ѥå νΤȤ ۤƤޤDebian ˤ˿¿ (ͥ 15000 İʾ) ѥåޤޤޤΤǡ갷ά뤿ѥå ץ饤ƥ ˤäʬवƤޤ

Debian ץȤϥե꡼ʥڥ졼ƥ󥰥ƥιܻۤؤϤŤͤƤޤ䤿ѲǽˤȻפƤΥѥå䤿˱ä ե꡼ (ܤϲܤ ) ʤΤȤʤäƤ櫓ǤϤʤޤ¤ʤ͢ǤΤȤʤäƤޤ ǡDebian ֤ϡΥեȥΥ饤󥹤䤽¾¾˴ŤơĤۥꥢޤϥƥȤʬ䤵Ƥޤ

Ū ǽʸ¤¿ΥեȥѲǽˤ ٤Ƥοͤˡե꡼եȥ񤯤Ȥ夷 ƿ͡䤿Υƥ CD-ROM 򡢤ʤ饤󥹡 ͢¡¾ˡˤȿ뤳ȤʤñǤ褦ˤ

Debian GNU/Linux ǥȥӥ塼 Ȥ main ƥΤȤǤ

İʳۥꥢ (contrib non-free) ˼ϿƤѥå Debian ǥȥӥ塼ΰȤϸʤޤ ʤ顢䤿ϤΥѥåѤǤ褦ݡȤޤ ޤФ륤ե饹ȥ饯 (Хץƥ᡼󥰥ꥹȤʤ) 󶡤ޤ Debian ݥꥷޥ˥奢εҤϤΥѥåˤŬѤޤ

Debian ե꡼եȥɥ饤

Debian ե꡼եȥɥ饤 (DFSG) ϻ䤿 ֥ե꡼եȥפǤȹͤ륽եȥǤ ͳʺ Debian ġʬ (ѥåʤ) Υ饤󥹤ǤϡʬǤ򡢤ĤΰۤʤмĥץʣޤླྀѤ줿եȥʪΰȤʤ̵ۤ뤳Ȥ ʤĿͤޤΤФƤ¤ƤϤʤޤ Τ褦Фƥ饤󥹤ϥƥ䡢¾׵ᤷƤϤޤ ץϥɤޤǤʤФʤ餺ѥѤ߷ۤǤʤɤۤĤʤФʤޤ ʪε 饤󥹤ϥեȥѹӤʪκĤʤФʤޤ ޤ餬ꥸʥΥեȥΥ饤󥹤Ʊ۾θۤ뤳ȤĤʤФʤޤ ԤΥɤؤѹ¤۾ ץӥɤݤˡɤѹ뤿 ֥ѥåեפ򡢤Υ饤󥹤ɤȶۤ뤳ȤĤƤ ¤饤󥹤ѹ줿ɤۤ¤뤳ȤǤޤ ξ硢饤󥹤ѹ줿ɤӥɤ줿եȥۤŪ˵ĤƤʤФʤޤ 饤󥹤ʪФơꥸʥΥեȥȤϰۤʤä̾ʤСֹ򴧤뤳Ȥ׵᤹뤳Ȥǧޤ (ŶǤDebian ץȤǤϤ٤ƤκԤ˥Хʥ鷺ʤեؤѹ¤ʤȤ侩Ƥޤ) ĿͤʤΤФͤζػ 饤󥹤ϡʤĿͤʤĿͤʤΤФƤ⺹̤򤷤ƤϤʤޤ ʬФͤζػ 饤󥹤ïФƤ⡢ץ򤢤ʬǻѤ뤳Ȥ¤ƤϤʤޤ 㤨С饤󥹤ǥץѤǻѤ뤳ȡޤϰҸ˻ȤȤʤɤ¤ƤϤʤޤ 饤󥹤ۻζѰ ץ°ϡΥץबۤ뤹٤ƤοͤӤȤˡοͤӤȤˤ饤󥹤ɲþԤɬפȤŬѤʤФʤޤ 饤󥹤 Debian ˤƤΤŬѤΤǤäƤϤʤʤ ץ°ϡΥץब Debian ƥΰǤȤȤ˰¸ΤǤäƤϤʤޤ ⤷Υץब Debian Ф졢Debian ƥʤǻѤʤۤȤƤ⡢ΥץΥ饤󥹤ϰǰ¤ꡢΥץबۤ줿ƤοͤӤȤϡDebian ƥȤδϢ˴ŤǧƤΤƱͭʤФʤޤ 饤󥹤¾Υեȥ˱ƶڤܤƤϤʤʤ 饤󥹤ϤΥ饤󥹤ŬѤ줿եȥȰۤ¾Υեȥ¤ߤƤϤʤޤ 㤨С饤󥹤Ʊǥۤ¾ΥץƤե꡼եȥǤ뤳ȤĥƤϤʤޤ 饤󥹤 GPLסBSDסArtisticץ饤󥹤ʤɤ 䤿 ե꡼ Ǥȸʤ饤󥹤Ǥ

ƥ main ƥ

main ˼Ͽѥå DFSG (Debian ե꡼եȥɥ饤) ˽򤷤ƤʤФʤޤ

äơmain ˼Ͽѥå ѥ뤪Ӽ¹Ԥ main ϰϳΥѥåɬפȤƤϤʤޤ (¨ѥå main ʳ˼Ͽ줿ѥåˡְ¸פֿ侩פ ֥ӥɻ¸״طƤϤʤޤ) ޤ˥Х餱ǻ䤿ݡȤ뤳Ȥݤ褦ʤΤǤäƤϤޤ Υޥ˥奢ǼƤƤΥݥꥷ׵Ŭ礷ƤʤФޤ

contrib ƥ

contrib ˼ϿƤΥѥå DFSG ˽򤷤ƤʤФʤޤ

¾ contrib ʤɤۥꥢǤ롢Ȥܤ硣

˲äơcontrib non-US/contrib Υѥå ޤ˥Х餱ǻ䤿ݡȤ뤳Ȥݤ褦ʤΤǤäƤϤޤ Υޥ˥奢ǼƤƤΥݥꥷ׵Ŭ礷ƤʤФޤ

contrib ˴ޤ뤳ȤǤ褦ʥѥåȤƤ contrib ޤ non-free °ѥå ޤϤ⤽䤿Υ֤¸ߤʤѥå򡢥ѥޤϼ¹ԻɬפȤե꡼ʥѥå ե꡼ʥץѤΥåѡѥå뤤ե꡼ʥץΥե꡼°ʪʤɡ

non-free ƥ

DFSG ˽򤷤Ƥʤѥåޤõ䤽¾ˡŪΤۤΤѥå non-free ˼ϿʤФޤ

˲äơnon-free Υѥå ޤ˥Х餱ǻ䤿ݡȤ뤳Ȥݤ褦ʤΤǤäƤϤޤ Υޥ˥奢ǼƤƤΥݥꥷ׵ˡǽʸ¤Ŭ礷ƤʤФޤ

㤨ХѰդǤʤʤɤΥѥåȤΤǤʤ׵᤬뤳ȤϵƤޤ ξϸġ˽֤ɬפޤ

˴ؤθ

ƤΥѥåϡۥ饤󥹤̵Υԡ /usr/share/doc/package/copyright եȤƱۤʤФʤޤ (ܺ٤ 򻲾Ȥ)

䤿ϡΤ褦ʾ˥ե䤿Υ֤ؼϿ뤳Ȥ¤븢αݤޤ λѤʤۤ餫ˡ񿨤롣 ۤѤƻŪʸ㤬롣 䤿饤󥹤˽̾ɬפ롣 ۤץȤ¾ˤ̷⤹롣

桼ФƺԤؤδդ夷Ƥץ main ۤ뤳ȤϡκԤդ򤷤ʤȤƻŪǤȤŪǤȤˡǤȤहĥ򤷤Ƥʤ¤ʤꤢޤ ǤʤФΥץ non-free ʬषʤФޤ

ǧɽ (뤤õˤä) ХʥΤߤκۤǧƤ餺ޤ̤ʵĤƤʤץΥѥåϡ Debian FTP Ȥˤ⤽Υߥ顼ˤ֤ƤϤޤ

ˡ (ϥꥫ罰ǤŬѤޤ) βǤϡ Ƥʤ¤ꡢʤۤѹ ǧƤʤ ȤդƤ ɽƤʤץˤ ¸ߤ ΤǤꡢΤ褦ʥץ˲餫η äȤȤϡʤƤ⤪ʤȤȤǤ! ƱͤˡƤ뤬ĤƤ뤫Ҥ٤ƤʤץȤϡʤˤĤƤʤȤȤ¾ʤޤ

¿κԤϡ¤ΤĤ (뤤ɽηǡ) ԤΰտޤȤƤϥե꡼ʤϤäեȥΥ桼ˤ⤿餹ˤĤƵĤƤޤ ǡΤ褦ʺԤϢȤäŤ˸ĤΥ饤󥹾ѹƤ餦褦Τ¿ξäƤߤͤ뤳ȤǤ 񤷤ȤΰĤǤꡢޤ ʲܤΤ褦 debian-legal ǽ٤Ǥ礦

⤷ˤĤƵС debian-legal@lists.debian.org ˥᡼Фޤ礦 䤿ɽ󶡤Ǥ褦ƤƤ GPL ݸ줿եȥѥ֥åɥᥤ󥽥եȥ BSD ꤢޤ ־Ѥ϶ػߡפ뤤ϡۤ¤פȤä󤷤դƤ

갷ά뤿ᡢmaincontrib non-free γƥƥ˴ޤޤƤΥѥåϡ ʬवޤ

줾ΥѥåΥƥȥϥѥå Section ȥե (control record) ǻꤹ٤Ǥ ( )â Debian ǥȥӥ塼ȤƤΰݾڤ뤿ᡢDebian ֤δԤ񤭤뤳Ȥޤ Section եɤϰʲηȤޤ section ϥѥå main ƥ°Ǥ section/section ϥѥå contrib ޤ non-free ۥꥢ°Ǥ

Debian ֥ƥʤθꥹȤ󶡤ޤ Ǥϡϲ̤Ǥ admin, comm, devel, doc, editorselectronicsembedded gamesgnomegraphics hamradiointerpreterskde libslibdevelmail mathmiscnetnews oldlibs, otherosfsperlpython scienceshells soundtextext utilswebx11

ץ饤ƥ

줽ΥѥåˤϽ ץ饤ƥ (priority) ͤꤵƤ٤Ǥͤϥѥå ȥե ˴ޤޤƤޤ ( )ξ Debian Υѥåġ뤬ץ饤ƥι⤤ѥå㤤ѥå̤ݤѤޤ

Debian ѥåƥबǧ priority 򲼵˼ޤ required ƥबŬڤ˵ǽ뤿ɬפʥѥåǤ (̾dpkg εǽΥѥå˰¸Ƥޤ) ΥѥåƤϤʤޤ ƤޤȥƥϴưǽȤʤ dpkg 줹뤳ȤԲǽˤʤäƤޤޤ required ʥѥåΤߤΥƥϤ餯ŪǤϤʤǤ礦ƥԤƥư ¿Υեȥ򥤥󥹥ȡ뤹­εǽƤޤ important ɤ Unix 饤ʥƥ˱Ƥ⸫Ĥ뤳ȤԤ褦ʽפʥץϡΥץ饤ƥ°ޤ Υץब礱Ƥ뤳Ȥ˵ŤUnix и˭٤ʥ桼foo ϰΤɤ?פȰ֤ĤȻפ褦ʾˤϡ important ˴ޤޤ٤

䤿ϲˤޤƤޤե꡼ Unix ϤȤƤ櫓Ǥ顢ϽפʴǤ

Ǥ̵Ǥϥƥबɹưʤäꡢ 뤤ϻȤʪˤʤʤȤäΥѥå⤳˴ޤ٤Ǥ Υƥˤ EmacsX ɥƥࡢTeX Ȥä絬Ϥʥץꥱ ޤޤޤ important ʥѥåˤϰ̤¸ߤԤ롢ޤɬפȤ褦ʡĤκǾνȹͤġΤߤޤޤƤޤ standard ΥѥåϤۤɤ褯Ϥʤ⡢ޤ¤ΤĤʤ饯١Υƥ󶡤ޤ 桼¾򤷤ʤä硢ΥѥåǥեȤǥ󥹥ȡ뤵ޤ¿絬Ϥʥץꥱϴޤޤޤ optional (ΰ̣ɬפǤʤΤϤߤʥץ ʤΤǤǤϰạ̈Ƥ򼨤ޤ) ϡΥѥåΤʤȤ⡢ޤü׵᤬̵ˤ⡢ Ȥꤢ󥹥ȡ뤷ƤͤȻפƤΥѥåǤ X ɥƥ䴰 TeX ǥȥӥ塼¿Υץꥱޤߡä絬Ϥʥƥޤ optional ʥѥåϸߤ conflict ʤ褦ˤ٤Ǥ extra ץ饤ƥȤ requiredimportantstandardoptional Τ줫ꤵƤ¾ΥѥåȾͤѥåƤ˴ޤޤޤ ޤ줬ʤΤǤΤäƤ䡢ʤ׵बˤΤͭѤǤȹͤѥå⤳Υץ饤ƥ˼Ͽޤ

ѥåϤ㤤ץ饤ƥɾͿ줿ѥå˰¸ƤϤʤޤ (ӥɻΰ¸Ͻޤ) ݾڤ뤿ᡢĤޤʣΥѥåΥץ饤ƥĴʤФʤʤ礬ޤ

Хʥѥå

Debian GNU/Linux ǥȥӥ塼 dpkg ȸƤФ Debian ѥåƥ˴ä֤Ƥޤ ΤᡢDebian ǥȥӥ塼˴ޤޤƤΥѥå .debե󶡤ʤФʤޤ

ѥå̾

ƤΥѥå Debian ˤƽʣʤ̾äƤʤФʤޤ

ѥå̾ե Package ˴ޤޤޤ ޤΥեޥåȤ ǵܤƤޤ ѥå̾ .deb եΥե̾ΰȤƤޤޤƤޤ

ѥåΥС

ƥѥåե Version ˥СֹޤޤΥեޥåȤ ǵܤƤޤ

ˤäƥѥååץ졼ɤΤ 뤤ϥ󥰥졼ɤΤΤ뤳ȤǤޤ ˥ѥåեȥɥץब Ƥη̡ѥåƥ˥󥹥ȡ뤵ƤΤ⿷ΤɤȽǤ뤳ȤǤ褦ˤʤޤ Сֹη (Ӥ˴ؤ¤) פʤΤˤȤʤäƤޤ

⤷ήΥѥåΤСֹˤʤäƤʤС Version եɤǤϤޤȤʷѴ٤Ǥ

դ˴ŤСֹ

ŪˡDebian ѥåϾήƱСֹȤ٤Ǥ

ήΥСֹ椬դ˴Ť褦ʾ (㤨Сȯ "snapshot" ꡼ξ) ˤϡѥåƥϤΤ褦ʥСֹ epoch Ȥ鷺˰ȤϤǤޤ 㤨Сdpkg "96May01" "96Dec24" 礭ȽǤǤ礦

Τ褦ʾˡοήСФ epoch ȤʤƺѤ褦ˤ뤿ˤϡդ򸵤ˤСֹ "19960501""19961224" Ȥä񼰤ѹ٤Ǥ ήΥƥʤˡήΥСֹѹ褦ˤꤤ뤫ɤϥƥʤκϰϤǤ

դ˴ŤΤۤΥСֹν񼰤ѥåƥˤäϤʤ顢ΥСֹѹ ٤ǤϤʤ ȤդƲ

Debian ͭΥѥå (ĤޤꡢDebian ̤˽񤫤줿ѥå) ΥСֹդޤʤС `YYYYMMDD' Ȥ񼰤Ȥ٤Ǥ

ѥåΥƥ

ƤΥѥåˤϰͤޤϰ쥰롼פ Debian ƥ (̾θĿͤǤäƤ⡢᡼󥰥ꥹȤʤɤζ̤ΰĤΥ᡼륢ɥ쥹Ϣμ륰롼פǤäƤ⤫ޤޤ) ʤФʤޤ οʪϡΥѥåŬڤʥǥȥӥ塼˼ϿƤ뤳ȤФǤޤ

Debian ѥåΥƥʤϳƥѥå Maintainer եɤˡ̾ͭŻҥ᡼륢ɥ쥹ξˤꤵƤʤФʤޤ ⤷οͤĤΥѥåƤ硢ġΥѥå Maintainer եɤ˰ۤʤä̾Żҥ᡼륢ɥ쥹뤳Ȥ򤱤٤Ǥ

Maintainer եɤν񼰤ϡ ǵܤƤޤ

⤷ѥåΥƥʤ Debian ץȤ򼭤᤿ʤ顢 ï¾οͤλŻ˻ִꤹޤ Debian QA 롼 packages@qa.debian.org ѥåδѤޤ

ǫ˹Ԥξܺ٤ Debian Developer's Reference (ȯԤμ) ˽񤫤Ƥޤ 򻲾Ȥ

Τ褦ʥѥå orphaned ѥå ȸƤФޤ

ѥå

Ƥ Debian ѥåˤϡȥեŬڤʥեɤ˾ܺ٤ʸƤʤФʤޤ Description եɤν񼰤εŪܺ٤ ˵ܤƤޤ

ʸϡΥѥåΤȤΤʤ桼 (ƥ) Υѥå (ץ) 򥤥󥹥ȡ뤹뤫ɤȽǤˤäƽʬʾ褦˽񤫤Ƥ٤Ǥ ʸϥץʸ򤽤ΤޤޥԡΤΤȤ٤ǤϤޤ

פȡĹΤɤˤĤƤפʾǽ˽񤤤Ƥ פκǽʬɽʤ礬뤿Ǥ ܤΤ򸫤ʤѰդƤ뤳ȤꤷƤ⤫ޤʤǤ礦

ʸˤϥѥå֤νפʰ¸ط (dependency) 䶥ط (conflict) ξ⼨Ƥ٤Ǥ Ǥʤȡ桼ˤϤʤط¸طԶ礬ƤΤʬޤ

ޤΥѥåꤷȤäꤹ뤿βޤ٤ǤϤޤ (ϥ󥹥ȡ륹ץȡޥ˥奢ڡInfo եʤɤǰ٤Ǥ) ɽ䤽¾˴طΤȤޤޤ٤ǤϤޤ ˤ copyright ե뤬ѰդƤޤ

󡦳

Ԥˤϴʷˤ٤ǤȾѴ 80 ʸʲȤƤ

ѥå̾ (Synopsis) ιԤʤǤ ʤƤ⡢ɽեȥϥѥå̾ưŪɽ褦ˤʤäƤޤ ¿ξ硢桼ܤˤդΤϤԤʤΤǡʤ٤ʬ䤹ˤ褦ˤƤ

ܺ٤βʬ

嵭ΰ󤫤餽Τޤް³ʸ³ʤǤ ʸΤɽƤˤޤޤ󤷡 ޤɽƤΤߤǤ̣ʤޤ

ܺ٤βʬϤΥѥåΤ (㤨СΥѥå Debian ƥΤΡɤʬ°ƤΤ) ˤĤƵޤ

ʸïǤ⡢㤨ФΥѥåäƤʬΤȤ򲿤ΤʤͤǤǤ褦

ΥץˤȤդƤ륢ʥ󥹤 README 򤽤Τޤޤʸ˻Ѳǽ ȤϤۤȤɤޤ̾盧ʸϤ Υեȥɤξ̤ǻȤƤΤǤΤäƤ 桼ߥ˥ƥ˽񤫤Ƥޤ

񤫤ʤФޤ

¸ط

ƤΥѥåˤϡ줬ư뤿ˤޤɬפȤʤ¾ΥѥåˤĤƤΰ¸󤬻ꤵƤʤФʤޤ

㤨Сѥå˴ޤޤƤ롢ưŪ˥󥯤줿¹ԷХʥ꤬ɬפȤ붦ͭ饤֥ϡ¸طΥȥƤʤФʤޤ

âEssential ( ) ȻꤵƤѥåФơʳΥѥå¸طɬפϤޤ ޤΤ褦ʥѥåΥС˰¸ƤΤǤʤС¸ط٤ǤϤޤ

Essential ϡѥåŸƤϤ뤬̤ʾ֤Ǥ⡢ƥ󶡤ѤǤʤФʤʤǾεǽνȤƤޤ ϡåץ졼ɤκݤβǤʤ¸طΥ롼פ򤱤뤿ɬפˤʤޤ ѥåɬפʰ¸ط򤳤ʬ°ѥåФꤷ硢Essential Ȥƻꤵ줿ѥåꤷʤФʤʤȤ ǽΰ¸طΥ롼פǽ äȹ⤯ʤ Ǥ礦 ޤեȥɤåץ졼ɼ礬¸ߤˤ⡢ μ ϤˤǤʤ ǽ䤷ޤ

ޤEssential 󶡤뵡ǽȸȤ̾ﵯޤ ( Essential ѥå˲äΤ˿ŤդɬפˤʤͳΰĤǤ⤢ޤ) εǽۤʤäѥå˰ܤ줿Ȥˤäơ ѥå Essential 뤳ȤϤޤ ΤᡢΥѥå˰¸뤳Ȥ Essential ѥå줿ĤȤäƤ⡢Ω˳Ф⤿餹Ȥˤʤޤ

ѥå򥤥󥹥ȡ뤹ˤ⤦ĤΥѥå󥹥ȡ뤵 ꤵƤ뤳ȤɬפȤ뤳Ȥޤ ξ硢Υѥåˤ Pre-Depends ȥꤷʤФʤޤ

debian-devel ᡼󥰥ꥹȤǵƱդˡѥå Pre-Depends ȥꤹ٤ǤϤޤ

ѥåߴطꤹեɤν񼰤 ˵ܤƤޤ

ۥѥå

¿쾯ʤƱ褦ʻŻ򤳤ʤѥåĤ¸ߤȤȤޤ ξ硢ѥåĶ̤εǽ̾ ۥѥå ΤǤ (ۥѥåŪ¸ߤǡʪŪˤ¸ߤޤ 줬餬 ȸƤФͳǤ) εǽĤäѥåϳۥѥå ޤ ƤСεǽɬפȤ¾Υѥåñˤβۥѥå˰¸褦ˤС ǽΤƤΥѥå򤤤󤷤ʤƤɤ櫓Ǥ

ƤΥѥåϤΤŬʤȤˤϲۥѥå̾Ȥ٤ǡ⤷ɬפʤпۥѥå̾褦ˤʤФʤޤ âƱդ졢ۥѥå̾ΰ˷Ǻܤޤǡۥѥå̾Ȥ٤ǤϤޤ (ˡߤ˴Ϣ췲Υѥåδ֤ǻȤϽ) ι˴ؤƤϡ 򻲾Ȳ

ʲۥѥå̾ΰκǿǤ debian-policy ѥåƱƤޤޤDebian ֥ߥ顼Ф ˤޤ

ΥꥹȤ򹹿뤿μ³ˤĤƤϤΰեΤϤ˵ҤƤޤ

Base ƥ

base ƥϡƥ˱¾Ƥäƥ󥹥ȡ뤵롢 Debian GNU/Linux ƥκǾΥ֥åȤޤ äơɬפȤʤǥ̤˾ݤĤᡢΥѥåΤߤ base ƥΰȤʤ뤳ȤǧƤޤ

base ƥϥץ饤ƥɾ required important ΥѥåΤǹƤޤ ޤȾˤ essential ( ) ղäƤǤ礦

Essential ѥå

ĤΥѥåˤ Essential եեɤ Essential ꤬ղäƤޤEssential եեɤν񼰤 ǵܤƤޤ

ΥѥåϴñˤϺǤޤ (ˤ dpkg ̤ (force) ץ ꤷʤФʤޤ) ΤᡢΥե饰ϤɤƤɬפʾˤΤ߻Ȥ褦ˤʤФʤޤ ͭ饤֥Υѥå Essential 򤷤ƤϤޤ ¸طˤä˻ߤǤޤΤؤݤˤϾ񤭤Ǥ褦ˤʤäƤɬפ뤫Ǥ

dpkg Essential ѥå̤ʾ֤Ǥ¾ΥѥåΥåץ졼ɤߤ뤳ȤϤޤΤǡ Essential ѥåϤ٤ơ̤֤ǤܵǽϤ٤󶡤Ƥɬפޤ ѥåξʤˤϤΥѥå Essential ԤäƤϤޤ󤷡Υѥå˰¸¾ΥѥåŪŬڤʰ¸طեɤͿʤФޤ

debian-devel ᡼󥰥ꥹȤǵƱդʤ¤ꡢѥå Essential ղäƤϤʤޤ

ƥʥץ

ѥåΥ󥹥ȡ륹ץȤǤϡ桼ˤȤäƸɬפʤϤ뤳Ȥ򤱤٤Ǥ ޤ̤Υѥå򥤥󥹥ȡ뤹ݤ˥桼Τ򤱤Τ⡢dpkg ǤƤ٤Ǥ Ǥ⡢install-info ȤȤ --quiet ץȤޤ礦

󥹥ȡ륹ץȤμ¹˵ä顼ϥåʤФʤޤ󤷡顼θ奤󥹥ȡμ¹Ԥ³ƤϤʤޤ

ޤ ƤϥѥåΥƥʥץȤˤۤŬѤޤ

ѥåΥƥʤȶĤˡΥѥå°ե֤٤ dpkg-divert Ȥ٤ǤϤޤ

ֶ̤Ρץޥ̾ (뤤ϡŪ˥ե̾) ζŪʼ󶡤뤹٤ƤΥѥå update-alternatives ȤäƱ (ʣμ) 󥹥ȡǤ褦ˤ٤Ǥ (ޤ) update-alternatives ȤäƤʤΤ褦ʶͭޥ̾󶡤¾ΥѥåŪ˥󥹥ȡ뤿ˤ Conflicts ȤʤФޤ (ξ˸¤äơ update-alternatives ȤäƤʤäСФ Conflict ꤷƤ⤫ޤޤ ϤΤ褦ʥС󶥹λʤ§ؤ㳰Ȥޤ)

ƥʥץΥץץȻѤˤĤ

ѥåƥʥץȤϡɬפ˱ƥץץȤȤäƥ桼Ϥ¥ȤǤޤ ץץɽ Debian ͤǰʹߤ˽򤷤ץ (㤨 debconf) 𤷤ƹԤ٤Ǥ ޤʳΥץץɽ㤨мʬǺ뤳Ȥʤ

Jargon ե: ʬμ - 2. ˤϡ餫ᶡ뤵Ƥ饤֥ (Ǥ㤨 debconf ΤȤǤ) ǹԤ٤ޤڤäΤʤˤʬǽ񤯤

ϴ侩Ǥ

Debian ͤǤϡdebian-policy ѥå debconf_specification ե˴ޤޤƤޤ ޤDebian web ߥ顼Ȥ ֤Ƥޤ

Debian ͤѤѥåˤϡ楢

.deb ѥå control.tar.gz Ǥ ȡ

ɲä config ץȤ templates եޤ뤳ȤǤޤ config ϡpreinst ĥѥåѥå ¸ط (dependency) ԰¸ط (pre-dependency) 뤳ȤޤΤǡ Essential ѥå°ġΤߤ

꤬ϤޤޤǤ Debian ͤ Debconf ¾Υġ⥤󥹥ȡ뤵Ƥơ 餫ΥСΰ¸ط硢줬餫Ƥɬפޤ

Ȥɬפޤ

Debian ͤ˽򤷤ѥåǤϡ po-debconf ѥåʤɤ󶡤 gettext ١ΥƥȤäåǽʤ褦ˤʤФʤޤ

ѥåϤ餬ɬפȤ̤Ǿ褦Ϥ٤Ǥ ޤѥåϥ桼ˤ줾μʹ褦ˤʤäƤ뤳ȤǧƤ٤Ǥ ߺդƸȡѥåϤ켫ȤɬפȤϢξΤ䤹ΤǤϤʤ Ŭڤʶͭե (㤨 /etc/papersize /etc/news/server Τ褦) debconf ͭѿȤ褦Ϥ٤ǤȤȤǤ

Ϥޤåץ졼ɻˡ桼 dpkg --purge ѤƤΥѥå褦ꤷƤʤ¤ꡢƱ٤٤ǤϤʤȤȤ̣ޤ μϥ桼ѹǤ褦 /etc Ŭڤʾ¸ƤʤФʤ餺ޤ줬ɤ줿ʸ񲽤Ƥ٤Ǥ

⤷Υѥå桼Τ餻ʤФʤʤ˽פʾäƤ (㤨С֤ΤޤޤǼ¹ԤʤǤեǽԽʤȡ ʤΥƥब㤰ʥåǤФƤޤޤ) ξ config ޤ postinst ץȤˤɽ桼˥꥿󥭡򲡤ƾǧ褦䤹٤Ǥ ɽ϶ˤƽפʤΤȤϸʤޤ ( /usr/share/doc/ѥå̾/copyright ˼ϿƤ) ץλȤ⤳μξǤϤޤ (ϥ饤ʸȤƤΥ桼ɤ褦Ͽ٤Ǥ)

ɤɬפʼ⡢Ƥξ config postinst ץȤ˸¤٤Ǥ Ƽ䤬 postinst ǹԤƤ硢ѥåΥ󥹥ȡ뤬Ԥ postinst abort-upgrade abort-removeabort-deconfigure ȤƸƤФ줿Ȥˤɬפʼ򤷤ʤ褦Pˤäɬװʳλ˸ƤФʤ褦ˤƤ٤Ǥ

ѥå ؤν

ѥåˤϡʤΥѥåǸικݤ˥ѥåΥѥǽ򤷤λǺǿΥѥå󥰴ΥСꤹ٤Ǥ

ξϡʤΥѥåޤˤ켰ˤʤäƤޤäȤ˼ưŪ˥ХݡȤФΤ˻Ȥޤ

ΥС Standards-Version եɤǻꤵޤStandards-Version եɤν񼰤 ǵܤƤޤ

˺ǿΥݥꥷޥ˥奢åƤޤ礦 ʤ˥ѥåΤäơ줬ŤʤäƤޤäƤʤäɬפǤ ξɬפХѥåΥåץǡȤԤäƲ ʤΥѥå

ʸγǤδ֤ǥݥꥷˤɤΤ褦ѹä줿ˤĤƤ upgrading-checklist ե򻲾Ȥ

§äݤˤϡѥå Standards-Version ѹƥ꡼٤Ǥ

ѥåƱΤΰ¸ط

ѥåˤϡӥɤ뤿˥󥹥ȡ뤵ƤʤФʤʤ ޤϥ󥹥ȡ뤵ƤƤϤʤ褦ʥХʥѥåƤ٤Ǥ 㤨ΥѥǤʤȥӥɤǤʤ硢ӥɻ¸ȤƤΥѥ餬ꤵƤ٤Ǥ

ѥ˺Ǿɬפʥѥå (㤨 C C++ ǽ񤫤줿 "Hello World!" Τ褦ʥץ򥳥ѥ롢󥯤 Debian ѥå뤿ɬפʤ) ޤǥӥɻ¸ΤΤȤƻꤹɬפϤޤ Τ褦ʾɬפȤʤѥå build-essential ȸƤФ졢build-essential ѥå˼ϿƤե /usr/share/doc/build-essential/list

§β⡧ ˤäơΥꥹȤϥݥꥷϢʸȤ̤˴ޤ (ΥꥹȤϥݥꥷϢʸɬפʸ̩ʴԤɬפϤʤΤ) Ωѥåˤ뤳ȤˤäƤޥ build-essential ʥѥå¸طˤäƥ󥹥ȡ뤹뤳ȤǤޤƱ¾Υѥå (㤨Х) build-essential ѥåΥ󥹥ȡƱͤ˰¸طˤä׵᤹뤳ȤǤޤ ޤΩѥåȤƤδԤäƤޤΤǡΥѥåΥХݡȤδ BTS ȤäݥꥷץȤʬƹͤɬפޤ

˥ꥹȥåפƤޤ

ӥɻ¸Υѥåꤹ硢ŪΥѥåӥɤΤľɬפǤΤΤߤꥹȥåפ٤Ǥ ӥɻ¸ȤƵ󤲤ѥå¸ƤȤͳǥѥå󤹤ɬפϤޤ

ϡ¸طѲΤǤƤʤ ʬ ľɬפʤ 󤹤٤Ǥ¾ΥѥåϤοãǤǤ 㤨Сlibimlib ˥󥯤ʤСӥɻ¸ libimlib2-dev ˻ꤹɬפޤ libjpeg* ѥå˻ꤹɬפϤޤ󡣤 libimlib2-dev libjpeg* ˰¸ƤƤƱǤ libimlib2-dev ѥå򥤥󥹥ȡ뤹뤳Ȥǡ¹Իΰ¸ط뤳ȤϼưŪݾڤޤ

ӥɻΰ¸طꤵƤ硢essential ѥåbuild-essential ѥåڤӰ¸طΥѥå (Υѥå¸Ƥʪޤ) ·äƤ륷ƥǥѥåΥӥɤǤʤФޤ ΤȤϡ¸طƤˡְäƤ̷ޤѥåФʤ褦 ӥɻ¸ФСֹ椬̩˻ꤵ٤Ǥ뤳Ȥ̣ޤ

˵Ūܺ٤ܤƤޤ

åץȥ꡼Υؤѹ

ɤؤѹ Debian ƥǤθͭɬפˤΤǤʤʤ顢åץȥ꡼κԤˤκԤ˾Ǥѹޤ뤳ȤǤ褦ѹ٤Ǥ

ѥå Debian ⤷ Linux ˽ɬפꡢ åץȥ꡼ΥԤʤ󶡤Ƥʤ硢 Τ褦ʼʤɲä٤Ǥ(㤨 autoconf ˤƥȤ #define ) ƥǥեȤƱˤʤäƤ褦ʥѥå򥢥åץȥ꡼κԤޤ дñˤʤ debian/rules ɤŬʤȤǥǥեȤ֤뤳ȤǤޤ

configure 桼ƥƥˤƥǤʸ򸡽Ф褦ˤ٤Ǥ (Ūˤ 򻲾)

⤷GNU configure ץȤ Makefile ɬפˤޤ줿硢ľ Makefile ˼ä .in եѹޤ礦 뤳Ȥǥ桼ˤѥåκƥӥɤǽȤʤޤ ʤ configure Ԥʤθ Makefile ѹ硢ï⤽θǤʤäѹʤ˥ѥåκƥӥɤ뤳ȤǤʤʤäƤޤޤ

Debian changelog: debian/changelog

Debian ǤΥѥåѹƴʷ Debian changelog ե debian/changelog

changelogs θ̾ϸŤ changelog ȥѹơˤ⤹٤ꡢñ˿ changelog ɲäƽ褤ˡǤ

˵ܤ٤Ǥ ˤϾήǤ˲ä Debian ѥåѹ

ԤѥåݼôԤǤ⤢硢ѥåƤѹФƤ changelog Ȥ褦ˤ뤳ȤǤޤξˤϥѥå丵ΥݼôԤ㤦ͤˤʤäˤϡ̾ѹʤФʤޤ âΤ褦ʾˤϤΥѥå Debian ΥѥåȤϤݼ餷ɤǤ礦

ӥѥåФ뤽ʳν乹򵭺ܤޤ

debian/changelog ΥեޥåȤϡѥåΤɤΥС򸽺ߥӥʤΤ ڤӤ¾Υ꡼ͭξ򡢥ѥåӥɥġ뤬ǧǤ褦ˤʤäƤޤ

ν񼰤ϼ˼ΤҤȤĤʤˤʤäΤǤ ѥå̾ (С) ǥȥӥ塼; urgency=۵

[ԤƤ褤ϤϺޤ]

* ѹ ѹƤ³

[ԤƤ褤ʬζԤ dpkg-parsechangelog νϤ˴ޤޤޤ]

* ޤ̤ѹ

[ԤƤ褤ϤϺޤ]

-- ƥ̾ <Żҥ᡼륢ɥ쥹>[]

package version ϥѥå̾ȥСǤ

distribution(s) ˤϡΥС󤬥åץɤȤ˥󥹥ȡ뤵ǥȥӥ塼󤬥ꥹȤޤ - ϡ.changes ե Distribution եɤ˥ԡޤ

urgency ϡåץɻ .changes ե Urgency եɤȤƻȤͤǤ ޤޤͤѤ뤳ȤϤǤޤ dpkg changelog եޥåȤǤϡޤ keyword=value γʬΥ뤿˻ѤƤޤ (ʤ顢ߤΤȤ keywordȤͭʤΤ urgency Ǥ)

ܺ٤ѹϡºݤˤϺĤΥڡǤϤޤϢιԤ˵ƤФΤǤ Ū˳ѹսϥꥹʬΥΤΥڡǻϤᡢ³ԤϥǥȤϤβս꤬ʬ褦ʸϤˤƤޤ ˾ΤǤСϢѹսʬΥΤ˶ԤѤǤޤ

ΥåץɤХȥå󥰥ƥ (BTS) ǵϿ줿ХΤʤСchangelog closes: Bug#nnnnn

Τˤϡʲ Perl ɽ˥ޥå褦ʸǤ /closes:\s*(?:bug)?\#?\s?\d+(?:,\s*(?:bug)?\#?\s?\d+)*/i 󤵤줿ĤޤʣΥХֹϡchangelog ȥ version Ȥäƥ֥ƥʥץ (katie) Ĥޤ

ʸޤ뤳Ȥǡѥå Debian ֤˼Ͽ줿ǥХưŪĤޤ

changelog ե˵ܤƥʤ̾Żҥ᡼륢ɥ쥹 С򥢥åץɤͤˤĤƵƤ٤Ǥ ɬ̾ΥѥåԤǤɬפ ޤ Ǥξϡ.changes ե Changed-By ( ) եɤ˥ԡ졢θ奢åץɤδλΤ뤿˻Ѥޤ

RFC822 եޥå

date -R ץǺޤ

RFC2822 ȡ

ˤ٤Ǥ ΥեޥåȤϡˤäɽ줿ॾޤ٤ǡ ץȤơääȤηǥॾ̾ξάղä뤳ȤǤޤ

ѥå̾ǤϤޤǽΡ֥ȥפιԤϡͤˤ٤Ǥ ³ԡեեɤξܺ٤Τ˰ĤΥڡϤ٤Ǥ Ԥξܺ٤եեɤϡΤĤΥڡˤäƶڤƤʤФޤ

Хʥѥå֤ changelog եν񼰤ˤĤƤΤܤ 򻲾Ȥ

changelog ̽񼰤

ŪʥѥåʳǤϡ debian/changelog ˤϡǿǤ dpkg ݡȤեޥåȤѤʤФޤ

Ѥ񼰤ΥѡѰդ뤳ȤǡɸŪǤʤ񼰤Ѥ뤳ȤǽǤ Υѡ dpkg-genchanges dpkg-gencontrol ԤƤΤ API ߴǤɬפꡢ桼ȤŪڹԤäƤϤʤޤ

񼰤ؿ (Ǥ) ΤǤȤˤϡ dpkg ΥƥʤϢȤꡢν񼰤бѡ dpkg ѥå˴ޤƤ餦褦ˤƲ Υѡѡȥޥ˥奢ڡϡdpkg ΰȤ dpkg ¾ʬƱ GNU GPL դ뤳Ȥǧɬפޤ

ɽ: debian/copyright

ƥѥåˤϡ۾Υ饤ʸ񤬸Τޤޤη /usr/share/doc/package/copyright ˼ϿƤʤФޤ (ܺ٤ )ޤѥåݤιθˤĤƤ 򻲾Ȥ

makefile ǤΥ顼ª

make makefile (ʤΥѥåξήѰդ makefile debian/rules ޤ) ǻꤵ줿ޥɤƤӽФݤˤϡsh Ȥޤ Τᡢsh Υ顼ν褬ȤϪ褷Ƥޤޤ ʤ makefile ˡƤӽФ륳ޥɤΰĤȤƾʥץȤޤޤƤ硢 ⤷Ŭڤ˼ǤʤХ顼ϲ⸡Ф줺make ꤬äΤ󤭤˽³ƤޤǤ礦

İʾΥ륳ޥ (ˤϥ롼פλѤ⳺ޤ) makefile ΥޥɤȤƻȤȤˤϤĤǤ⡢ 顼ªƤ뤫ɤΤʤФʤޤ ǥ쥯ȥܤäƤץ¹Ԥ롢Ȥ褦ñʣ祳ޥɤǤϡޥɥѥ졼ȤƥߥȤΤǤϤʤ && ǤĤʤнʬǤ礦 ¿Υ롼פPȤäʣʥޥɷФƤϡ ºݤˤϤξʥ륹ץȤΰĤƤӽФƤ makefile ޥɤΤ줾ƬΩ set -e ޤ٤Ǥ

ƥʤϲǽʸ¤ήΥեιѥåѹʤǤ٤Ǥ

ॹפݻͳդȤƤϡեκ֤Τ뤳Ȥˤä󤬤뤫Ǥ 㤨Сʸν֤򸫤뤳Ȥˤäơ줬˸ŤΤǤ뤳ȤΤ뤳ȤǤ롢ʤɤǤ Ǥ顢ήΥν֤ݻƤΤϤȤƤɤȤǤ

ѥå˴ޤޤΤФ

ѥåˤϡϡɥ

ߡѥåΥӥ˥ϡɥ󥯤ϸФ줺 ѥåŸˤΤ߸Фޤ

衢ϡɥ󥯤褦ˤʤ뤫⤷ޤ󤬡 ˤϤޤ¿κȤɬפȤʤޤ

ǥХե롢åȥե롢ڤ setuid setgid 줿ե

setgid 줿ǥ쥯ȥϵޤ

ޤޤƤƤϤޤ

debian/rules - ᥤۥץ

Υեϼ¹Բǽ makefile ǡѥå򥳥ѥ뤷Хʥѥåۤ뤿ΥѥåͭΥ쥷ԤޤǤޤ

ΥեƬ #!/usr/bin/make -f ȤԤǤʤФʤޤ make Ū˼¹ԤΤǤϤʤ debian/rules Ȥ̾Ǽ¹ԤǤ褦ˤ٤Ǥ

÷ debian/rules ץȤϡΥѥåμưѥԲǽˤ˥ƥʰʳοͤƱХʥѥåƹۤΤ񤷤ޤ Ǥ顢Ƥ ɬפʥå ŪǤʤƤ ʤޤǾ¤ϰϤǸСɬפʥåȤȤϡ dpkg-buildpackage ˤäƸƤӽФ륿åȡĤޤ cleanbinarybinary-arch build ΤȤǤ ޤΥåȤˤäƸƤӽФ륿åȤŪǤʤƤϤʤޤ

åȤϼ̤Ǥ (ä˵ܤƤʤ¤ꡢʲΥåȤɬפǤ) build

build åȤϥѥåι (ӥ) ʤƤΥѥåŪȥѥԤʤޤ ⤷ѥå˥ӥ÷롼󤬤ϡDebian 줿ѥåȤԤʤäǥӥɤ뤫 (ϡƤӤ˥Хʥѥåӥɽ褦ˤ뤿Ǥ)롼÷ˤʤ褦ѹʤФޤ ƥͭεǽθФ롼ǹԤ褦ˤʤäƤϡԤŬڤǤ

ĤΥѥåǡƱΥĥ꡼餽줾㤦ĤΥХʥѥå礬ޤ build åȤϤˤбǤޤ ξϡ줾ιˡˤäơ2 Ĥޤ ʾΥå (build-a build-b 䤽¾) ѤΤ褤Ǥ礦 Ƥξ硢ñȤ build Ϥʤˤ¹Ԥޤ binary åȤǡβǽˡǥѥåơ줾бХʥѥå뤳Ȥˤʤޤ

롼ȸ¤ɬפʤȤ build åȤǼ¹ԤƤϤޤ

ޤbuild åȤˡ clean 餻ɬפ뤳ȤϤޤޤ ʲ򻲾Ȥ

ѥå롼Ĺ֤䡢makefile ߷פޤ硢ޤ build clean μ¹Ԥɬפʾˤϡӥɥץνλ touch build ¹ԤƤΤ褤Ǥ礦ˤäơ debian/rules build ټ¹Ԥ줿ȤˡץΤƹۤʤƤߤޤ

ƱͤΤȤԤݤˤ褯ȤƤˡˡ build build-stamp ˰¸IJ⤷ʤ褦ˤƤ build-stamp ǼºݤΥӥɽ touch build-stamp λ˼¹Ԥ褦ˤޤ ϡӥɥ롼 build Ȥ̾Υեǥ쥯ȥ褦ˤʤäƤ硢äͭǤ ξ硢build ϵåȤȤϿ (Ūˤϡ.PHONY ؤΰ¸طޤ) ƤɬפޤåȤξܺ٤ˤĤƤϡ make ΥɥȤ򻲾Ȥ

build-arch (ץ) build-indep (ץ)

ѥå build-arch build-indep ξΥåȤꤹ뤳Ȥޤ build-arch åȤꤵ줿硢ϥƥ¸ΥХʥѥå (Υѥåˤϡdebian/control Architecture եɤ all ʳΤΤꤵƤޤ) Τɬפʤ٤Ƥ÷ν¹Ԥޤ Ʊͤ build-indep åȤꤵ줿硢ϥƥ¸ΥХʥѥå (Υѥåˤϡdebian/control Architecture եɤͤ all Ǥ) Τɬפʤ٤Ƥ÷ν¹Ԥޤ build åȤϡbuild-arch ޤ build-indep rules ե˻ꤵƤ硢˰¸طꤹ٤Ǥ

build-arch build-indep ΰ뤤ϤꤵƤʤ硢 debian/rules ¸ߤʤåȤꤷƵưݤˤϥơ 2 ֤٤Ǥ ̾make ϥåȤ¸ߤʤ硢ưŪ˾嵭η̤֤ޤ

build-arch build-indep Ǥϡroot ¤ɬפʤȤԤäƤϤޤ

binary, binary-arch, binary-indep

binary åȤϡ桼ǥѥåХʥѥå (ʣΤȤ⤢ޤ) ӥɤǤ褦ʤΤǤʤФޤ Τ٤ƤΥåȤϡŪưΤǤʤФʤޤ binary åȤϡĤʬʬޤ: binary-arch ϡΥƥѤΥե롢 binary-indep ϡʳΤΤޤ

binary ϡޥɤʤñ binary-arch binary-indep ˰¸褦ʥѥåǤ뤳Ȥϵޤޤ̤ΥѥåǤϤΤ褦ˤʤäƤޤ

ξ binary-* åȤϡ build åȡ뤤 build-arch ޤ build-indep ˤϤ줫Ŭڤʤۤ˰¸٤Ǥ Τ褦ˤƤС⤷ѥåӥɽѤǤʤȤϥӥɽ»ܤޤ Ƥθ dpkg-gencontrol Ȥäƥȥեdpkg-deb ǥӥɤԤäƴϢХʥѥåȥåץ٥ǥ쥯ȥοƥǥ쥯ȥ֤٤Ǥ

binary-arch binary-indep ξΥåȤ ¸ߤʤФޤ ΤʤˤΤʤǤ (ƥ¸¸˴ؤ餺ĤΥХʥѥåʤ礬ޤ) ξΥåȤ¸ߤʤФʤޤ󤷡ޤȤˤʤФʤޤ

binary åȤϡ롼ȸ¤ǵưʤ

Ƥξ硢fakeroot ѥåȤХ롼Ȥˤʤ餺ȤѥåӥɤǤޤ

ޤ

clean

build binary åȤˤ¹Է̤򸵤ᤷޤ binary åȤμ¹Ԥˤƥǥ쥯ȥ˺줿ϥեϤΤޤ޻Ĥޤ ΥåȤϡŪǤʤФޤ

ιǽҤ٤褦ˡbuild ե뤬 build åȽκǸ touch ƺƤ硢Υեϡclean κǽκȤȤƺ٤Ǥ Ǥ줿 clean θ build ¹Ԥ줿硢٤ƤλǧƤޤͤʤǤ

build åȤ롼ȸ¤Ǽ¹Ԥ줿塢ڤ binary åȤ¹Ԥ줿ˤϡclean åȤϥ롼ȸ¤ǵưɬפ뤫⤷ޤ (㤨Сbuild ϥǥ쥯ȥ뤳Ȥ⤢뤫Ǥ)

get-orig-source (ץ)

פʥ֥ȤǿǤΥꥸʥ륽ѥåޤ (FTP WWWͳ) 򥪥ꥸʥΥ tar ե () ˺ƹߤΥǥ쥯ȥ֤ޤ

ΥåȤϡɤΥǥ쥯ȥ꤫¹ԤƤ⤫ޤޤ ޤĤե褦򸯤٤Ǥ

ΥåȤϥץǤ Ǥ¤Ĥ褤Ǥ礦

patch (ץ)

ΥåȤǤϡǽȤ뤿β餫 (ɲäξήΥ֤Ÿ䡢ѥåŬѤʤ) ɬפʾ硢¹Ԥޤdpkg-source -x μ¹ԤΤߤǤϽǽʥʤѥåξ硢Ѥ侩ޤ 򻲾Ȥ

The buildbinary ڤ clean åȤϥѥåΥȥåץǥ쥯ȥ򥫥ȥǥ쥯ȥȤƼ¹ԤʤФޤ

Ƥ롢ޤϤʤ󥿡եΤ䡢ѥåǻѤ뤿 debian/rules ¾ΥåȤ֤ȤϵƤޤ

ѥåºݤ˥ӥɤޥ䡢󥹥ȡоݤȤʤޥΥƥϡ dpkg-architecture Ȥä make ѿꤹ뤳ȤˤäƷꤵޤ ˤꡢۥȥޥ (ѥåκоݤȤƤޥ󥿥) ǤʤѥåΥӥɤ򤹤ޥ (ӥɺȤ˻ȤäƤޥ) Debian Υƥ GNU Υƥʸ뤳ȤǤޤ ˡݡȤƤ make ѿ򼨤ޤ DEB_*_ARCH (Debian Υƥ) DEB_*_GNU_TYPE (GNU ƥʸ) DEB_*_GNU_CPU (DEB_*_GNU_TYPE CPU ʬ) DEB_*_GNU_SYSTEM (DEB_*_GNU_TYPE ƥʬ) * BUILD HOST Τɤ餫Ǥ BUILD ξϥѥåӥɤޥλˤʤꡢ HOST ξˤϥۥȥޥλˤʤޤ

rules եɬפѿŬڤɸͤꤹ뤳ȤˤäơߴݤĤȤǤޤ ܤ dpkg-architecture ΥɥȤ򻲾ȤƲ

DEB_*_ARCH ϡӥɤޤϥӥоݤȤʤޥ Debian ƥΤߤꤹΤȤȤ򤷤ƤȤϽפǤ CPU ƥξΤˤȤäƤϤޤ ξˤ GNU 񼰤ѿȤʤƤϤޤ

debian/rules DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS

ɸδĶѿ DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS ΥݡȤ侩ޤ ѿϡѥåɤΤ褦˥ѥ롦ӥɤ뤫ѹ뤿ʣΥե饰ޤߤޤ ƥե饰ϡflag Ȥ flag=options ȤǤʤФޤ ʣΥե饰硢ʬΥƤ ǥߥ򥵥ݡȤƤѥå⤢ޤ makefile ǤνǤưפǡޤޤե饰Ȥۣ椵򤱤뤳ȤǤޤ flag ϱѻʸ (a-z) ǻϤޤꡢѾʸȿ - ޤ _ (ϥեȥ) Τߤޤ褦ˤʤФޤoptions ˤ϶ޤǤϤޤ ƱΥǡ̷⤹ͤĤΤʣꤷƤϤޤ ѥåƥʤϡDEB_BUILD_OPTIONS ˤϥ̷֤⤬ʤȤꤷƤ⤫ޤޤ

ʲΥΰ̣ɸಽƤޤ noopt Υ硢ΥѥåϺŬǾ¤ǥѥ뤹٤Ǥ뤳Ȥ򼨤ޤ C ץξ硢CFLAGS -O0 դ (줬̾ͤǤ) ΤǤɤǤ礦 ΥץϤΥ٥κŬȥӥɤ¹Ԥ˼Ԥ뤿ᡢξˤϡ㤨 -O1 Ȥޤ nostrip Υϡѥå˥ǥХåĤᡢ 󥹥ȡ˥Хʥ꤫ǥХåܥ strip ƤϤʤȤ̣ޤ parallel=n ΥϡѥåΥӥɻˡӥɥƥबݡȤƤ n ¿ŤץǼ¹Ԥ٤Ǥ뤳Ȥ򼨤ޤ make ǥӥɤѥåǤϡ¿ξ make -jn ץϤȤǤλͤ¸ǽǤ ѥåΥӥɥƥब make 򥵥ݡȤƤʤ硢Υץ̵뤵ޤ ޤѥåӥɥƥब n ̤Τߤ򥵥ݡȤƤ硢ѥåϥӥɥƥε¤ץǥӥɤ٤Ǥ ѥåӥɻ֤ʬĹӥɤ˲ͤۤɥӥɥƥबǤ뤫ȽǤϥѥåƥʤǤƤޤ

̤Υե饰ϡdebian/rules ̵뤷ʤФޤ

ʲ makefile Ҥϡɤäƥӥɥץ뤫Ǥ ʬΥѥåư褦ˤ뤿ˤϡҤߤɬפǤ礦 CFLAGS = -Wall -g INSTALL = install INSTALL_FILE = $(INSTALL) -p -o root -g root -m 644 INSTALL_PROGRAM = $(INSTALL) -p -o root -g root -m 755 INSTALL_SCRIPT = $(INSTALL) -p -o root -g root -m 755 INSTALL_DIR = $(INSTALL) -p -d -o root -g root -m 755 ifneq (,$(filter noopt,$(DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS))) CFLAGS += -O0 else CFLAGS += -O2 endif ifeq (,$(filter nostrip,$(DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS))) INSTALL_PROGRAM += -s endif ifneq (,$(filter parallel=%,$(DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS))) NUMJOBS = $(patsubst parallel=%,%,$(filter parallel=%,$(DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS))) MAKEFLAGS += -j$(NUMJOBS) endif

ѿִ: debian/substvars

dpkg-gencontroldpkg-genchanges ڤ dpkg-source ϡȥեȤ Ϥ˽񤭤ѿִԤʤޤ ѿִ ${ѿ̾} ν񼰤ޤ ץǤե debian/substvars ˻Ѥѿִ򵭺ܤޤ ޤѿִϥѥå륳ޥɤ -V ץꤹ뤳Ȥˤäơľ debian/rules ꤹ뤳ȤǤƱƤѿѤǤޤ

debian/substvars ե̾ debian/rules åȤˤä졢ưŪѹޤ Τ褦ʤΤäˤ clean åȤˤäƺƤʤФޤ

debian/substvars ΥեޥåȤޤѿִξܺ٤ˤĤƤϡ

ήΥξ (ץ): debian/watch

ϡץǤϤޤ侩Υȥեǡ uscan 桼ƥƥФơ󶡤줿ѥåΥåץǡȤ ftp http Ȥˡ򵭺ܤΤǤ ϡ ¾ Debian QA ġǡѥåʼȥǥȥӥ塼ΤݼΤѤƤޤ

debian/files

Υեϡĥ꡼ιŪʬǤϤޤ ϥѥåӥɤ桢ɤΥե뤬줿ΤϿΤѤޤ dpkg-genchanges ϡ.changes եȤˤѤޤ

ϥåץɤ륽ѥå˴ޤ٤ǤϤޤ ơ (Ӥ٤ƤΥХååץեȰե롢㤨Сfiles.new

files.new dpkg-gencontrol dpkg-distaddfile ŪʥեȤƻȤޤ 顼äȤ˲줿ե򤽤Τޤ޻ĤƤʤ褦ˤ뤿ᡢС files öΥե˽񤭽Фθǥե̾Ѥޤ

) ϡclean åȤˤäƺ٤Ǥޤ binary åȤΥȻˤϡΥե 뤫ˤƿȤǧ뤳ȤϤ褤Ǥ

dpkg-gencontrol ХʥѥåΤ¹Ԥݤˡ dpkg-deb --build ХʥѥåΤ¹Ԥ˺ .deb ΤΥȥ debian/files ɲäޤΤᡢƤΥѥå Υե˴ؤƤʤФʤȤϡclean åȤˤäƺ뤳ȤǤ

åץɤ٤ե뤬ѥåȡ dpkg-gencontrol ˤäƥȥե뤬줿ХʥѥåʳΥեޤǤȤϡ ΥեϥѥåΥȥå׳إǥ쥯ȥοƥǥ쥯ȥ֤٤Ǥ ơdebian/files ΥꥹȤ˥եɲä뤿 dpkg-distaddfile Ƥ֤褦ˤ٤Ǥ

ɤصṲ̄

ΥեȥѥåǤϡ¾ΥեȥѥåΥɤμ̤ޤǤꡢ 饳ѥ뤹ݤʣΥѥåɤʤƤѤ褦ˤƤޤ Debian ѥåǤϡޤޤ¦ΥѥåտŪˤΤ褦˻ȤȤǤʤ 㤨СGNU ӥɥƥϤΤ褦ˤʤäƤޤ Τ褦ʼ̤λȤϤ٤ǤϤޤ ⤷ޤޤƤ륳ɤ Debian ֤ǥ饤֥ȤƼϿƤ硢Debian ѥå󥰤ǤϥХʥѥåˤ饤֥ؤλȤԤʤΤ褦ʼ̤Ȥ٤ǤϤޤ ⤷ޤޤƤ륳ɤ Debian ˼ϿƤʤϡǽʤФΥɤΰ¸طդ̤˥ѥå󥰤٤Ǥ Debian Ʊɤμ̤ĤȤΨǤ Ū󥯤ȶͭ饤֥֤ξͤ򾷤ǤǤפϥɤνʣˤꥻƥ٤ν񤷤뤳ȤǤ

ѥåν: debian/README.source

dpkg-source -x 򥽡ѥåФƼ¹ԤƤ⡢ľԽǽǡѹä彤줿ѥåɲúȤʤ dpkg-buildpackage ǺǤ褦ʥѥåΥʤˤϡ debian/README.source եɲä侩ޤ ΥեˤϡʲΤ٤Ƥμ礬ƤʤФޤ ԽǽǡDebian ѥåκǽʡ Υѥåäˡ debian/rules patch åȤǹԤʤ褦ˤ뤳Ȥ侩Ǥ ȡ ѹѹ򥻡֤ƥѥåκݤŬѤǤ褦ˤˡ ѥåӥɤݤˡƤƤ륽򤹤٤Ƹ᤹ˡ ץȤơήǤǤ (ǽʤ) Debian ѥå򥢥åץ졼ɤΤɬפʼ ˤ϶Ūʥޥ̾䡢ɲäɬפ Debian ѥåˤĤƸڤ٤ǤޤDebian ѥå󥰥ƥѥåġΤƤ뤳ȤꤷƤϤޤ

ϡӥɻ¸ꤷƤѥåΰĤ󥹥ȡ뤹ʸե򻲾ȤƤ⤫ޤޤ ϻȤ줿ʸ񤬼Τ˵ܤƤꡢŪʥե󥹥ޥ˥奢ǤϤʤ˸¤ޤ

debian/README.source ˤϡѥåѹ褦ȤͤˤȤäͭפʾޤƤ⤫ޤޤ ѥå嵭˳ΤǤϤʤȤ⡢äʣǤ狼ˤ֤ӥɥƥ (㤨ƱʣӥɤưۤʤäХʥѥå褦ʥѥå) Ǥϡƥʤ debian/README.source 뤳Ȥޤ

ȥե (Control) ȤΥե

ѥåƥ϶̤ΥեޥåȤǵҤ줿ǡ򰷤ޤ ΥեޥåȤ control data ȸƤӡȥե ˵ܤƤޤ ȥեϥѥåХʥѥå .changes ǻȤƤꡢ 󥹥ȡȥեΥåץɤ椷ޤ

dpkg ǡ١եޥåȤˤʤäƤޤ

ȥեν

ȥեϡĤޤϤʾΥեɤޤ

ϤФϢ (stanza) ȸƤФޤ

ϡԤǶڤޤ ĤΥȥեϰĤƤޤ󤬡ʣĤȤǤ륳ȥե⤢ޤ ξˤϡ̾ϡ줾㤦ѥåФ뵭ҤˤʤäƤޤ (㤨СѥåǤϥѥåؤʹߤΥѥåϤ줿Хʥѥåؤޤ)

İĤϡեɤͤϢ³ΤǤ ġΥեɤϡ̾Ȥ³ͤˤäƹޤ ơ(Ū) ǤʿϢ³ (ڡȥ) ͤ뤳ȤǤޤξ̵뤵ޤ; Ȥơθ˰Ĥζޤ 㤨СեɤϰʲΤ褦ʤΤǤ Package: libc6 ǡե̾ Package ǡեɤͤ libc6 Ǥ

¿ΥեɤʣԤǹƤޤ; ξ硢³Ԥϡ򤫥֤ǻϤޤʤ ʤޤ եɤιԤκǸ³䥿̵֤뤵ޤ

ԤʤŪ˽񤫤ƤեɤǤϡեɤΤˤϰԤΥǡΤߤƤꡢϰ̣ޤ ϡ ̾ (ѥå䥢ƥ㡢ե롢¾) Сֹ桢ʣΥ饯ΥСطˤϡФˤäƤϤޤ

եɤ̾ˤϡʸʸϴطޤ ʲ˼褦ˡʸʸ򺮺ߤˤϡǽΰʸʸˤΤ̤Ǥ

Ԥȥ֤ǤƤԤϡեɤͤ䡢եɤȥեɤδ֤ˤäƤϤޤ - ϡ̣Ƥޤޤ

ѥåȥե -- debian/control

debian/control եϡѥåȤ줫ХʥѥåˤĤƤκǤפ (С¸) ܺ٤ޤߤޤ

ȥեκǽˤϡѥå̤˴ؤ󤬼ϿƤޤ ˰³ʬˤϥĥ꡼ӥɤ줿Хʥѥåεܤޤ

ʬ (ѥåѤκǽʬ) ΥեɤϰʲΤΤǤ Source (ɬ) Maintainer (ɬ) Uploaders Section (侩) Priority (侩) Build-Depends ʤ Standards-Version (侩) Homepage

ХʥѥåѤΥեɤϰʲΤΤǤ Package (ɬ) Architecture (ɬ) Section (侩) Priority (侩) Essential Depends et al Description (ɬ) Homepage

եɤν񼰤Ọ̇̄ϰʲǵܤƤޤ

Υեɤϡdpkg-gencontrol ХʥѥåѤΥȥե Ȥ (ʲ) dpkg-genchanges åץɤտ魯 .changes եȤޤ dpkg-source ֤ΰȤ .dsc ȥեȤ˻Ѥޤ ¿Υեɤϡdebian/control ǤʣԤϤ뤳ȤƤޤ ¾ΥȥեǤϤǧƤޤ ǵ󤲤ġϡdebian/control ΤΤ褦ʥեɤФơ¾Υȥե뤿˻ѤݤˡԤǤäƤޤ

ޤΥեɤϡѿȤޤळȤ⤢ޤ ͤϡϥȥեȤ dpkg-gencontroldpkg-genchanges ڤ dpkg-source ˤäƻѤޤ ܺ٤ϡ

Хʥѥåȥե -- DEBIAN/control

DEBIAN/control եˤϡХʥѥå˴ؤǤפ (С¸) 󤬼ϿƤޤ

ΥեΥեɤϰʲ̤Ǥ Package (ɬ) Source Version (ɬ) Section (侩) Priority (侩) Architecture (ɬ) Essential Depends et al Installed-Size Maintainer (ɬ) Description (ɬ) Homepage

Debian ȥե -- .dsc

ΥեϡХʥѥåΥեƱͤǧ졢ʬΥϢΥեɤޤߤޤ ޤޤեɤʲ˼ޤޤեɤν񼰤 Ƥޤ Format (ɬ) Source (ɬ) Version (ɬ) Maintainer (ɬ) Uploaders Binary Architecture Build-Depends ۤ Standards-Version (侩) Files (ɬ) Homepage

ѥåȥեϥ֥ӥɻ dpkg-source ˤ꥽ѥåΡ嵭Ƥ¾Υե뤫ޤ ѥå򤯻ѥå¾ʬΥեȥǥ쥯ȥȤåޤ

Debian changes ե -- .changes

.changes եϡѥåݤ Debian ִեȥˤäƻѤޤ Υեˤ debian/control ȡ debian/changelog debian/rules ʤɤФѥåξ󤬴ޤޤƤޤ

ΥեΥեɤϰʲΤΤǤ Format (ɬ) Date (ɬ) Source (ɬ) Binary (ɬ) Architecture (ɬ) Version (ɬ) Distribution (ɬ) Urgency (侩) Maintainer (ɬ) Changed-By Description (ɬ) Closes Changes (ɬ) Files (ɬ)

եɤΥꥹ Source

Υեɤϡѥå̾Ǥ

debian/control ե .dsc եΥեɤǤϡ ѥå̾ΤߤޤޤʤФޤ

ХʥѥåΥȥե桢ޤ .changes եǤϡѥå̾θˡ ä줿Сֹ³Ƶܤ뤳ȤǤޤ

⤷СʥСꤵƤʤ顢Ū˥ѥå̾θ˰ĤζĤޤ

ΥСֹϡΥХʥѥå Version եɤƱͤäƤ硢dpkg-gencontrol ˤäƺޤ ޤѥåХʥѥåƱ̾ȥСäƤϡ ΥեɼΤХʥѥåȥե뤫ޤ

Maintainer

ѥåƥʤ̾ email ɥ쥹Ǥ ǽ̾ʤƤϤޤ θ email ɥ쥹 <> (RFC822 եޥåȤ) ޤ

ѥåƥʤ̾˥ԥꥪɤޤޤƤȡRFC822 ˵ꤵƤʸˡΥߥˤäơƤΥեɤ email ɥ쥹ȤŬѤʤʤޤ; Υեɤ򥢥ɥ쥹ȤƻѤץϡåơɬפǤнʤФޤ (㤨С̾򤫤äΤʤƺǸ˰ư email ɥ쥹˻äƤޤ)

Uploaders

ѥåζƱƥʤ硢οͤ̾ email ɥ쥹ΰǤ⤷ѥå Maintainer ե ˵ܤʳΥƥʤ硢οͤ̾ email ɥ쥹򤳤˵ܤޤ 񼰤ϥƥʥΤΤƱǤꡢʣΥȥϥ "," Ƕڤޤ ǤϡΥեɤϥǡԤΤߤ¤Ƥޤ ΥեɤϥץǤ

debian/control ե Uploaders եɤ᤹ѡϡιԤʣϤ뤳ȤƤǤʤФʤޤ Uploaders βԤϰ̣ԤʤƱΤȤƲᤵޤ

Changed-By

оݤȤʤѥåͤ̾Żҥ᡼륢ɥ쥹Ǥ ̾ϥƥ̾Ǥ ƥʥեɤƱ롼뤬ŬѤޤ

Section

Υեɤˤϡѥåʬषץꥱʬꤷޤ 򻲾Ȥ

debian/control ե˸Ƥ硢 .changes ե Files եɤƱ̾Υ֥եɤͤޤ ޤХʥѥåƱ̾Υեɤνͤˤޤ

Priority

ΥեɤˤϡΥѥå򥤥󥹥ȡ뤹뤳ȤνƤޤ ȤΤȡ

debian/control ե˸Ƥ硢 .changes ե Files եɤƱ̾Υ֥եɤͤޤ ޤХʥѥåƱ̾Υեɤνͤˤޤ

Package

Хʥѥå̾Ǥ

ѥå̾ϡ Ѿʸ (a-z) (0-9) + - . (ץ饹ȥޥʥԥꥪ) Τߤޤߤޤ ʤȤʸʾǡѿϤޤʤФޤ

Architecture

ޤǤΥƥȤȡեƤ˰¸ޤ Architecture ϰʲͤ뤳ȤǤޤ Debian ޥ󥢡ƥ򼨤դΰ졣 ι򻲾Ȥ all ϥƥ˰¸ʤѥåǤ뤳Ȥ򼨤ޤ any ϤΥѥåɤΥƥǤӥɲǽǤ뤳Ȥ򼨤ޤ source ѥåǤ뤳Ȥ򼨤ޤ

ѥåΡᥤ debian/control ե䡢ѥåȥե .dsc ˤϡڡǶڤ줿ʣΥƥΥꥹȤ񤯤ȤǤǤޤ ޤ̤ any all ޤ

any ϡѥåΥƥ˰¸ʤȤ򼨤Ƥꡢ 륢ƥˤ˥ѥǤʤФʤޤ󤬡 줿ХʥѥåϡƥΩʤΤǤϤʤ ˻ꤷƥ㤬ʤǤ졢 ΥƥѤ (¸) ΤȤʤޤ

줬Ǥ褯Ȥǡޤ Architecture: all ǤϤʤѥåǿ侩Ǥ

ƥ㤬󤵤Ƥ硢ϥƥ¸Ȥƥӥɤ뤳Ȥ򼨤Ƥꡢ󤵤줿ƥǤΤưޤ

ϥץ˰ܿʤξǻȤǤ ѥåǤϡ̤ϻȤ٤ǤϤޤ

.changes եΡArchitecture եɤϡΥѥåбƤ륢ƥ򼨤ޤ ϥꥹȤǤ⤷̤ʥȥ source СΥѥåΥ⥢åץɤޤ

ѥåۤβǥƥɤΤ褦뤫ˤĤƤξϡ 򸫤Ƥ

Essential

ϡХʥѥåΥȥե桢ޤϥᥤΥǡեΥѥåȤ˵Ҥ Yes/No ͤǤ

yes ȥåȤƤä硢dpkg dselect ϡΥѥåκԤʤޤ (֤ϲǽǤ) no ξϡΥեɤäƤʤƱǤ

ѥå֤δϢ򼨤ե: Depends, Pre-Depends, Recommends, Suggests, Breaks, Conflicts, Provides, Replaces, Enhances

Υեɤϡѥå֤δط򵭽Ҥޤ 򻲾ȤƤ

Standards-Version

ѥå򤷤ǿɸ (Debian ݥꥷޥ˥奢뤪Ӥ˴Ϣƥ) ΥСǤ

СʥСϥ᥸㡼ڤӥޥʡСֹ桢˥᥸㡼ڤӥޥʡѥå٥ 4 Ĥοʤޤ ƤΥѥåϤäѹʤˤϡ᥸㡼Сѹޤ ¿Υѥå˽ȤɬפʽפѹξˤϡޥʡСѹ뤳ȤˤäƤ򼨤ޤ ѥå٥ˤĤƤϡѹǤäƤ⡢줬ѹȼˤϥ᥸㡼ѥå٥ѹȤʤޤ ޥʡѥå٥ѹȤʤΤϡɽ̾ѹʸνʤɰ̣礤Ѳ̵硢 ޤѥåƤ˴ؤƱƶͿʤˤʤޤ

äƥޥ˥奢СΤǽ 3 ĤοŪʥСȤƤΰ̣ޤ ο 3 Ĥˤ뤫 4 ƤȤäƥСꤹ뤫ϡץ

ϥСꤹΤˡ"2.3.0.0" Ȥͤ˾СֹɽƤޤǽΥѥå٥ѹϿݥꥷƤ򿷵ƳΤǤϤʤᡢ ʤʥݥꥷƺǽ 3 ĤοǤ "2.3.0" ǥС򼨤褦ˤۤɤȻפ뤫Ǥ 4 ĻȤлȤäƤ⤫ޤޤ

Ǥ

Version

ѥåΥСֹǤ񼰤ϡ [epoch:]upstream_version[-debian_revision] Ǥ

С 3 ĤǤ epoch

ϰʤǤ̤ϾˤʤϤǤ ȲꤷɤϾάǤޤάˤϡ upstream_version ˥ޤƤϤޤ

ϥѥåθŤСΥСֹθꡢ ѥåΰΥСֹηϤ򤽤Τޤޤ˻ĤƤˤޤ

upstream_version

줬СֹμʬǤ̾پʤ .deb ե뤬줿ꥸʥ ("ή") ѥåΥСֹˤʤޤ ̤ϾήκԤˤä줿ΤƱˤʤޤ ѥåƥӼˡ˱äƽäʤФʤʤ⤷ޤ

upstream_version ˴ؤѥåƥӤεưˤĤƤϼǽҤ٤ޤ Сֹǡ upstream_version ʬɬܤǤ

upstream_version ϱѿ

ѿ A-Za-z0-9 ΤߤǤ

ʸ . + - : ~ (ԥꥪɡץ饹ϥե󡢥󡢥) 鹽ƤꡢǻϤޤ褦ˤ٤Ǥ debian_revision ʤ硢ϥեϵޤ ޤepoch ʤ硢ϵޤ

debian_revision

СΤʬϡΥѥå Debian Хʥѥåˤ뤿ˤۤɤΥСֹɽ路Ƥޤ ϱѿ + . ~ (ץ饹ԥꥪ ӥ) λΤߤʤꡢupstream_version ƱӤޤ

ʬϥץǤ debian-revision ʤˤϡ upstream-version ϥϥեޤǤƤϤޤ debian-revision ʤΤΤ Debian Хʥѥåˤʤ褦̤˽񤫤줿եȥǤ뤳Ȥ򼨤Ƥޤ Τ褦ʥեȥΡDebian٤ϰĤǤ顢ӥɲäɬפޤ

upstream_version ä뤿Ӥˡ debian_revision 1 ᤹ΤȤʤäƤޤ

ѥåƥʸκǸΥϥե () ΤȤǥСֹ upstream_version debian_revision Ȥʬ䤷褦Ȥޤ debian_revision ʤΤϡdebian_revision 0 Ǥ

ĤΥСֹӤˤϡޤ epoch ͤӤ졢 epoch ƱǤˤ upstream_version Ӥ졢 upstream_version ƱǤˤ debian_revision Ӥޤ epoch ϿȤӤޤ upstream_version debian_revision ʬϥѥåƥˤäơʲܤΥ르ꥺѤӤޤ

ʸϺ鱦ؤӤޤ

ǽˡоݤȤʤ2Ĥʸǡǹǽʬꤷޤ ξʸФ롢οǤʤʬ (ΤΰĤ϶ǤäƤ⤫ޤޤ) 򼭽Ӥޤ ⤷㤤ĤС֤ޤ ǤμȤϡ٤Ƥʸʸͤ˽ ˥ɤäȤ뽤 (ζʸ깹) ä ASCII Ǥ 㤨Сʲγʬᤤۤ٤ۤؤνǥȤޤ ~~, ~~a, ~, ʬ, a ɤŵŪˡϡήǤΥץ꡼ǤǤ 㤨С1.0~beta1~svn1245 1.0~beta1 ᤤΤȤƥȤ졢ˤ 1.0 ȸʤޤ

ˡĤʸλĤʬ顢ƿǹǽʬꤷޤ ĤοͤӤӷ̤ȤƸĤä㤤֤ޤ ΤȤʸ (ӤƤ⤷ΥСʸˤƤΤ) 0 Ȥƿޤ

㤤Ĥ뤫ʸĴٿԤޤǡĤΥƥåפ (Ƭ顢ǽʸȺǽοʸӤڤΥʤ) ֤ޤ

epoch ŪϥСֹդΥߥ򤽤ΤޤޤˤǤ褦ˤ뤿ᡢޤСֹդѹˡ 򤦤ޤ褦ˤ뤿ȤȤդƤ ѥåƥब᤹뤳ȤΤǤʤʸ (ALPHA pre- ʤ) ʸޤСֹ䡢θդ (Υޥ˥奢Ԥϡ1.11.21.3 12.12.22 ȥС󤬿ʤǤäѥåΤȤʹȤޤ) 򤦤ޤ뤿Ǥ ޤ

Description

ӥХʥѥåΥȥեǡ Description եɤˤϥХʥѥåޤޤƤޤ ϡפޤûȡĹĤʬʤޤ 񼰤ʲ˼ޤ

Description: <Գ> <ʣԤˤ錄Ĺ>

ĹʬΥեޥåȤϰʲ̤Ǥ

ĤϤޤԤϡѥ饰 () ΰǤ ιԤ˰³ԤϡɽκݤˤϥɥåפԤޤ ǽζ̾ (ɽκݤ) ޤ İʾ夫ϤޤԤϡΤޤɽޤ ɽʿ˹ʤϡɽץƤ (ñ춭θ˲Ԥ) ޤ ǽʾɬפ˱ɽ¦ˤϤ߽Фޤɽˡ0 2 ĤޤǤζ򤬺ޤκݤ˺θĿϳƹԤǰǤ (äơǥȤ줿Ƥɽޤ) ȥɥå ('.') ΤߤʤԤϡԤȤɽޤ ϶ԤɽͣʤǤ

ʶιԤ϶ȤƤϽ줺ѡ˥ȥեο쥳ɤ򳫻ϤΤȤƲᤵޤ Τᡢܺ˶Ԥȡ̤ϥ顼ǰ۾ェλޤ

򡢥ɥåȤȤĤʸ³ԷϾγĥѤǡȤʤǤ

֤ϻѤʤǤɤư򤹤뤫ʬޤ

˾ܤϡ ι򻲾Ȥ

.changes եˤϡDescription եɤˤϥåץɤѥåʸޤǤޤ

ΥեɤϤޤľιԤϡԤǤ θΤ줾ιԤ˥Хʥѥå̾ȤΥѥåʸ󤬵ޤ 줾ιԤϡĤζǥǥȤޤ

Distribution

.changes ե뤫 changelog βϽϤˤϡ Υѥå󥹥ȡ뤵ƤޤϤ줫饤󥹥ȡ뤵ǥȥӥ塼̾Ƕڤƴޤޤޤ ͭʥǥȥӥ塼̾ϥ֥ƥʤꤷޤ

ߡǥȥӥ塼μͤ stable ϡߤ Debian GNU/Linux Ȥƥ꡼ƤСǤ Сϡȯɤ뤵줿ΤۤɤΥƥȴ֤򤪤ơȤ˥꡼Ƥޤ ǥȥӥ塼󤬡stable ˤʤꤷ顢פʥХեåޤ Υǥȥӥ塼ѹäȤϡ꡼ֹ椬ޤ (㤨С1.2r1 1.2r2 ˤʤꡢ1.2r3ˤʤޤ) unstable (԰) Υǥȥӥ塼ϡDebian ۥĥ꡼ǡȯ ΤΤǤȤȤ򼨤ޤ ѥåӥѥåκǿΥС󡢥Хեåϡ unstable ǥ쥯ȥ˼Ͽޤ ĿͤǤˤƥɤƤ testing (ƥ) Υǥȥӥ塼̾ Debian Υǥȥӥ塼Τ ƥ (testing) ʬ򼨤ޤ Υǥȥӥ塼Ǥ unstable ǥȥӥ塼󤫤Υѥåunstable 礭꤬ȯʤȤǧûͱͽ֤򤪤ơޤ unstable ꤬ǽϾʤǤ礦ϻĤäƤޤ ѥåľ testing ˥åץɤ뤳ȤϤǤޤ frozen (ե꡼) unstable ǥȥӥ塼󤬡֥פξ֤˰ܹԤޤ stable СȤƥ꡼뤿Ǥ Υƥȴ֤ˤϡ¸ХȯХˤĤƤμľޤ ʳξܺ٤ϥ꡼ޥ͡㤬ꤷޤ experimental () Υǥȥӥ塼Υѥåϡƥʤ顢ϥꥹǤƤޤ ΦǤ䳫ȯΥѥåʤɡ¿Υɤ鹽Ƥ볫ȯΥѥå䡢ƤۤȻפäƤ뤱ɤ Debian ¾ ǥȥӥ塼˴ޤޤۤɤδ٤ǤϤʤΤޤޤƤޤ Υǥȥӥ塼󤫤ɤȤϼʬȽǤԤäƤ

ΥեɤˤϡΥѥå󥹥ȡ뤵롢 ٤ Υǥȥӥ塼󤷤ʤФޤ

ܤ Debian Developer's Reference "The Debian archive" ι򻲾ȤƤ

Date

Υեɤˤϥѥåӥɤ줿ޤϽ줿դ򵭺ܤޤ

Υեɤͤ̾ debian/changelog ե뤫Фޤ 򻲾Ȥ

Format

ΥեɤˤϡեΥեޥåȥӥ򵭺ܤޤ Υݥꥷޥ˥奢ǵܤ줿եޥåȤΥӥ 1.5 Ǥ ΥեޥåȤͤν񼰤ϥѥåСֹƱǤ epoch Debian revision դ뤳ȤǤޤ 򻲾Ȥ

Urgency

ΥС󤫤Υåץ졼ɤɤٽפʤΤ򼨤ޤ ʲΤ줫ΥɤΤҤȤĤꤷޤ lowmedium high emergency critical ʳζ۵򼨤ͤ⥢֥եȥѹ뤳ȤǥݡȤƤޤDebian ȤƤޤ󡣶۵ͤϤΥѥå testing ǥȥӥ塼˼ϿᤵȽǤ˱ƶåץɤκݤνν򼨤ܰ¤Ϳޤ Emergency critical ƱΤȤưޤ (ʸȾʸ϶̤ޤ) Ƕڤ줿 (ƤäˤϤäƤޤ) ץȤƤĤȤ⤢ޤ㤨С Urgency: low (HIGH for users of diversions)

Υեɤ̤ͤ debian/changelog äƤޤ 򻲾Ȥ

Changes

ΥեɤϡͤɤिѹΥǡ򼨤ޤ ΥСȸߤΥСȤޤ

ǽβԤޤǤϲǡޤǤϤޤ ơ³ƹԤϡ°ĤζˤäƥǥȤʤФʤޤ Ԥϡȥԥꥪɤʤޤ

Υեɤ̤ͤ debian/changelog äƤޤ 򻲾Ȥ

줾ΥСѹϡtitle׹Ԥθ³ޤ Ρtitle׹ԤˤϡʤȤ⡢С󡢥ǥȥӥ塼󡢶۵٤ΥեɤͤɤǴޤޤƤޤ

⤷ĤΥСΥС֤褦ʾ硢 ǿΥСФΤǽ֤褦ˤ٤ǡ Ʊ˶ԤƥȥԤʬ䤷Ƥ (title׹ԤθޤԤΤȤ ³Ƥ)

Binary

ΥեɤϥХʥѥåΥꥹȤǤ

.dsc ե˵ܤƤϡϤΥѥåǤХʥѥåΥꥹȤǤ ٤ƤΥƥǡ˵ܤ줿ХʥѥåǤɬפϤޤ ġΥХʥѥåɤΥƥбƤ뤫ξܺ٤ϡȥեˤϴޤޤޤ

.changes եǤΤΥեɤͤϡ ºݤ˥åץɤƤХʥѥå̾ΥꥹȤǤ

ν񼰤ϡޤǶڤ줿

Ծ塢ޤθˤ϶ޤ

ХʥѥåΥꥹȤǤ ߤϡ.changes ե϶ǶڤƤʤФޤ

Installed-Size

ΥեɤϡХʥѥåΥȥե Packagesե˸ޤ Υѥå򥤥󥹥ȡ뤹Τɬפʥǥ̤򼨤ޤ

ǥ̤ϡǤ蘆ñ̤ϥХȤǤ

Files

ΥեɤϡեȤˤĤƤξ쵭ꥹȤ鹽ޤ ̩ʾȽ񼰤ϻȤˤޤ ɤξˤƤ⡢ ե̾ (¨ Files:) ΤԤˤϥեɤƤϵҤǤޤ ³Ĥʬˤ 1 ĤΥեˤĤԤƤޤ ΤȤƹԤ 1 ĤζʸǥǥȤ졢եɤγƥ֥եɤǶڤ³ޤ

.dsc եξˤϡΥեɤˤ tar եɬפʤ饽ѥåλĤʬˤʤ diff եγơˤĤơMD5 åࡢե̾ޤ diff եϡѥåѹʬ

Ĥޤꡢtar ե̵ʬΤǡ.dsc եʳʬΤȤǤ

Ǥե̾ʤɤιܤˤĤƤΤʽ񼰤ϡ 򤴤󤯤

.changes եξˤϡΥեɤˤ 1 ĤΥåץɤե뤴Ȥ 1 Ԥġ MD5 åȥ󡢥ץ饤ƥե̾Ҥޤ (section) ץ饤ƥ (priority) եɤϥᥤΥȥեбͤȤʤޤ ⤷ȥץ饤ƥꤵƤʤä顢 - Ȥ٤Ǥ ʤ顢ȥץ饤ƥͤϿѥåŬڤ˥󥹥ȡ뤹뤿ᡢꤷƤʤФʤʤΤǤ

.changes եΥ byhand Ȥ̤ͤǤСե̾ΥѥåեȤưʤᡢ ǥȥӥ塼Ԥưǥ󥹥ȡ뤷ʤФʤޤ byhand ͤǤäˤϡץ饤ƥ - ˤ٤Ǥ

Debian ѥå꡼ˡήΥ֤ۤȼʤ硢 .dsc ե Files եɤˤϡꥸʥΥ package-upstream-version.orig.tar.gz Ф륨ȥޤǤʤФʤޤ .changes ե Files եɤˤϤΥȥ꤬äƤϤޤ ξ硢ۥȤΥꥸʥ륽֤ϡåץɤ褦ȤƤ .dsc եȡdiff եΤ˻Ѥ줿֤ȥХñ̤Τ˰פƤʤФʤޤ

Closes

.changes եǤѹ/ˤꡢåץɤĤХݡֹ򡢶Ƕڤä󤷤ޤ

Homepage

ΥѥåΥ֥Ȥ URL Ǥǽʾ硢˾ޤΤϸΥǤɲäξήʸǤ褦ʥȤǤ ΥեɤƤˤϡ<> ʤɤǰϤޤʤñ URL 򵭺ܤޤ

桼ե

ѥåȥեˤϥ桼եɤɲä뤳ȤǤޤ ̵뤵졢(㤨) Хʥ䥽ѥåȥե롢åץɥȥեˤϥԡޤ

ϥե˥ݡȤƤʤեɤղäȤϡ˽Ҥ٤ˡѤƤ

ᥤΥȥեˤơX ϤޤꡢBCS ȥϥե - ³եɤϡϥե˥ԡޤ ƽϥեˤϡե̾Υϥեθ³ʸΤߤѤޤ ǡB ϥХʥѥåȥե˻ѤȤ S ѥåȥե˻ѤȤ C ϡåץɥȥե (.changes) ˻ѤȤ˻Ȥޤ

ᥤΥ󥳥ȥե뤬ʲΥեɤޤǤȤϡ XBS-Comment: I stand between the candle and the star. ХʥȥѥåȥեϡΥեɤޤߤޤ Comment: I stand between the candle and the star.

ѥåץȤȥ󥹥ȡμ ѥåץȤؤμ

ѥå򥤥󥹥ȡ롢åץ졼ɡݤˡѥåƥब餻륹ץȤѥåΰȤƶ뤹뤳ȤǽǤ

ΥץȤϥѥå楨ꥢˤ preinstpostinstprerm postrm ȤեǤ Ŭʼ¹ԲǽեǤʤƤϤʤޤ ⤷餬ץ (ץȤǤ뤳Ȥ侩ޤ) ʤС ̾ԤƤ褦 #! ǻϤʤƤϤʤޤ ΥץȤϡïǤɤळȤȼ¹ԤǽǤʤФʤ餺 ïǤ񤭹߲ǽʥѡߥåǤäƤϤޤ

ѥåƥϤΥץȤνλơ򸫤ޤ ѥåƥब³ߤ褦ˡ 顼äˤϥץȤ 0 Ǥʤơǽλ褦ˤƤȤפǤ 륹ץȤǤ ۤȤɾ set -e ȤɬפȤȤ̣ޤ (ºݤˤϡ ̾亮륹ץȤ񤯾ϰ̤ˡΤ褦ˤޤ) Ƥޤäˡ0 ǤʤơǽλʤȤפǤ

ˡpostinst debconf Ѥƥ桼ȤäԤѥåǤϡȥ륨ꥢ config ץȤ򥤥󥹥ȡ뤹٤Ǥ ܺ٤ϡ 򻲾Ȥ

ѥååץ졼ɤˤϡåץ졼ɼ³δ֤˸ŤѥåȿѥåΥץȤȤ߹碌ƸƤӽФޤ ⤷ʤΥץȤȤƤʣˤʤäƤˤϡΤȤդץȤΰΥåɬפˤʤǤ礦

ޤ˸Сpreinst (ΥС) ѥå󥹥ȡ뤵ˡpostinst ϥ󥹥ȡ뤵줿˸ƤӽФޤprerm (С) ѥå ˡ postrm Ϻ줿˸ƤӽФޤ

ץȤƤФץϡ̾綠ΥץȤˤƥץ˥ѥĤƸƤӽФ٤ǤϤޤ 󥹥ȡ뤬Ϥޤˡѥåƥ ldconfigstart-stop-daemon install-info update-rc.d ʤɤΥץबꤵ줿 PATH ĶѿȯǤ뤫ɤåޤ Ǥ顢Υץ䡢PATH ˤ뤳ȤԤƤ⤤褦ʥץˤĤƤϡХѥ̾Ĥ˸ƤӽФ٤Ǥ ץȤ PATH ꥻåȤ٤ǤϤޤ󤬡 PATH ˡѥåФ̤ʥǥ쥯ȥդäȤˡΤΤϤޤޤ Τ褦ʹθϡºݤˤϡƤΥ륹ץȤФƤϤޤΤǤ

ƥʥץȤκ̤Ʊ

ƥʥץȤ̤ƱĤ褦ˤ뤳ȤϤȤƤפǤ

顼³Ǥ褦ˤ뤿ᡢץȤƱˤȤˡ٤ưƤ̵ǤʤФʤޤ ⤷ܤθƤӽФԤޤϲ餫ͳˤäߤ硢 ܤθƤӽФǤϰܤǼ¹ԤĤΤñ˼¹Ԥ ⤷⤫⤦ޤäʤơǽλ褦ˤ٤

줬٤ʤΤϡ桼 dpkg ؤγߤ䡢¾ͽ¬Ǥʤȯݤ dpkg Ƽ¹Ԥ褦Ȥ硢Ҥɤ줿ѥåĤʤ褦ˤ뤿Ǥ

Ǥ

ƥʥץȤΥߥʥ

ƥʥץȤ楿ߥʥ뤬֤Ǽ¹ԤƤꡢ桼ȤäǤ뤳ȤݾڤƤޤ ץȤμŪΤɸϤѥפǥ쥯ȤƤ礬뤿ᡢPerl ץȤǤϽϤХåե줺ľܽϤ褦 $|=1 ꤷƥХåեʤϥ⡼ɤˤ٤Ǥ

λơ

ƥץȤξˤϽλơ 0 ˡԤξˤ 0 ǤʤͤˤƵäƤϡ ѥåƥब饹ץȤνλơƻ뤷ƤꡢΥǡ˴ŤƼ˼٤Ƥ뤿Ǥ

ƥʥץȤθƤФΤޤȤ

new-preinst install new-preinst install old-version new-preinst upgrade old-version old-preinst abort-upgrade new-version

postinst configure most-recently-configured-version old-postinst abort-upgrade new-version ͤƤѥå postinst abort-remove in-favour package new-version postinst abort-remove ˴ѥå postinst abort-deconfigure in-favour failed-install-package version [removing conflicting-package version]

prerm remove old-prerm upgrade new-version new-prerm failed-upgrade old-version ͤƤѥå prerm remove in-favour package new-version ˴ѥå prerm deconfigure in-favour package-being-installed version [removing conflicting-package version]

postrm remove postrm purge old-postrm upgrade new-version new-postrm failed-upgrade old-version new-postrm abort-install new-postrm abort-install old-version new-postrm abort-upgrade old-version ѥå postrm disappear overwriter overwriter-version

󥹥ȡȥåץ졼ȻΥѥåŸʳξܺ

󥹥ȡ롿åץ졼ɡ񤭡õ (ʤ dpkg --unpack äƤȤޤ dpkg --install ŸʳΤȤ) μ³ϲ̤ˤʤޤɤΤ褦ʾˤƤ⡢ ⤷顼 (ξ) Ǥưϡ̤˵Ǥ ϡץȤۤʤǵս餵ȤȤǤ Τ褦ʸƤӽФϰʹߤǤϡ֥顼׸ƤӽФȤƵƤޤ оݤȤʤѥåΡС󤬴 󥹥ȡ뤵ƤϼθƤӽФ򤷤ޤ old-prerm upgrade new-version ⤷줬顼Ȥʤä (Ĥޤꡢ ǤʤλơǤä) dpkg Ϥ˼θƤӽФ򤷤ޤ new-prerm failed-upgrade old-version 줬ưʤ顢åץ졼ɺȤ³ޤ ޤʤʤ顢顼ϼ̤Ǥ old-postinst abort-upgrade new-version 줬ưʤ顢"old-version" 󥹥ȡ뤵Ƥޤưʤʤ顢 "old-version" "Failed-Config" ֤ˤʤäƤޤ ־ͤ (conflicting)ץѥåƱ˺硢 ޤϤ줫ΥѥåƤ (Breaks Τ) ˤ --auto-deconfigure ꤵƤ硢 Breaks ˴ѥåơФʲƤӽФޤ ˴ѥå prerm deconfigure \ in-favour package-being-installed version ΤȤΥ顼 ˴ѥå postinst abort-deconfigure \ in-favour package-being-installed-but-failed version Ǥ⤷--install Ȥ줿Ф˺ǽȤƤᡢ˴ (deconfigured) 줿ѥåˤ׵᤹ޡդޤ ⤷κ褦ȤƤͤѥå˰¸ѥåꡢ --auto-deconfigure ꤵƤʤС γƥѥåˤĤơθƤӽФԤʤޤ ˴ѥå prerm deconfigure \ in-favour package-being-installed version \ removing conflicting-package version ΤȤΥ顼 ˴ѥå postinst abort-deconfigure \ in-favour package-being-installed-but-failed version \ removing conflicting-package version Ǥ⤷--install Ȥ줿Ф˺ǽȤƤᡢ ˴ (deconfigured) 줿ѥåˤ׵᤹ޡդޤ ͤƤѥå뤿νȤơƥѥåФƼθƤӽФԤޤ ͤƤѥå prerm remove \ in-favour package new-version ΤȤΥ顼 ͤƤѥå postinst abort-remove \ in-favour package new-version Ǥ ѥååץ졼ɤˤϡθƤӽФԤޤ new-preinst upgrade old-version 餬Ԥ硢 new-postrm abort-upgrade old-version ƤӤޤ

줬ェλ硢 old-postinst abort-upgrade new-version ƤӤޤˤ줬ェλ硢С "Installed" ֤ˤʤäƤꡢェλʤ "Unpacked" ֤ΤޤޤˤʤäƤޤ

줬Ԥ硢С "Half-Installed" ֤ǻĤäƤޤ

ǤϤʤ硢⤷ΥѥåΰΥС󤫤ե뤬ä (ʤեΤߡפξ֤ˤä) ʤСθƤӽФԤޤ new-preinst install old-version ΤȤΥ顼 new-postrm abort-install old-version Ǥ줬ェλʤ硢ѥå "Half-Installed" ֤ǻĤäƤꡢνˤϺƥ󥹥ȡ뤬ɬפˤʤޤ ェλˤϡѥå "Config Files" ֤ˤʤäƤޤ Ǥʤ (ĤޤꡢΥѥåƤ) 硢θƤӽФԤޤ new-preinst install ΤȤΥ顼 new-postrm abort-install Ǥ줬ェλʤ硢ѥå "Half-Installed" ֤ǻĤäƤꡢνˤϺƥ󥹥ȡ뤬ɬפˤʤޤ ェλˤϡѥå̤󥹥ȡ ֤ˤʤäƤޤ

ѥåΥե뤬Ÿ졢ƥ˴ˤե롢㤨ƱѥåθŤС󤫤Υե䡢 ¾ΥѥåΥե˾񤭤ޤ ŤեΥХååפŪݻ졢⤷꤬Хѥåƥब顼ΰȤƤ򸵤᤽Ȥޤ

ѥåߥƥˤ̤Υѥå եƱ̾ΥեޤǤ硢Replaces ( ) ꤵƤʤˤϥ顼ˤʤޤ

ѥåˤȤäƤäȿʥ顼ȤʤΤϡ¾ΥѥåΥǥ쥯ȥ꤬ Υѥå̤ΥեۤΥǥ쥯ȥǤʤ褦ʪޤǤǤ (Ǥ⡢Replaces ȤƤʤˤƤǤ)⤷˾ʤ顢 --force-overwrite-dir ȤäƤΥ顼̵ˤ뤳ȤǤޤϴޤ

ߤΥե˾񤭤ѥåϡŪ˷ޤΤǤϤ뤱ɤ⡢ƥԤˤ򤷤񤤤򤷤ޤ ξ֤Ǥϡñ˥ץָ׻֤ޤ 㤨С¾ΥѥåΥե˾񤭤褦ʥѥå򥤥󥹥ȡ뤷ơ줫顢Υѥå뤳ȤǤΤ褦 ָ

Τΰϡ餯dpkg ΥХȤƤưΤǤ

ޤ

ǥ쥯ȥϡ褷ƥǥ쥯ȥؤΥܥå󥯤֤äƤޤȤϤޤ󤷡εդ⤢ޤ Τˡߤ (ܥå󥯤ǤΤݤ) ϤΤޤޤˤơܥå󥯤ξ dpkg ϤΥ󥯤򤿤ɤޤ

⤷ѥååץ졼ɤƤʤ顢θƤӽФԤʤޤ old-postrm upgrade new-version --> ⤷˼Ԥ顢dpkg ϼθƤӽФߤޤ new-postrm failed-upgrade old-version 줬ェλ硢󥹥ȡ³Ԥޤ ޤʤˤϡ顼 old-preinst abort-upgrade new-version Ǥ줬Ԥ硢ѥå "Half-Installed" ֤ǻĤäƤޤ줬ェλ硢dpkg ϼˡ new-postrm abort-upgrade old-version ¹Ԥޤ줬Ԥ硢ѥå "Half-Installed" ֤ǻĤäƤޤ 줬ェλ硢dpkg ϼˡ old-postinst abort-upgrade new-version ¹Ԥޤ줬Ԥ硢С "Unpacked" ֤ˤʤäƤޤ

ʤʤݥȤǤdpkg ˿ʤȡ顼äˤ⤳ΥݥȤˤޤ ξ硢ѥå˰֤ǻĤꡢ 򤭤줤ˤ뤿ˤϡƥ󥹥ȡɬפޤ Ǥ dpkg 뤳ȤΤǤʤȤϤǤ

ŤСΥѥåˤϤäơΤˤ̵եϺޤ եꥹȤŤΤ鿷Τ֤ޤ ƥʥץȤǡŤΤ֤ޤ

ѥå°ե뤬󥹥ȡδ֤ƾ񤭤졢¸׵̵褦ʾ硢ΥѥåϺ줿ȸʤޤ Τ褦ʥѥå줾Фơ dpkg ϼθƤӽФԤʤޤ disappearer's-postrm disappear \ overwriter overwriter-version ѥåץȤޤ ѥå֤Υǡ١ˤϡʾ֡Ĥޤꥤ󥹥ȡ뤵ƤʤΤȤƵϿޤ (ΥѥåäƤե뤬С dpkg ˤäƺΤǤϤʤ̵뤵ޤ) dpkg äơΥѥå줽ʤΤɤΤʤΤǡ ѥå `prerm' ƤӽФʤȤȤդƤ

Ÿ褦ȤƤѥåˤäơ¾ΥѥåΥեꥹȤˤ⵭ƤƤΥեϡΥꥹȤޤ (ˤꡢ⤷־ͤץѥåСξͤѥåΥեꥹȤޤ) ޤǤΥ󥹥ȡȤǺƤХååץեõޤ

ѥåξ֤ϡǤˤʤäƤޤΤǡŸ (unpacked)פȤƵϿޤ

ʤʤݥȤǤ ⤷ͤѥåκ˼ԤФǤ⡢줫Υ󥹥ȡȤ᤹褦ʤȤϤޤ ͤѥåȾʬ줿˴֤ǻĤäƤޤޤ

⤷ͤѥåС˵ܤκȤذܤꡢ¹Ԥޤ ȤϾͤѥåΥե뤳ȤϤޤޤ (󥹥ȡ뤵줿ѥåˤ⤢եϡǤ˾ͤѥåΥեꥹȤƤΤǡ κݤ˺ƤޤȤϤޤ)

ξܺ

ѥåꤹ (ξ dpkg --install dpkg --configure ǵޤ) Ȥޤ conffile 򹹿줫鼡θƤӽФԤޤ postinst configure most-recently-configured-version

˥顼ä塢ϹԤޤ˼Ԥ硢ѥå "Failed Config" ֤ˤʤäƤꡢ顼åޤ

⤷Ƕꤵ줿С (θƤӽФ most-recently-configured-version) ¸ߤʤС dpkg ϰȤƲϤޤ

ˤ˴ؤȤƤŤ (1997 ǯ) С dpkg Ǥϡξ <unknown> (ޤ) ϤƤޤ ˸ŤΤǤϡɤΤ褦ʾˤƤܤΰȤƲϤޤǤ ޤǸŤ dpkg ΥСѤåץ졼ɤϡ postinst ץǤξΰνθƤȤƤ⡢Τۤͳ⤢äưȤϴԤǤޤ

δξܺ

prerm remove

⤷prerm (conflict) Τ֤˼Ԥ硢 conflictor's-postinst abort-remove \ in-favour package new-version ޤϡ postinst abort-remove ¹Ԥޤ

줬ェλʤ硢ѥå "Failed-Config" ֤"Installed" ֤ΤޤޤΤ줫ˤʤޤ

ѥåΥե (conffile ) ޤ

postrm remove

Ԥ˥顼򴬤᤹ˡϤޤ󡣥ѥå "Half-Installed" ֤ȤʤäƤޤ

postrm ʳΥƥʥץȤƺޤ

⤷ѥåƤΤǤʤСǻߤޤޤ ѥå postrm conffile ʤΤǤС (remove) ȴ (purge) ˤ dpkg ξְʳ˰㤤̵ΤǡưŪ˴뤳ȤդƤ

conffile ƤΥХååץե (~ ե롢 #*# ե롢% ե롢 .dpkg-{old,new,tmp} ʤ) ޤ

postrm purge

줬Ԥ硢ѥå "Config-Files" ֤ΤޤޤˤʤäƤޤ

ѥåΥեꥹȤޤ

ѥå֤δϢ طեɤν

ΥեɤŪʽ񼰤ޤ ϥޤǶڤ줿ѥå̾ΥꥹȤǤ

ѥå DependsRecommends SuggestsPre-DependsBuild-Depends ڤ Build-Depends-Indep γƥȥեե (¾Υѥå˰¸طե) ˵Ҥѥå̾ϡإѥå̾ΰǤ⤫ޤޤ إѥå̾ϡ ľСܥ | (ѥץܥ) Ƕڤäƽ񤭤ޤ ξ硢ǤդإѥåΰĤ󥹥ȡ뤵ƤФʬΰ¸طƤΤȽǤޤ

Provides ʳΤ٤ƤΥեɤǤϡѥå̾ȤˤΥСꤹ뤳ȤǤޤ λϡƥѥå̾θ³äǹԤʤ졢ΤäˤϡΰǼ (Сֹ) طɽȡ³ ǵܤ줿񼰤˽äСֹ򡢵Ҥޤ

Сֹδط򼨤˻Ѥ뵭ϡ<< <==>= ڤ >> ǡˡ֤꾮סְʲססְʾס֤礭 ̣Ƥޤѻߤˤʤäν < > Ϥ줾ְʲסְʾ Ȥ̣Ǥäơ֤꾮פޤϡ֤礭 Ȥ̣ǤϤޤ󡣿ѥåǤϡ < > ϻȤ٤ǤϤޤ (dpkg Ϥޤν񼰤򥵥ݡȤƤϤޤ)

ϡ Ǥε˽ä СΤɤʬƤ⤫ޤޤ󡣤ޤ ɬפʤжƤޤΤʤФޤ ˤʾΰ̣Ϥޤ ط򼨤եɤʣԤϤäƤ⤫ޤޤ ʤǡΰ䡢 dpkg ѹ򸫱ۤơ СطθĤޤСֹˡĤ뤳Ȥ侩ޤ ԤȤơޤΤȤ˶졢ѥץܥ| ξ¦ˤޤޤ̤ˤޤ ط򼨤եɤԤˤϡԤȤƥޤθ夫ޤ³ǹԤʤޤ

¸طΥꥹȤ򼡤˼ޤ Package: mutt Version: 1.3.17-1 Depends: libc6 (>= 2.2.1), exim | mail-transport-agent

ӥɻΥѥå֤δϢ򼨤ƤΥե (Build-DependsBuild-Depends-Indep Build-Conflicts ڤ Build-Conflicts-Indep) ϡΥƥΥåȤ˸ꤷƤ⤫ޤޤ ϡ줾Υѥå̾ȥץΥСθˡ ѳ̤ǤϤǻꤷޤѳ̤ΤʤˤϡǶڤ줿 Debian ƥ̾ΥꥹȤޤò (!) Ĥޤʣγƥƥ֤̾ȤǤޤ (̾˴ò֤¾֤̾ʤȤϵޤ) ⤷ߤ Debian ۥȤΥƥ㤬ΥꥹȤ̵òΤĤ̵硢⤷ϴòդǤΥꥹˤˤϡ Υѥå̾ȥСϥѥå֤δϢ뤿ˤϻȤ줺̵뤵ޤ

򼡤˼ޤ Source: glibc Build-Depends-Indep: texinfo Build-Depends: kernel-headers-2.2.10 [!hurd-i386], hurd-dev [hurd-i386], gnumach-dev [hurd-i386]

դƤۤΤϡХʥѥåΰ¸ط㤨 Depends ʤɡϥȥեΤΰĤΥХʥѥåǻꤵ졢ۻΰ¸ط㤨 Build-Depends ϥȥեΥѥå (ǽΥǤ) ǻꤵ뤳ȤǤ

Хʥΰ¸ط - Depends RecommendsSuggestsEnhances Pre-Depends

ƥѥåϡΥȥեǡ Ʊ˥󥹥ȡ뤹뤳ȤǤʤѥå䡢 ¾Υѥå¸ߤ˰¸Ƥꡢ ¾Υѥå¸ߤƤ礽Υե񤭤ʤɡ ¾ѥåȤδϢŤ뤳ȤǤޤ

ˤϡȥե Depends Pre-DependsRecommendsSuggests EnhancesBreaksConflicts եɤѤޤ

μĤΥեɤϡѥå¾ΥѥåȤΰ¸ط뤿˻Ѥޤ ΥեɤϡEnhances Breaks ơ¸¦ΥѥåΥȥե˵Ҥޤ Enhances Ͽ侩¦ΥѥåΥȥե˵Ҥޤ Breaks ϤΥѥå˰¸ѥåΥС˵Ҥ졢 оݥѥåܥСǤưʤȤ򼨤ޤ

Depends եɤϥѥå ꤹˤ ͭǤΰ¸طϡ¸طʤѥå ̤ʾ֤ǥƥ˥󥹥ȡ뤵뤳Ȥ˸ޤ Ǥ˰¸ط졢󥹥ȡ뤵Ƥѥå ¸طƤʤޤʤ褦̤ΥСΥѥå֤뤳ȤǤޤ ξϡ̤Τޤ (ꤷ褦Ȥȥ顼֤ޤΤ) ǤΤǡưʤǤ礦 ɬפ˱ѥåŸƤʤˤʬŪͭ Pre-Depends ȤȤǤޤ ˤĤƤϰʹߤǾܤޤ¾λĤΰ¸ط RecommendsSuggests Enhances dpkg γƼեȥ (㤨 apt-get) Ȥޤ

ΤᡢǽΥ󥹥ȡˤϤ٤ƤΥѥåޤŸơθ夹٤ƤΥѥå (configure) ޤ 뤳Ȥˤäơ¸Υƥ¸ߤʤ СΥѥå˰¸طƤ뿷ѥåΰ¸طȤǤޤ

¸ط롼פˤʤäƤˤϡ󥹥ȡȺνϰ¸طºŤǤϹԤȤǤʤäꡢ ¸طΥ롼פɤͽۤǤʤ줿ꡢΥѥå󥹥ȡ˰¸طƤ뤳ȤԤǤʤʤޤ ΤʤΤ줬뤫ϡΰ¸طΥ롼פɤ¦뤫ˤޤ ⤷롼פƤѥåΰĤ postinst ץȤޤǤʤ硢롼פؤϤΥѥåˤޤ ϡ¸طŬڤꤵƤǽǤä postinst ץȤ٤Ƽ¹Ԥ褦ݾڤ褦ȤƤ뤿Ǥ 嵭ξ郎ʤ硢ˤݥȤͽ¬Ǥޤ

Τ褦ˡDepends եɤˤäơѥåΥƥʤϥѥåǤޤ

ޤĤΰ¸طեɤΰ̣ϲ̤Ǥ Depends

ϡ˰¸ѥåޤ ѥå Depends 󤵤줿ѥåΤ٤ƤꤵƤʤǤޤ

Depends եɤϰ¸¦Υѥå μפʵǽ󶡤뤿˰¸¦Υѥåɬפˤʤ˻ꤹ٤Ǥ

Depends postinstprerm ڤ postrm γƥץȤ¹Ԥ뤿Υѥåɬפˤʤˤꤹ٤Ǥ âpostrm purge κݤˤ Essential Ǥʤѥå˰¸뤳ȤϤǤޤ

Recommends

¸طɤ⡢ФȤۤɤǤϤʤ¸طξޤ

Recommends եɤˤϡ̤ʾǤʤ˻Ѥѥå񤫤ޤ

Suggests Ĥޤʣ¾Υѥå¸ߤȤΥѥå˻Ȥ硢ΰ¸طޤ Υեɤϥѥåƥȥ桼ˡ 󤵤줿ѥåϤΥѥå˴Ϣꡢ 餯ΥѥåͭǤɤ⡢ 󤵤줿ѥå򥤥󥹥ȡ뤷ʤȤ꤬ʤȤ򶵤ޤ Enhances Υեɤ `Suggests' ˻Ƥޤո˺Ѥޤ ϡΥѥå󤵤줿ѥåͭȤ˻ꤷޤ Pre-Depends

Υեɤ Depends ȻƤޤΰ¸طŪΥѥåΥ󥹥ȡˡ԰¸ (predependency) ѥåδʥ󥹥ȡ dpkg ˶ޤ

԰¸ꤷѥå Ÿ 褦Ȥݡ԰¸طϰ¸줿ѥåꤵƤ硢԰¸Ƥѥå () ΤǤꤵ졢ʸʬŪ⤵Ƥʤˤϡ ΥѥåŸȾüꤵƤ֤ äƤ ޤ ξϡꤵƤѥåΥСȡŸ줿ޤϤꤵ줿СȤξPre-Depends եɤΥСʬƤɬפޤ

԰¸ѥå 褦Ȥ硢԰¸ط̾ Depends Ʊʤ¸ѥåѤǤˤΤƤȽǤޤ ϡ̾ Depends ξƱǤ

Pre-Depends Ѥ٤ǤϤʤ ˾ޤоݤȤʤѥåԴʹ䥤󥹥ȡ뤬 ƥǿʹιȤ³˸ȤʤΤߤ˻Ѥ褦ˤ٤Ǥ

Pre-Depends ϡpreinst ץȤꤵ줿ѥå˰¸Ƥˤɬפˤʤޤ âξϤǤ򤱤ΤǤ

¸طΥ٥򤹤ˤäơΥѥåεǽˤư¸ѥåεǽɤٽפʤΤͤ٤Ǥ ѥå٤ΰۤʤ뤤Ĥʤ鹽ƤȤޤ ΤȤγʤΤʤǤ٤ι⤤ΤɬפȤ褦ʥѥå Depends Ȥ󤹤٤Ǥ ΤۤʬɬפȤѥåϡʤŪʽˤä Suggests ʤꡢRecommends ȤƻȤ뤳Ȥˤʤޤ

¾Υѥåѥå - Breaks

Breaks Ѥ Debian εС󤫤Υåץ졼ɤ򵯤ΤʤᡢǤ Debian Breaks ݡȤޤѤ٤ǤϤޤ

Хʥѥå¾硢dpkg ˤꡢ줿ѥåޤǤ Breaks ѥåεĤݤޤ ޤ줿ѥåκݤޤ

ѥåϡե뤬󥹥ȡ뤵Ƥξ֤ǡȤϸʤޤ ʤȤ half-installed ʾξ֤Ǥɬפޤ

̤㳰ȤơʬȤΥѥå̾䡢ѥå󶡤벾ۥѥåƤ뤳Ȥ礬ޤ ϼºݤΡֲפȤϸʤޤ

̾ϡBreaks ȥˤϡ֤ΥС ꤹޤΤ褦 Breaks ϡŪ뤤ϰżŪʰ¸ط餫 ΡֲƤץСΥѥåΥХ򸲺߲Ƥޤʤɤͳǻꤵޤ Τ褦 Breaks ˡϹ٤ʥѥåġˡ ֲƤץѥåǤ˥åץ졼ɤʤФʤʤȤޤ

ѥåݡѥåΰΥե񤭤硢 ࡼ˿ʤ褦 Replaces (Conflicts ǤϤʤ) ꤹ٤Ǥ

礹Хʥѥå - Conflicts

Хʥѥå¾ΥѥåȤζط Conflicts եɤȤäƤ硢 dpkg ϡĤΥѥåƱ˥󥹥ȡ뤹뤳Ȥݤޤ

Τ褦ʥѥå򥤥󥹥ȡ뤹ˤϡ⤦ΥѥåޤʤФޤ ºݤưȤƤϡ󥹥ȡ뤷褦ȤƤѥåˡƥˤѥå֤ ( ) 褦˥ޡդƤ硢ƥ˥󥹥ȡ뤵Ƥѥå褦ޡդƤ硢ޤξΥѥå Essential ȤƤϡ dpkg ϡطθȤʤäƤѥåưŪ˺ޤ Ǥʤϡ顼ϤѥåΥ󥹥ȡߤޤ äˡ󥹥ȡ뤵Ƥѥå Essential Ǥꡢ󥹥ȡ뤷褦ȤѥåǤʤ 顼Ϥ褦ˤʤäƤޤ

ѥåñեΤߤޤ󥹥ȡ뤵Ƥ˶طҤȤϤޤ طˤ뤿ˤϺǤ half-installed ξ֤ǤʤФޤ

󥹥ȡΥѥåȤ̾䤽켫Ȥ󶡤벾ۥѥå ( 򻲾ȤƤ) ȤζطƤü㳰Ǥξ硢 Τ褦ʥѥåΥ󥹥ȡ뤬˸뤳ȤϤޤ ޤΥѥåִ¾Υѥåȶ礵뤳ȤǤޤ оݤΥѥåεǽ󶡤褦˻ꤷȤˡΤ褦Ѥޤ

Conflicts եɤϡۤȤɾ˥Сֹλˡ֤ŤפȤޤ٤ǤϤޤ Τ褦ʻԤȡdpkg ϡζطƤѥå뤫åץ졼ɤޤǤΥѥåΥ󥹥ȡޤϥåץ졼ɤߤޤ ˤξ (Debian ΰǤǥݡȤ켡) Breaks ȤȤǤޤ

ۥѥå - Provides

ºݤ¸ߤ (Ū) ѥåƱ͡ѥåδϢ򵭽Ҥե DependsRecommendsSuggests EnhancesPre-DependsBreaksConflicts Build-DependsBuild-Depends-Indep Build-Conflicts ڤ Build-Conflicts-Indep ˤϡۥѥå̾򵭽Ҥ뤳ȤǤޤ

βۥѥå̾ϡѥåΥȥեΡ Provides եɤ˽񤫤ΤǤ ˤäơΥѥåβۥѥå̾񤫤ƤȤ٤Ƥ˥ꥹȤȤˤʤޤ ( )

Ʊ̾μΤΤѥåȲۥѥå¸ߤƤ硢̾ļΤΤѥåȡ ̾βۥѥå󶡤¾μΤΤѥåΤɤˤäƤ⡢¸ط­줿궥طȯꤷޤ㤨С Package: foo Depends: bar Ȥѥåä硢¾οͤ bar ѥåβǤ꡼ݤˤ Package: bar-plus Provides: bar Ȥ bar-plus foo ΰ¸طȤǤޤ

¸ط򼨤եɤ˥Сֹ椬դƤϡ طƤ뤫ɤ (뤤ϡطƤʤޤ ֲפƤʤ) 򸫤ΤˤϡºߤΥѥåθޤ ۥѥå󶡤ºߤΥѥåϡץСֹǤϤʤȸʤޤ äơProvides եɤˤϡСֹޤǤϤޤ ޤۥѥåȤζޤϰ¸طꤹȤˤϡβۥѥå󶡤ºݤΥѥåΥСֹϻȤޤ

Ūˤϡdpkg 󶡤벾ۥѥåΥСֹꤹ뵡ǽղä뤳ȤˤʤȤϻפޤ εǽϺϤޤƤޤ󤷡ޤϤä˻ȤʤȤȻפޤ

벾ۥѥå˴ؤ¸طμºݤΥѥåνꤷʤФʤʤȤˤϡ ۥѥå̾ˡإѥåȤƻȤºݤΥѥå̾ե󤷤Ƥ

եξ񤭤ȥѥåִ - Replaces

ѥå¾ΥѥåΥե񤭤롢ޤ¾Υѥå֤뤳Ȥ뤳ȤǤޤ ȥե Replaces եɤϡۤʤäǺѤĤΰۤʤäŪäƤޤ

¾ΥѥåΰΥե񤭤

ޤǸڤ褦ˡƥ¾Υѥå˴ޤޤƤե 󥹥ȡ뤷褦ȤѥåޤǤ륱ϡ̾泌顼Ǥ

âǡ񤭤ѥå񤭤褦ȤƤե Replaces (ִ) Ƥ硢dpkg Ϥν¹ԤŤѥåΥե򿷤ե֤ޤ ΥեϸŤѥåνͭꥹȤϺޤ

Τ褦ˤơѥå֤ƤޤäȤϡ dpkg ϤΥѥåäƤե뤬̵ ؾäƤޤä٤ȹͤޤξ硢ɬפȤƤʤ (򤬤줿) ӡ֥󥹥ȡ뤵Ƥʤ ȤΥޡŤѥåդޤ Υѥå conffile طξܺ٤̵뤵ޤ ϡѥåˤäưѤƤǤ ǽŪݽɬפǤСΥѥå postrm ץȤɬפ˱Ƽ¹Ԥ뤳ȤˤʤǤ礦 򤴤󤯤

Replaces ϰ̹Ԥΰ¸طǤ ִѥåθǡִѥå򥤥󥹥ȡ뤹뤳ȤǤޤ

Replaces ΤλȤǤϡۥѥå ( ) Replaces եɤ ȤˤϹθޤ - ֤Ƥ ѥåϤμºݤ̾ǸڤƤʤФʤޤ

դäƤȡReplaces եɤΤ褦˻ȤΤϡ ĤΥѥåŪˤ襷ƥƱ¸ߤǤ ĤޤꡢΥѥå϶طˤʤޤϤζطǤ˾񤭤ƲäƤǤ

ѥåΤκȼִ

⤦ĤϡReplaces 礬ݤ˥ѥåƥˤɤΥѥåΤؼǤ ˤĤƤ 򻲾Ȥ λȤͭʤΤϡĤΥѥå ºݤ˶礷Ƥ Ǥ äơξˡȤξ礬ߤ˴Ĥ뤳ȤϤޤ

ξ硢ִ뤳Ȥꤵ줿ѥåϲۥѥåǤ⤫ޤޤ 㤨Сƥ᡼ (MTA) ϥȥե˲Τ褦˵Ҥ뤳Ȥ Provides: mail-transport-agent Conflicts: mail-transport-agent Replaces: mail-transport-agent MTA ٤˰Ĥ󥹥ȡ뤵Ƥ褦ˤ뤳ȤǤޤ ѥåȥХʥѥå֤δϢ - Build-DependsBuild-Depends-Indep Build-ConflictsBuild-Conflicts-Indep

ѥåХʥѥåӥɤݤˡΥѥå¸ߤɬפǤ롢 ޤ¸ߤƤϤʤȤؼ뤿ˡѥåϥХʥѥåФط뤳ȤǤޤ

ϥȥե Build-Depends Build-Depends-IndepBuild-Conflicts ڤ Build-Conflicts-Indep եեɤȤäƻꤷޤ

"build-essential" °ӥɻΰ¸طεܤϾάǤޤ ܺ٤ 򻲾Ȥ

λؼ줿¸Ӷط (嵭ΥХʥѥåξƱ) ʲǵܤ褦ˡdebian/rules ΥåȤư뤿ƤʤФޤ

"build-arch" ޤ "binary-arch" ˤϡ Build-Depends ɬפǤ"build-indep" ޤ "binary-indep" ˤϡBuild-Depends Build-Depends-Indep ɬפǤ "build" ޤ "binary" ˤϡξɬפǤ

Build-Depends-Arch Ϥޤ󡣤εǽϡBuild-Depends Τߤޤbuild-indep ڤ binary-indep åȤӥɤ褦Ȥ뤳Ȥϡ ŪˤϥѥåΤӥɤƤ뤳Ȥǡ ӥɤΰ¸طɬפʤΤϤ٤ƥ󥹥ȡ뤵뤫Ǥ ȥӥϡdpkg-buildpackage -B Ѥޤ ϡbuild (build-arch ǤϤޤ λǤϡΥåȤ̵ͭȽԤˡʤǤ) binary-arch ˼¹Ԥޤ

ʬΥδŪŪϡΤȥӥ binary-indep Τɬפɲåѥå򥤥󥹥ȡ뤷ʤƺѤ褦ˤ뤿ǤäȵƤޤ âؤɤκȤ build åȤκǤꡢbinary åȤκǤϤޤ󤫤顢build-arch/build-indep ʬΥʤǤϡϰ̣ʤޤ

Build-Depends, Build-Conflicts Build-Depends Build-Conflicts եɤ buildcleanbinary binary-archbuild-arch build-indep binary-indep Τɤ줫ΥåȤưݤƤʤФޤ Build-Depends-Indep, Build-Conflicts-Indep Build-Depends-Indep Build-Conflicts-Indep եɤ buildcleanbuild-indep binary binary-indep Τ줫ΥåȤưݤˤƤʤФޤ

ͭ饤֥

ͭ饤֥ޤѥåξ硢ζͭ饤֥꤬Ĥͤ˻ѲǽȤʤ褦¿դʧäƺʤФʤޤ Ȥ櫓C 饤֥ (ߤ libc6 Ǥ) ʤɤΥƥ౿Ѥ˴ؤפʶͭ饤֥ΤȤäˤΤȤϽפǤ

ͭ饤֥ޤѥåϡʣΥХʥѥåʬ䤹٤Ǥ ǤϤʬԤνˤĤưޤ ͭ饤֥ѥå˴ޤեˤĤƤε§ϡ ǰޤ

󥿥ඦͭ饤֥

󥿥ඦͭ饤֥ΥѥåϡϿ줿֥ͭȤΥСѹ뤿Ӥˡѥå̾Τѹɬפޤ

ʣΥСΥѥå򡢶ͭ饤֥󶡤ΤߤŪǥ󥹥ȡ뤹뤳ȤϤ褯뤳ȤǤ顢 ޤޥСդΥǥ쥯ȥ֤ƤΤǤʤ¤ꡢС˰¸ʤɲäΥե֤ʤ褦ˤΤŬڤʤǤ

¸äȤ̤Τϡ󥿥ඦͭ饤֥ϡ librarynamesoversion Ȥ̾ΤΥѥå˼Ͽޤ soversion ʬϡͭ饤֥ .so ե̾ΥСֹʬǤ

.so ե̾ (soname) ϶ͭ饤֥ζ֥ͭ̾Ǥ ϥץκȥʥߥå󥫤ץ¹Ԥݤ˰פʤФʤʤΤǤ 㤨С饤֥ .so ե̾ libfoo.so.6 ʤСѥå̾ libfoo6 ˤʤޤ

Фơlibraryname soversion ľղäȺ𤹤 (㤨С libraryname ΤǽäƤʤ) ˤϡ libraryname-soversion libraryname-soversion-dev Ѥ뤳ȤǤޤ

ĤΥĥ꡼ʣζͭ饤֥ӥɤˤϡ.so ե̾礷Ѥ褦ˤ

ϡΤޤȤ᤿ͭ饤֥귲ʣСƱ˥󥹥ȡ뤹ݤˡե̾ͤʤ褦ˤ뤿Ǥ

Ȥǡʣζͭ饤֥ĤΥѥåˤޤȤޤ

ѥåϡͭ饤֥̤̾ǥ󥹥ȡ뤹٤Ǥ 㤨Сѥå libgdbm1 libgdbm.so.3.0.0 /usr/lib/libgdbm.so.3.0.0 إ󥹥ȡ뤹٤Ǥ Υե prerm postrm ץȤ̾ѹꡢƥ󥯤ꤹ٤ǤϤޤ dpkg ¹Υץ˱ƶʤ褦ˡդƥե̾ѹʤɤκȤ¹Ԥޤ ȶ礹褦ʽϤ餯򵯤Ǥ礦

ͭ饤֥ˤϼ¹°ĤʤǤ ʥߥå󥫤Ϥ°ɬפȤޤ󤷡ͭ饤֥¹Ԥ褦ȤƤ̾拾פˤʤǤ

󥿥饤֥ѥå ldconfig κ붦ͭ饤֥ѤΥܥå󥯤ޤ٤Ǥ 㤨Сlibgdbmg1 ѥåϡ /usr/lib/libgdbm.so.3 libgdbm.so.3.0.0 ޤ٤Ǥ줬ɬפʤΤϡdpkg 饤֥򥤥󥹥ȡ뤷Ƥ postinst ldconfig ¹ԤޤǤδ֤˥ʥߥå (㤨Сld.so ld-linux.so.*) Υ饤֥򸫤Ĥ뤳ȤǤ褦ˤ뤿

ѥåƥǤϡ.deb եǤΥ饤֥ϡؤΥܥå󥯤֤֤Ƥ뤳Ȥ׵ᤷƤޤ ϡdpkg (ŤСΥ饤֥ؤܥå󥯤񤭤뤳Ȥˤä) ܥå󥯤򥤥󥹥ȡ뤹ǡͭ饤֥꤬¸ߤƤ뤳Ȥݾڤ뤿Ǥ ϡϥܥå󥯤˰ŪʥѥåѤΥǥ쥯ȥ˥饤֥뤳ȤǼ¸Ƥޤ ˤϤĤǤǽʤȤȸ櫓ǤϤޤǤ ȤΤϡ.deb tar եκϥե륷ƥΤդޤ礭¸뤫Ǥ (reiserfs Τ褦) ե륷ƥϥե֤ˤʤʤ褦ˡե¤Ӵޤ ꡼ 1.7.0 ʹߡѥå dpkg ưŪ˥ե뤽켫Ȥ¤Ӵ褦ˤʤΤǡΥեθȤϽפǤϤʤʤäƤޤ

Ǥ

ldconfig

ʥߥå󥫤ɸΥǥ쥯ȥ (ߤ /usr/lib /lib Ǥ)ޤ /etc/ld.so.conf 󤵤줿ǥ쥯ȥ

ϡ߲Ǥ /usr/local/lib /usr/lib/libc5-compat /lib/libc5-compat

˥饤֥򥤥󥹥ȡ뤹ѥåϡ ͭ饤֥ꥷƥ򥢥åץǡȤ뤿 ldconfig ȤʤФޤ

ѥå postinst ץ ldconfig Ƥ֤Τϡʲξ˸¤ޤ postinst ץȤǽΰ configure ȤƸƤФ줿硢ץȤ ldconfig ƤФʤФޤ postinst ץȤǤϤʳκݤ ldconfig ƤǤ⤫ޤޤ postrm ץȤǽΰ remove ȤƸƤФ줿硢ץȤ ldconfig ƤФʤФޤ

󥹥ȡޤϥåץ졼ɤκݤˤϡpreinst Ͽե뤬󥹥ȡ뤹˸ƤФޤ顢 "ldconfig" Ƥ֤Ȥ̵̣Ǥ Ǥ˥󥹥ȡ뤵Ƥѥå preinst ϥåץ졼ɤԤݤˤƤФޤ϶ͭ饤֥꤬Ū̾Τǥǥˤ뤫⤷ʤ̯ʥߥ󥰤Ǥꡢ "ldconfig" Ƥ֤ȤϴǤ뤿ᡢݥꥷǤ϶ػߤƤޤ

ѥå󥹥ȡ뤢뤤ϥåץ졼ɤݤˤϡ "postinst configure" ե뤬ǥ֤줿ȤݾڤƤƤФޤ äơldconfig ̵ postinst ǸƤ֤Ȥϴ˰ǤѥåǤϰåʤñ postinst ldconfig 򵭺ܤƤꤢޤ postinst ϥåץ졼ɼԤκݤȤǤƤ֤ȤǤޤ ϿեΤɤ줫ѥå˼¹ԤޤΤǡ λ "ldconfig" Ƥ֤Ȥ̵̣Ǥ

褦ȤƤѥåξˤϡ ѥåΥե뤬Τޤޤξ֤ prerm ƤФޤ顢 "ldconfig" Ƥ֤Ȥ̵̣Ǥprerm ƤФ⤦Ĥξϥåץ졼ɤǡ ξѥåΥե뤬ǥˤ֤ǸƤФޤ "ldconfig" 򥳡뤹뤳ȤŪϤǤ

postrm remove ΰդǡե뤬줿ľ˸ƤФޤ顢postrm ƤФ줿ϡͭ饤֥󶡤Ƥѥå줿Ȥ򥷥ƥ ldconfig ѤΤŬڤʥߥ󥰤Ǥ postrm ϤʳˤĤξ˸Ƥ֤ȤǤޤ"postrm purge" "postrm abort-upgrade" ڤ "postrm abort-upgrade" ξˤϡ ͭ饤֥ϥǥˤʤΤ "ldconfig" ƤǤΩޤ󡣤ơ"postrm" "upgrade" "failed-upgrade" ޤ "disappear" ΰǸƤФƤݤˤϡ ͭ饤֥ϰŪ̾Τǥǥˤ뤫⤷ޤ

󥿥ॵݡȥե

ѥåˡ饤֥ζ֥ͭȤ˹碌Ƥѹʤեޤ硢ͭ饤֥ѥå˼ϿƤϤޤ ԤȡʣСζͭ饤֥ե̾ξͤʤ˥󥹥ȡ뤹뤳ȤǤʤʤꡢåץ졼ɤܹԤɬפ񤷤ʤޤ

ݡȥեȥ󥿥ॵݡȥץ (桼ưǼ¹Ԥɬפʤѥåưˤɬפʤ) ϡХʥʤ /usr/lib Υ֥ǥ쥯ȥʲ֤Ȥ侩ޤ /usr/lib/package-name ʲ˾ޤǤ ץե뤬ƥ¸ʤС侩γǼ /usr/share Υ֥ǥ쥯ȥ (/usr/share/package-name ˾ޤ) ˤʤޤʲ package-name ̾դε§ˤꡢ ֥ͭȥСѹ줿硢ե̾ѹ뤳ȤݾڤƤޤ

ͭ饤֥Ȥ饤֥ưˤɬפΤʤ󥿥ॵݡȥץࡢޤ϶ͭ饤֥ΥСˤ餺̤ƻѤեϡ Ωѥåˤ뤳Ȥ侩ޤΥѥå̾ libraryname-tools Ȥ̾ˤޤ ѥå̾ soversion ޤޤƤʤȤդƤ

եȥݡȥץǡ饤֥ȤץΥѥˤΤͭѤʤΤϡ饤֥γȯѥѥå˴ޤƤ 㤨Сpackage-name-config ץȤ pkg-config եΤ褦ʤΤǤ

ƥå饤֥

ƥå饤֥ (libraryname.a) ϡ̾ﶦͭ饤֥ʻ󶡤Ƥޤ ϡȯѥѥå () ˼ϿƤޤ

ξǤϡƥåǤΤߤΥ饤֥󶡤뤳Ȥޤ Τ褦ʾˤϰʲΤΤޤ

θζͭ饤֥ꥵݡȤʤƤ餺԰ʾ硣

饤֥Ф륤󥿡եޤήưŪäꡢȯξ (̾饤֥Υ᥸㡼Сֹ椬 0 Ǥ뤫ABI ѥå٥֤ѹ)

ήκԤΰտޤˤꡢƥåǤΤߤ󶡤褦ˤʤäƤ硣

ȯѥե

ͭ饤֥˴ϢȯѤΥեϡ librarynamesoversion-dev Ȥ̾ޤϰ٤˰ĤγȯѥСΤߤ򥵥ݡȤ libraryname-dev Ȥ̾Υѥå˼Ͽɬפޤ

ʣγȯѥ饤֥꤬¸ߤ硢ȯѤΥѥåϰ٤˰СΤߥ󥹥ȡ뤵뤳Ȥݾڤ뤿ᡢ餯 dpkg ζ (Conflict) ᥫ˥ ( ) ȤɬפǤ礦 ۤʤäȯѤΥѥåȤɤƱإåեĤȤ¿Ǥ顢ʾ򥤥󥹥ȡ뤷褦Ȥȥե̾ͤ뤿Ǥ

ȯѥѥåˤϡб붦ͭ饤֥ФСֹʤΥܥå󥯤ޤ٤Ǥ 㤨Сlibgdbmg1-dev ѥåˤϡ /usr/lib/libgdbm.so libgdbm.so.3.0.0 ؤΥܥå󥯤ޤ٤Ǥ Υܥå󥯤ϡ (ld) ѥå򥳥ѥ뤹ݤɬפˤʤޤ 󥫤ưŪѥ libgdbm.so ʤǤ

ƱΥ饤֥Υѥå֤ΰ¸ط

̾ȯѥСϡѥȥ󥯤Ԥᡢ󥿥饤֥ФΤʰ¸ط٤Ǥ ${binary:Version} ˤѿִŪˤǤ ${Source-Version} ѤƤޤ ̾ΤϺ򾷤 dpkg 1.13.19 侩Ȥʤޤ

饤֥¾ΥѥåȤΰ¸طΰ - shlibs ƥ

ѥåͭ饤֥ȥ󥯤Хʥ饤֥ޤ硢 ѥå򥷥ƥ˥󥹥ȡ뤹ݤˡɬפʤ٤ƤΥ饤֥ⶦ˥󥹥ȡ뤵褦ˤɬפޤ ׵ᤫ顢shlibs ƥबޤ ߷׾˴ñʤΤǤͭ饤֥ 󶡤 ѥåϤ٤ơ Υ饤֥ưݾڤ뤿ɬפʥѥå¸طξ󶡤ʤФʤ餺 ޤͭ饤֥ Ѥ ѥåϡ ζͭ饤֥꤬ɬפȤ¸طȽǤ뤿ˤξȤޤ ͭ饤֥꤫ɬפʰ¸طξؤбݻե shlibs եȸƤФޤ

äơͭ饤֥ޤѥåӥɤݤˤϡ¾ΥѥåȤ褦 shlibs 󶡤ʤФޤ ޤͭ饤֥䥳ѥ뤵줿ХʥޤѥåǤϡ Ф dpkg-shlibdeps ¹Ԥơ餬ȤäƤ饤֥ȡλѤȼäƤΥѥåɬפˤʤ¸طȽǤǤ褦ˤʤФޤ

ϥ󥯤줿ͭ饤֥ȽǤ ldd Ƥ֤ȤǹԤäƤޤߤ objdump ǹԤ褦ˤʤäƤޤ ȼͣѹϡѥåӥɻ˶ͭ饤֥ФƤ dpkg-shlibdeps μ¹ԤɬפˤʤäȤǡϰɬפǤ ΰʲǤϤˡˤĤ­ޤ

Хʥ foo 饤֥ libbar ˥󥯤Ƥ (ʤ󥯤ʳ -lbar ե饰ȤäƤ)ΥХʥϤΥ饤֥ ľ ȤäƤޤ libbar ɬפȤ뤽¾Υ饤֥ foo Ū 󥯤Ƥꡢʥߥå󥫤 libbar ɤݤ˼ưŪˤΥ饤֥ɤޤ Ū˻ȤƤ饤֥ϼưŪ˰Ƥ뤿ᡢ ѥå¸طꤹɬפΤľܥ󥯤Ƥ饤֥Ǥ

ldd ǤϡľܸƤФ饤֥ǤʤŪ˸ƤФ饤֥ɽƤޤȤ꤬ꡢ ηľܤΰ¸طȴŪʰ¸طξФƤޤ objdump ϡľܻȤ饤֥Ф褦ˤƤ򤷤ޤ

줬ʤΩĤΤ򼨤ɤȤơlibimlib (᥸㡼Сֹ򤽤ΤޤޤˤĤ) dgf ȤեåեޥåȤбС˹ͤޤ ⤷Ť ldd ˤˡѤȤС libimlib Ȥѥå libdgf ˤ¸褦˥ѥ뤷ʤʤФʤޤ ʤ missing symbols ȤʤäƼ¹ԤǤޤ ƥǤϡlibimlib Ȥ libdgf ؤΰ¸طΤǡ libimlib ȤäƤѥå libimlib ؤΰ¸طꤷƤСɬפޤ

ʲǤϡޤ shlibs õ٤ˤĤƵܤ dpkg-shlibdeps λȤˤĤơǸ shlibs եեޥåȤȡʤΥѥåͭ饤֥ޤݤˤΥեɤΤˤĤƤޤ

ƥ shlibs ե

shlibs õ٤ϴĤޤʲ dpkg-shlibdeps ɤޤˡξ󤷤ΤǤ ǽ˸Ĥäɬפʾ󶡤ΤȤޤ

debian/shlibs.local

ϥѥåξѹ뤿˻Ȥޤ ˡϰʲ ( ι) ޤ

/etc/dpkg/shlibs.override

ϥƥΤξ񤭤뤿˻Ȥޤ ΥꥹȤ̾Ǥ ϥΥƥԤˤäƴޤ

build ǥ쥯ȥ DEBIAN/shlibs ե

ѥåӥɤ褦Ȥݡ debian/shlibs եϰŪ˺줿ӥɥǥ쥯ȥΥȥեΰˤ˥ԡ졢 shlibs Ȥ̾դޤ Υեϥѥå˴ޤޤ붦ͭ饤֥ξܺپ󶡤ޤ

νˤʤ褦󤲤Ƥޤѥå foo ĤΥХʥѥå libfoo2 foo-runtime Ȥޤ ХʥѥåΥӥɤκݡĤΥѥåϽ debian/libfoo2 debian/foo-runtime ǥ쥯ȥ˺ޤ ( debian/tmp Ȥޤ)libfoo2 libfoo 󶡤Τǡshlibs եѰդɬפꡢ debian/libfoo2/DEBIAN/shlibs ˥󥹥ȡ뤵ޤ줬θ /var/lib/dpkg/info/libfoo2.shlibs ˤʤäȤޤ dpkg-shlibdeps ϼ¹ԥե debian/foo-runtime/usr/bin/foo-prog ФƼ¹Ԥ졢debian/libfoo2/DEBIAN/shlibs ե뤬Ĵ٤졢 foo-prog Υ饤֥¸ط libfoo2 󶡤饤֥뤫ɤȽ꤬Ԥޤ Τᡢdpkg-shlibdeps ϥӥɥǥ쥯ȥ˸ġΥХʥѥå٤Ƥ shlibs ե뤬󥹥ȡ뤵Ƥ¹Ԥɬפޤ

/var/lib/dpkg/info/*.shlibs

shlibs եϥƥ˥󥹥ȡ뤵ƤѥåФΤǡƥѥåΥƥʤˤäƴƤޤ

/etc/dpkg/shlibs.default

󤵤Ƥեϡ shlibs ե뤬󶡤ƤʤѥåФΤǤ shlibs ꤬ǽƳ줿Ȥ˻Ȥޤߤ̾Ǥ dpkg Υƥʤ˴Ƥޤ

dpkg-shlibdeps shlibs λȤ

debian/rules ե dpkg-shlibdeps ؤθƤӽФ֤ƤХʥޤѥå (ĤޤꡢץȤޤޤʤ) ξ硢ΥޥɤȤޤ dpkg-shlibdeps debian/tmp/usr/bin/* debian/tmp/usr/sbin/* \ debian/tmp/usr/lib/* ʳξˤϡѥ뤵Хʥȥ饤֥Ū󤹤

debhelper ȤäƤʤ顢 dh_shlibdeps ץȤäƤʤޤ ΥץʣΥХʥѥåξǤޤ

ɬפޤ

Υޥɤ debian/substvars ե˰¸طξޤ ξϸ dpkg-gencontrol Ȥޤ 줬褦Depends եɤ ${shlibs:Depends} ѿ֤ʤФʤʤǤ礦

dpkg-shlibdeps ʸäƤʤäʤ顢ޤäƤޤ ⤷顼ٹʤɤϤ줿ΤǤС֤󡢼 debian/shlibs.local ʲ ( ) ǵܤ褦˺ɬפǤ礦

ʣΥХʥѥåˤϡ dpkg-shlibdeps 򥳥ѥ뤵줿ХʥڤӶͭեޤѥå˼¹Ԥɬפޤ ξ硢̤ substvars եꤹ뤿 dpkg 桼ƥƥ -T ץȤɬפФƤǤ礦 ΥץˤĤƤξܺ٤ 򸫤Ƥ

Debian Installer ǻѤ뤿 udeb ˤϡ dpkg-shlibdeps udeb פФ¸ԤѤ褦ˡץȤ -tudeb debhelper ץෲ dh_shlibdeps Ѥ뤳Ȥˤäơudeb ȤȤȽ꤬ʤФΥץ󤬼ưŪղäޤ ɲäԤʤɬפǤ礦shlibs ե udeb פФ¸طλԤʤ硢 dpkg-shlibdeps ɸΰ¸طԤѤޤ

dpkg-shlibdeps ˤĤƹ˾ܤΤꤿˤϡ

shlibs եեޥå

shlibs ƱեޥåȤȤޤ# ǻϤޤԤϥȤȤư졢̵뤵ޤ 줾ιԤϤĤΤΤ鹽ޤ [type: ]library-name soname-version dependencies ...

zlib1g ѥå˼Ƥޤ Υѥå (񤤤ƤǤ) ͭ饤֥ /usr/lib/libz.so.1.1.3 򥤥󥹥ȡ뤷ޤ

type ϥץȤʤǤǤꡢ ιԤͭʥѥåΥפ򼨤ޤ ߻ȤƤͣΥפϡudeb Ǥ פθˤϡȶɬפǤ

library-name ϡͭ饤֥̾Ǥ ξˤϡlibz Ǥ (϶ͭ饤֥ .so ե̾ʬȰפƤʤФޤ󡣰ʲȤΤ)

soname-version ϥ饤֥ .so ե̾ΥСʬǤ.so ե̾ˤϥʥߥå󥫤ǧ饤֥̾ȸ̩˰פ̾ͿʤФޤ ̾name.so.major-version ȤǡǤǤ libz.so.1

ϰʲΥޥɤȽǤޤ objdump -p /usr/lib/libz.so.1.1.3 | grep SONAME

Ǥ С .so. θƤʬǡǤ 1 Ǥ

dependencies ϡХʥѥåΥȥե ¸طեɤƱ񼰤Ǥ ˤϡΥѥå˴ޤޤ饤֥ǥӥɤХʥ꤬ư뤿ˤɤΥѥåɬפˤʤ뤫˴ؤܺ٤򵭽ҤƤ٤Ǥ ܤ 򻲾Ȥ

Ǥϡzlib1g ѥåǡʤȤ 1.3 ʹߤΥޥʡСֹĺǽΥС 1:1.1.3-1 ǤΤǡΥ饤֥ shlibs ˤϤ񤭤ޤ libz 1 zlib1g (>= 1:1.1.3) Сΰ¸طϡŤͭ饤֥򿷤Хʥȶ˻Ȥä硢ʥߥå󥫤Фٹå򤱤뤿ΤΤǤ

zlib1g ⶦͭ饤֥ޤ udeb 󶡤뤿ᡢܤղäƤޤ udeb: libz 1 zlib1g-udeb (>= 1:1.1.3)

shlibs ե󶡤

ѥåͭ饤֥󶡤硢嵭ΥեޥåȤ shlibs եɬפޤ ̤ debian/shlibs Ȥ̾ˤޤ (⤷ʣΥХʥѥåˤϡ debian/shlibs.package Ȥۤ⤢ޤ)ˡdebian/rules Ǥΰ˥󥹥ȡ뤷Ƥ install -m644 debian/shlibs debian/tmp/DEBIAN ޤϡʣΥХʥѥåξˤϡΥޥɤȤޤ install -m644 debian/shlibs.package debian/package/DEBIAN/shlibs ⤦ĤˡȤơdebian/rules ΰľ debian/shlibs ޤäȤ鷺 shlibs

debhelper ġ뷲 dh_makeshlibs ǹԤƤˡǤʤΥѥåͭ饤֥󶡤 udeb ޤ硢--add-udeb ץȤä udeb ̾ꤹ뤳Ȥˤꡢdh_makeshlibs ѤƼưŪ udeb: Ԥ뤳ȤǤޤ

⤢ޤ ϡdpkg-shlibdeps debian/shlibs ե뼫Τ̵뤵뤿Ǥ

dpkg-shlibdeps ϥѥå뤹٤ƤΥХʥѥåФ DEBIAN/shlibs եɤिᡢ٤Ƥ DEBIAN/shlibs Ϥɤ줫ΥХʥѥåФ dpkg-shlibdeps ¹Ԥ˥󥹥ȡ뤷Ƥ٤Ǥ

debian/shlibs.local եν

Υե shlibs ե󶡤Ƥʤѥå󶡤饤֥˰¸Хʥ饤֥Τ Ū Ȥưտޤ줿ΤǤ

ǡ foo ХʥѥåȤƤȤޤdpkg-shlibdeps ¹ԤȤʲΥ顼åϤޤ -O ϰ¸ط debian/substvars ǤϤʤ ɸ ˽Ϥ뤿ΤΤǤ ޤɤߤ䤹뤿ŬԤƤޤ $ dpkg-shlibdeps -O debian/tmp/usr/bin/foo dpkg-shlibdeps: warning: unable to find dependency information for shared library libbar (soname 1, path /usr/lib/libbar.so.1, dependency field Depends) shlibs:Depends=libc6 (>= 2.2.2-2) ldd Хʥ˼¹ԤơϢ饤֥ΰ֤򤹤٤ªޤ礦 $ ldd foo libbar.so.1 => /usr/lib/libbar.so.1 (0x4001e000) libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x40032000) /lib/ld-linux.so.2 => /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x40000000) ˤȡfoo Хʥϡlibbar ͭ饤֥˰¸Ƥޤ/var/lib/dpkg/info/ libbar.so.1 򰷤 *.shlibs ե󶡤ƤѥåϤʤ褦Ǥ Ȥ櫓ǡǤȤѥåꤷޤ礦 $ dpkg -S /usr/lib/libbar.so.1 bar1: /usr/lib/libbar.so.1 $ dpkg -s bar1 | grep Version Version: 1.0-1 ɤ顢bar1 ѥåΥС 1.0-1 ߲桹λѤƤΤȤȤΤ褦Ǥ ǡޤ bar1 ˥Х𤷤ƤǤ debian/shlibs.local ޤ ιԤdebian/shlibs.local ˴ޤƤ libbar 1 bar1 (>= 1.0-1) ǤʤΥѥåӥɺȤϤޤϤǤ

bar1 ΥѥåƥʤˤꡢΥѥåѤ shlibs ե뤬󶡤줷ʤ debian/shlibs.local եԤ뤳ȤǤޤ ʤвäӥɻ¾οͤФ蘆ʤ褦ˤ뤿 bar1 ѥåФƥСդ Build-Depends ⡢餯碌ꤷƤ٤Ǥ礦

ڥ졼ƥ󥰥ƥ ե륷ƥγع¤ ե륷ƥ๽¤

󥹥ȡ뤵եǥ쥯ȥ֤ϡ줬¾ǵܤƤ Debian ݥꥷιܤ˰ȿʤ¤ꡢưʲ㳰ơ ٤ File system Hierarchy Standard (FHS) С 2.3 ˽ʤФʤޤ󡣰ʲ FHS Ф㳰󤷤ޤ

쥬 XFree86 Фϡե /etc/X11/XF86Config-4 ˰³֤ȤƤޤ

ץꥱΡ桼ͭ桼Υۡǥ쥯ȥ֤Ȥץ롼뤬¤Ƥޤ Τ褦ʥեϡ'.' ʸǻϤޤե (ɥåȥե) Ȥ뤳Ȥ侩졢ץꥱ󤬰İʾΥɥåȥեɬפˤϡ'.' ʸǻϤޤǥ쥯ȥ (ɥåȥǥ쥯ȥ) ʲ֤Ȥ侩Ƥޤ ޤԤξˤե '.' ʸǻϤʤȤ侩Ƥޤ

amd64 64 ӥåȥХʥФ /lib64 ѤʤФʤʤȤűѤƤޤ

/usr/local/share/man ȡ /usr/local/man Ʊ뤹Ȥϡ 侩˴¤Ƥޤ

ɥޥ͡㤬system.*wmrc Ȥ̾եĤĤȤȤűѤƤޤ ޤɥޥ͡Υ֥ǥ쥯ȥ̾򥦥ɥޥ̾͡ƱˤʤФʤʤȤűѤƤޤ

֡ȥޥ͡ե /etc ʲ֤ʤȤ /etc ˥ܥå󥯤֤ʤФʤʤȤϡ侩˴¤Ƥޤ

ʸǸڤƤǤ debian-policy ѥåȰۤƤޤΥޥ˥奢°ʳǤ ˡޤ debian-policy ѥå򥤥󥹥ȡ뤷Ƥʤ顢 򸫤Ƥ ǿǤϤʸǸڤƤǤ꿷⤷ޤ󤬡 ˤޤɸ˽ȤФ debian-devel ᡼󥰥ꥹȤ뤫 ⤷ FHS ᡼󥰥ꥹ ( ) ˾ܺ٤䤤碌Ʋ

Υץ

FHS ˽ᡢѥå /usr/local/ ʲ˥ե򤪤ƤϤޤ󡣤줬 dpkg ˤäŸ륢֥եȤǤäƤ⡢ƥʥץȤˤäƺ褦ʥեǤäƤ֤ƤϤޤ

ͭΥե֤꤬ƥԤˤ狼褦ˡΥǥ쥯ȥ /usr/local ʲΥǥ쥯ȥ˺뤳ȤϤޤޤâ /usr/local ľǤ ʤ /usr/local ˤǥ쥯ȥΥ֥ǥ쥯ȥǤʤФʤޤ Υǥ쥯ȥ (/usr/local/*/dir/) ϡѥåκκݤ 줬ǤƱ˺ͤˤʤäƤʤФޤ

Τ褦ʥѥåͭΥǥ쥯ȥƤΤ /usr/local ʰʾ忼 ǥ쥯ȥǡ/usr/local ľ˺ƤϤʤȤդƲѥå /usr/local ǥ쥯ȥľˤ FHS Υ 4.5 󤵤Ƥ륵֥ǥ쥯ȥʳΤΤƤϤޤ 󤵤줿ǥ쥯ȥβˤϼͳ˥֥ǥ쥯ȥäƤ⤫ޤޤ ⤷ʬǺäǥ쥯ȥǤäȤƤ⡢ 4.5 󤵤Ƥǥ쥯ȥϾäƤϤޤ

/usr/local ⡼ȤΥФ꡼ɥ꡼ǥޥȤƤƤн褹뤿ᡢ Υǥ쥯ȥ .deb ֤˴ޤޤƥʥץȤǤ postinst prerm ԤʤФޤ ΥץȤϤäȤ˼ԤƤ⡢켫Ȥ褦ʤȤäƤϤޤ

㤨Сemacsen-commonѥåϡpostinst if [ ! -e /usr/local/share/emacs ] then if mkdir /usr/local/share/emacs 2>/dev/null then chown root:staff /usr/local/share/emacs chmod 2775 /usr/local/share/emacs fi fi ޤᡢprerm rmdir /usr/local/share/emacs/site-lisp 2>/dev/null || true rmdir /usr/local/share/emacs 2>/dev/null || true 뤳ȤˤʤǤ礦 (ǤΥץȤޤ줿ݤˤǥ쥯ȥ /usr/local/share/emacs 褦˽񤫤Ƥ뤳ȤդƤ)

ѥåѤ˥ɲä򤹤뤿 /usr/local ۲˥ǥ쥯ȥ硢 /usr/local ۲꤬ /usr ۲ΤΤͥ褵褦ݾڤƤ٤Ǥ

/usr/local ȤȤϡδԤͭѤ٤ˤΤǤäơ̾Ѥˤƥѥå /usr/local ʲΥեǥ쥯ȥ̵ͭ˰¸뤳ȤäƤϤʤޤ

/usr/local ǥ쥯ȥ꼫Ȥȡѥåˤäƺ줿Υ֥ǥ쥯ȥϡɸΥѡߥåȤ 2775 (group 񤭹ߵġgroup id å) 򡢤ƥʤȤƤ root.staff ꤷƤ٤Ǥ

ƥǻȤ᡼ǥ쥯ȥ

ƥǻȤ᡼ǥ쥯ȥ /var/mail Ǥ Υǥ쥯ȥϴܥƥΰǡΥ᡼륨Ȥ°Ƥ٤ǤϤޤ ξ /var/spool/mail ϡסμΤȤʪŪˤξ֤ƤǤ⡢Ȥ٤ǤϤޤ ʪ᡼륹ס뤬 /var/spool/mail Ǥ褦ʥƥफʬåץ졼ɻθߴݻ뤿ᡢ/var/mail Ѥѥå libc6 (>= 2.1.3-13) base-files (>= 2.2.0) ؤΡޤϤΤɤ餫ΥѥåΤʹߤΥСؤΰ¸طʤФޤ

桼ȥ롼 Ϥ

Debian ƥϡʿʸΥѥɤȥɥѥɤΤȤ뤳ȤǽǤ

Υ桼 ID(UID) ȥ롼 ID(GID) ΥѥåǻѤ뤿ᡢǥȥӥ塼Ȥͽ󤵤Ƥޤ ĤΥѥåǤϤΥ桼䥰롼פ˽ͭ줿եƱ뤳Ȥɬפäꡢץˤ ID 򥳥ѥȤ߹ꤹɬפ뤿ᡢDebian ƥǤϤ ID ϳƤ줿ŪΤ˻ѤƤޤ Ͻ¤ǡġΥȥʴˤƤϤޤ ä¿ΥȤǤϥʥ桼䥷ƥ॰롼פ ID 100 ˳꿶äƤޤΤǡդƤ

Ȥ̤ưŪ˳Ƥ ID ޤΤ褦 ID Ͻʽ֤Ƥ褦ˤʤäƤޤ֤εưǽǤ

base-passwd ʳΥѥå /etc/passwd /etc/shadow/etc/group /etc/gshadow ѹƤϤޤ

UID GID γ

UID GID γƤ򲼵˼ޤ 0-99:

Debian ץȤǶ̤˳Ƥ졢٤Ƥ Debian ƥƱŪΤ˻ȤΤǤ ID Ϥ٤Ƥ Debian ƥ passwd group ˸졢base-passwd κݤˤϰϤˤ ID ϼưŪɲäޤ

Ū˳Ƥ줿 uid gid ɬפʥѥåϤϰϤ ID ȤʤФʤޤѥåΥƥʤ ID base-passwd Υƥʤ˳ƤƤ餦ɬפޤ

100-999:

ưŪ˳Ƥ륷ƥѤΥ桼ȤǤ ѥåǥ桼䥰롼פγƤɬפǤϤ뤱ɤ⡢餬 ưŪ˳Ƥ줿ƥ˰ۤʤΤǤ⹽ʤˤϡ adduser --system ȤäƤϰϤΥ桼䥰롼פƤ adduser ϸġΥ桼䥰롼פ̵ͭåޤޤɬפʤ adduser.conf ϰϻǻȤʤ ID 򤷤Ƥ

1000-29999:

ưŪ˳Ƥ桼ȤǤɸ adduser ϤϰϤ UID GID Ƥޤư adduser.conf ѹ뤳ȤǤޤ

30000-59999:

ͽ󤵤Ƥޤ

60000-64999:

Debian ץȤȤƶ̤˳ƤƤΤǤ ׵˱ƺޤID ΤϽǡŪ˳ƤƤΤǤºݤΥȺɬפˤʤäǹԤޤ

ID ϤޤȤʤѥå䡢¿Ū˳Ƥ줿 ID ɬפȤѥåΤΤΤǤ Τ褦ʥѥåǤ /etc/passwd /etc/group Ĵ٤ơ(adduser ʤȤä) ɬפ˱ƥȤʤФޤ󡣰³ ID ׵ᤷƤǽΤ褦ʥѥåǤϡƤ ID θ˾ɲäΤαĤƤʤФޤ

65000-65533:

ͽ󤵤Ƥޤ

65534:

nobody ˳ƤƤޤ б륰롼 id ϥ롼 nogroup ˳ƤƤ

65535:

(uid_t)(-1) == (gid_t)(-1) Ǥ ͤϥ顼ȽѤ뤿ᡢȤʤǤ

ƥ٥ init.d ץ Ϥ

/etc/init.d ǥ쥯ȥˤϥ֡Ȼ init ξ (٥) ѤäȤ ( )init ˼¹Ԥ륹ץȤǼƤ ޤ

ΥץȤѤˤꡢʤȤ (ǽΤǤ) ˡޤñΤᡢ ΥɥȤǤϥܥå󥯤ˤˡΤߤ򵭤ޤ ƥʥץǤˡѤƤȻפǤϤʤޤ ޤ줾Υ٥εưФϡ ǥܥå󥯤ޤϺ뤳ȤǼ¹ԤҤ褦 update-rc.d ˤäƹԤʤƤϤʤޤ file-rc ѥåǼƤ롢⤦Ĥˡˤξܺ٤ˤĤƤϡѥåΥɥȤ򻲾ȤƲ

ΥץȤ /etc/rcn.d ǥ쥯ȥ椫饷ܥå󥯤ĥƤޤ ٥ѹȡinit /etc/rcn.d ǥ쥯ȥ򸫤ơ ¹Ԥ٤ץȤõޤ n ϡ줫ѹ٥򼨤ޤ ޤ S ϥ֡ȻΥץȤؤޤ

󥯤̾ Smmscript Kmmscript ηȤäƤޤ mm οǡscript ϥץȤ̾򼨤Ƥޤ (̾ /etc/init.d μºݤΥץȤƱ̾ˤƤ٤Ǥ)

init ٥ѹȤޤ̾ K ǻϤޤ륷ܥå󥯤ΥץȤ줾 stop ץդǼ¹Ԥޤ S ǻϤޤ륹ץȤ start ץդǵưƤޤ (󥯤Ͽ٥б /etc/rcn.d ǥ쥯ȥ֤줿ΤǤ)K ǻϤޤ̾ǥ󥯤ĥ줿Τϡӥߤ뤳ȤбS ϡΥ٥ˤʤ˥ӥ򳫻Ϥ뤳Ȥ򼨤ޤ

㤨С٥ 2 3 ؤȰܹԤȤޤ init ϡޤ /etc/rc3.d/ ˤƤ K ǻϤޤ륹ץȤ򡢤θ夽Υǥ쥯ȥ S ǻϤޤ륹ץȤ¹ԤƤޤK ǻϤޤΤϤ줾бե stop ץդǡ S ǻϤޤ start ץդǼ¹Ԥޤ

mm ǼοϡץȤμ¹ԽꤹΤѤޤ ǤϾ֤˼¹Ԥޤ 㤨 K20 Ȥդ˻Ϥޤ륹ץȤ K30 ǻϤޤΤ˼¹Ԥޤ 륵ӥ¾Υӥ˳ϤƤʤФʤʤȤ˻Ȥ櫓Ǥ 㤨С͡ॵ bind ϥ˥塼 inn ꥹȤ򥻥åȥåפǤ褦˵ưƤɬפǤ礦 ΥǤ bind ư륹ץȤ inn ưΤ⾮ֹˤޤ /etc/rc2.d/S17bind /etc/rc2.d/S70inn

٥ 0 (halt) 6 (reboot) Ĥ¿ۤʤޤ ĤΥ٥Ǥ S ǻϤޤ륹ץȤ K ǻϤޤ륹ץȤθ˼¹ԤȤǤ¾Ѥޤ󤬡ɤ stop դǼ¹Ԥޤ

ޤ⤷ץ̾ .sh ǽäƤ硢Τ褦ʥץȤϥ٥ S Ǥϥե줿ҥץǤϤʤΤޤ޼¹Ԥޤ ¾Υ٥ǤϡץȤŪ sh Ǽ¹Ԥޤ

ץȤν

ƥॵӥԤǡޤѥåϡ ֡Ȼ٥ѹ˥ӥ򳫻ϵڤߤ뤿ᡢ /etc/init.d ˥ץȤ֤٤Ǥ ΥץȤϡ/etc/init.d/package Ȥ̾ˤ٤ǡԤꤹĤΰ褦ˤ٤Ǥ start ӥ򳫻Ϥޤ stop ӥߤޤ restart ӥ˼¹ʤ饵ӥߤƵưޤ Ǥʤʤ顢ӥ򳫻Ϥޤ reload ӥߤƵư뤳Ȥʤӥɤ߹ߤޤ force-reload ӥκɤ߹ߤбƤʤкɤ߹ߤԤʤޤ бƤʤʤƵưޤ startstoprestart force-reload γƥץ /etc/init.d ƤΥץȤݡȤƤʤФʤޤ󤬡 reload ץΥݡȤǤդǤ

init.d ץȤϡ륵ӥ˵ưƤΤ start ץդǼ¹Ԥ줿ư˿ŤäƼ¹Ԥ褦ˤʤФʤޤ դ˵ưƤʤΤ stop ץդǼ¹Ԥ줿ݤˤϡ¾Υ桼ץʤ褦ˤʤФʤޤ ¸Τ̾ɤˡ start-stop-daemon Ѥ褦ˤ뤳ȤǤ

⤷ӥưŪ˺ɤ߹ߤ褦ʾ (㤨 cron ʤɤ)init.d ץȤդ줿 reload ץϡ ɤ߹ߤΤ褦˿ɬפޤ

/etc/init.d ϡconffile ȤƥޡƤ (ѥåˡĤޤ .deb ե˴ޤޤƤ) ȡƥʥץ椫Ŭڤ˰ (ѥå˴ޤޤƤʤ硣 ȡ) Τ⡢եȤưʤФޤ ϥΥƥԤ˸ƥץȤǤ褦ˤᡢפǤ Ĥޤꡢѥå뤳Ȥʤӥߤ᤿ޤϥӥ򳫻Ϥݤ˲̤Υޥɥ饤󥪥ץͿ Ȥˤοͤν򼡤Υѥååץ졼ɤκݤ˼뤳Ȥʤ褦ˤΤǤ

ѥåΤƤƤեϥƥ˻ĤäƤ뤿ᡢ ξ֤ǤΥץȤԲIJ򤷤ʤ褦ˤ٤Ǥ dpkg --purge ץդǼ¹Ԥƽեޤ ä /etc/init.d/package ץȼΤ̾ conffile ǤΤǡ ѥåƤ⡢嵭ץ󤬻ꤵƴƤʤǤϥץȤϥƥ˻ĤäޤޤˤʤäƤޤ ΤᡢΤ褦 test ʸ򥹥ץȤƬ֤٤Ǥ test -f program-executed-later-in-script || exit 0

init.d ץˤϥץȤư椹뤿˻Ȥ졢ԤФѹ褦 ͤ򤤤Ĥޤ礬ɤޤ ץȤ¿ξ conffile ǤΤǡץȤѹԤѥååץ졼ɤκݤѹ줿 conffile Фƥѹޡɬפޤ ΥƥԤôڸ뤿ᡢΤ褦ǽͤϥץľܽ񤯤٤ǤϤޤ ˡΤ褦ͤ /etc/default ΥեˤäͿޤ Υե̾ init.d ץȤƱ̾ˤƤ ɲåեϥץȤ¹Ԥݤ˻Ȥޤ Υե SUSv3 sh եޥåȷѿȡȰʳ񤫤ʤǤ ޤ conffile Ȥ뤫ޤϥѥåΥƥʥץȤǽեȤ٤Ǥ ܺ٤ϡ 򻲾Ȥ

ɬפͤĤ¸ߤƤ뤳Ȥݾڤ뤿ᡢ init.d ץ /etc/default/ ե˳ƥѿɸͤꤹ뤫 ${VAR:=default} ν񼰤Ȥäꤹ뤫Τ줫Ȥ֤Ƥ ޤinit.d ץȤ /etc/default/ äƤˤ⼺Ԥ뤳Ȥʤ˿ʤФޤ

initscript ƥȤΥ󥿡ե

ƥʤϡʬΥѥåΡ㤨 postinst prerm postrm Τ褦 initscript 򰷤ݤ update-rc.d invoke-rc.d 󶡤ݲεȤ٤Ǥ

ľ /etc/rc?.d 󥯤ľ /etc/init.d/ initscript ưɤΤϡinitscript ֥ƥ󶡤ѥå (㤨 sysv-rc file-rc) ˸¤٤Ǥ

󥯤μ갷

/etc/rcn.d Υܥå󥯤κȺ (˿줿⤦ĤˡѤƤˤϵǽŪʽˤʤޤ) κȤѥåƥʤŬڤ˹Ԥᡢ update-rc.d ȤץबۤƤޤ Υץϡƥʤѥå postinst postrm ץȤǻȤޤ

/etc/rcn.d Υܥå󥯤ľܥ֤˴ޤ᤿ꡢƥʥץȤˤäƥܥå󥯤κڤӺԤäƤϤޤ update-rc.d ץȤʤФޤ (Ԥˡϡ٥μ갷⤦ĤˡǹԤäƤˤưޤ) /etc/rcn.d ǥ쥯ȥ꼫Τ򥢡֤˴ޤΤ⤤ޤ (줬ƤΤϡsysvinit ѥåǤ)

ǥեȤǤϡupdate-rc.d ϥޥ桼֤γƥ٥ (2,3,4,5) ˤƳƼ掠ӥ򳫻Ϥ halt(0)󥰥桼(1)֡(6) γƥ٥Ǥߤ褦ˤޤ ƥδԤϡܥå󥯤ˤʤƤˤ /etc/rcn.d Υܥå󥯤ɲáư뤳Ȥˤäơޤ file-rc ˤˡǴƤ /etc/runlevel.conf ѹ뤳Ȥˤäơ٥򥫥ޥ뤳ȤǤޤ

ʬΥѥåǥեȤεưĤΤȤꤹˤϡ postinst ץȤ˼Τ褦˽񤭤ޤ update-rc.d package defaults postrm ǤϼΤ褦ˤʤޤ if [ "$1" = purge ]; then update-rc.d package remove fi ʤΥѥåΥ٥̤ͥѹ硢Ť󥯤ĤäƤޤ 󥯤ƺꤹɬפ뤫⤷ʤȤդƤ update-rc.d βʸ򻲹ͤˤƤ

ˡǤϥǥեȤΥֹȤ 20 Ȥޤ init.d ץȤưݡˤʤʤʤС ΥǥեȤȤ褦ˤƲǤʤ sysvinit ѥåΥƥʤϢȤ뤫 debian-devel ˥ݥȤޤ礦 ֹˤĤƼƤ館ϤǤ

update-rc.dλȤ˴ؤϡman 򸫤Ʋ

initscript ¹Ԥ

invoke-rc.d ץϡѥåƥʤ initscript Ŭڤ (٥˽ޤΤۤΥѥåϤǤ¤Ǥ) ưȤưפˤ뤿󶡤Ƥޤ ΥץϡѥåΥץǡƥʤȤȤǤޤ

ץϡ/etc/init.d/* initscript ưΤˡľܵưΤǤϤʤ invoke-rc.d Ѥ褦ˤʤФʤޤ

ɸǤϡinvoke-rc.d ư׵ (startstop reloadrestart ʤ) 򡢰տޤ٥볰Ǥ start restart ե륿ǡΤޤ /etc/init.d Ϥޤ

ۤȤɤΥѥåǤϡpostinst prerm ץȤǡ /etc/init.d/<package> <action> ñ˰ʲΤ褦ѹФϤǤ if which invoke-rc.d >/dev/null 2>&1; then invoke-rc.d package <action> else /etc/init.d/package <action> fi

ѥå invoke-rc.d ѤƵư update-rc.d Ȥä initscript ӥϿƤɬפޤ ̤ϿΥӥεưϼԤ뤫⤷ޤ

invoke-rc.d λȤ˴ؤϡ 򸫤Ƥ

֡Ȼˤ

ۥȤ֡Ȥ˰٤¹Ԥ륹ץȤޤȤ᤿ /etc/rc.boot ʤǥ쥯ȥ꤬Τ¸ߤޤ Ǥ⵭ܤ̤ꡢ/etc/rcS.d /etc/init.d ΥեؤΥ󥯤֤뤳Ȥ侩Ƥޤ ѥå /etc/rc.boot ˥ե֤ȤϵƤޤ

ʤ /etc/init.d ץȤΥ١Ȥʤ륵ץ /etc/init.d/skeletonˤޤ

init.d ץȤΥ󥽡å

ξϤǤ /etc/init.d ΥץȤɸϤ˽񤭽ФƼΥåν񼰤ˤĤƽҤ٤ޤ ε Debian εưȥåȥθɤӤΤȤ뤳ȤǤ Τᡢˤ錄äơտɤǤ ʸʸλȤʬʤɤƱեޥåȤ˽褦ˤ褦ȹͤƤޤ

ޤ/etc/init.d ץȤǽϥåݤ˻Ȥ٤Ūʥ롼򼨤ޤ

åϰԤ˽񤫤졢ʸǻϤޤꡢԥꥪ (.) Ȳ ("\n") ǽʤФʤޤ ץȤХå饦ɤǻ֤ΤԤäƤ (ñ˥ץγϤ佪λǤϤʤκȤʹǤʤɤǤ) "ά" (ellipsisʤĤΥɥå ... ǡ˶Ԥޤ) Ȥޤ ԥ塼򤷤ƤΤ褦Ȥ뤫Τ褦 ǫ :-) åƤ âԥ塼ΤȤƤϻȤʤǤ 㤨С I'm starting network daemons: nfsd mountd. ɽʤСñ˼Τ褦ˤƤ Starting network daemons: nfsd mountd.

init.d ץȤǤϡʲɸν񼰤ʬбƻȤäƤ

ǡ򳫻ϤȤ

ץȤİʾΥǡưȤˤϡν񼰤Ȥޤ ϤϼΤ褦ˤƤ (1 Ԥˤ ǽ˶ޤ) Starting description: daemon-1 ... daemon-n. description оݤȤʤĤޤʣΥǡ°륵֥ƥˤĤƵҤƤ daemon-1 Ϥޤä daemon-n ޤǤϳƥǡ̾ (̾ϤΥץΥե̾) 򵭺ܤƤ

/etc/init.d/lpd νϤϼΤ褦ˤʤޤ: Starting printer spooler: lpd.

Τ褦˽Ϥ뤿˥ץǤϼΤ褦ˤƤޤ echo -n "Starting printer spooler: lpd" start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --exec /usr/sbin/lpd echo "." İʾΥǡưȤϼΤ褦ˤޤ: echo -n "Starting remote file system services:" echo -n " nfsd"; start-stop-daemon --start --quiet nfsd echo -n " mountd"; start-stop-daemon --start --quiet mountd echo -n " ugidd"; start-stop-daemon --start --quiet ugidd echo "." ˤ桼ϸ߲äƤΤޤĺǸΥǡ󤬵ưΤΤ뤳ȤǤޤ ڡɤ֤˵Ĥ٤Ǥ 嵭Ǥϡ˽Ҥ٤褦ˡƥԤΥǡưʤȤˤϴñ˥ȥȤǤޤ ξǤåϤɽޤ

ƥѥ᡼򥻥åȤȤ

ư˥ƥѹȤˤϡΤ褦ʽ񼰤Ȥ٤Ǥ Setting parameter to "value".

䤬ʤ褦ˤˤϡΤ褦ʹԤȤޤ echo "Setting DNS domainname to \"$domainname\"."

ƱŰ (") ΰȤƻȤƤ뤳ȤդƤ 顼 (`) ϰǤϤޤ ݥȥե (') 㤤ޤ

ǡߤޤϺƵưȤ

ǡߤ롢ޤϺƵưȤΥåν񼰤ϵưΥå˽स Starting Stopping ʤ Restarting ѤΤǤ

ץ󥿥ǡߤνϤˤȡΤ褦ˤʤޤ Stopping printer spooler: lpd.

¹ԤƤȤ

ƥγϻ䥷åȥνԤ ץ¹ԤʤФʤʤ褦ʤȤϤ褯ޤ 㤨 netdate ǥƥλפ碌ꡢ ƥཪλƤΥץߤ᤿ꤹʤɤǤ Τ褦ʾΥ󥽡åϼΤ褦ˤʤޤ Doing something very useful...done. Ȥλľ done. ɽ桼˲ԤƤΤΤ餻ʤФޤ ϼΤ褦˥ץȤ˽񤭤ޤ echo -n "Doing something very useful..." do_something echo "done."

ɤ߹ߤȤ

ǡեɤ߹ߤȤϡν񼰤ȤäƤ Reloading description configuration...done. ǡdescription ʬϥǡ򳫻ϤȤƱǤ

Cron

ѥå /etc/crontab եѹƤϤޤ ޤ/var/spool/cron/crontabs ΥեѹƤ⤤ޤ

ѥå cron Ǽ¹Ԥ褦ʥ֤򥤥󥹥ȡ뤷Ȥϡ Υǥ쥯ȥ˥ѥå̾ĥե֤Ƥ /etc/cron.hourly /etc/cron.daily /etc/cron.weekly /etc/cron.monthly Υǥ쥯ȥ̤̾ꡢΥեϤ줾졢 (Hourly)(daily)轵(weekly)(monthly) ¹Ԥޤ Τʻ /etc/crontab ˵ܤƤޤ

Υǥ쥯ȥ˥󥹥ȡ뤵줿ƤΥեϡ 륷ƥδԤñѹǤ褦˥ץ (륹ץȡperl ץȤʤ) ǤʤФޤ ޤե () ȤưʤФޤ

ʳ١뤤ϻ˼¹ԤɬפΤ른֤ˤϡ ѥå /etc/cron.d/package-name ե򥤥󥹥ȡ뤷ƤΥե /etc/crontab Ʊ񼰤ǡcron ˤ꼫ưŪ˼¹Ԥޤ ΥեեȤưʤФޤ ( /etc/cron.d Υȥ anacron ǤϽʤΤǡ֤֤ϥƥबߤƤȤˤϹԤɬפʤΤ˸¤ޤ)

Υǥ쥯ȥˤ륹ץȤϡ¹Ԥɬפʥץब󥹥ȡ뤵Ƥ뤫å褦ˤʤäƤʤФޤ ʤȡѥåѡ () ǤϤʤñ˺Ȥˤե뤬ƥ˻ĤäޤޤˤʤäƤΤǡ꤬Ƥޤޤ

˥塼

Debian menu ѥåϥץꥱ󶡤ѥå ˥塼ץ (X window ޥ͡䡢 pdmenu Τ褦ʥƥȥ١Υ˥塼ץ) δ֤ɸ।󥿡ե󶡤ޤ

̾ˤ̤ʰɬפȤʤץꥱ󶡤ƤΥѥåϡ ΥץꥱФƥ˥塼ȥ (menu entry) Ͽޤ menu ѥåȤ桼ϥɥޥ͡䡢pdmenu Τ褦ʥ뤫˥塼ưŪ˼Ǥޤ

Menu ȥϸߤ Menu ݥꥷ˽ɬפޤ

Menu ݥꥷ debian-policy ѥå menu-policy եȤƱƤޤޤ Debian ֥ߥ顼 ˤ⤢ޤ

ץꥱ web ʸϿˡξܺ٤ˤĤƤϡ menu ѥå° Debian ˥塼ƥ ɥȤ򻲾ȤƤ

ޥǥϥɥ

MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions, RFCs 2045-2049) Ȥϥեǡȥ꡼沽˴ؤ᥿ ä˼ () ȥեޥå (PNGHTMLMP3 ʤ) ʤɤտղä뤿εǤ

MIME פϿ뤳Ȥǡ᡼桼ץ䥦֥֥饦켫Ȥľܰʤ MIME פɽԽʤɤϥɥƤӽФȤǹԤȤǤ褦ˤʤޤ

MIME פɽ////Խ뵡ǽ ĥץ debian-policy ѥå mime-policy եȤƱ줿ߤ MIME ݡȥݥꥷ˽äϿԤɬפޤ

MIME ݡȥݥꥷ debian-policy ѥå mime-policy եȤƱƤޤޤ Debian ֥ߥ顼 ˤ⤢ޤ

ܡ

ƥǰӤܡɤꡢŪˤ ٤ƤΥץꥱ󤬥ܡǸ٥ȤƱ褦˲᤹褦ˤ뤿ˡ Debian ǥȥӥ塼ΥץϲΥɥ饤˽ʤФʤޤ

ʹߤΥϵܤβȤʤФޤ <-- κʸ Delete αʸ Control+H emacs ǤϰϢΥإפƤӽФ terminal emulator, an rlogin/telnet session, etc.--> ܡǸ٥ȤβϤΤȤȤäƤü (ۥ󥽡 X üߥ졼rlogin/telnet åʤ) ˰¸ʤΤǤʤФޤ

ΥꥹȤϰۤʤäץǤ¸뤿Ǥ

<-- X ĶǤϥХåڡ٥ (KB_BackSpace) 򵯤ޤ Delete X ĶǤ Delete ٥(KB_Delete)򵯤ޤ X ĶǤϥХåڡ٥ (KB_Backspace) ASCII DEL Delete ٥ (KB_Delete) Ǥ ESC [ 3 ~ ( vt220 Υǥ꡼ȥΥץ󥹤Ǥ) 褦ꤷޤ X ɽ̤Ф xrdb ǥ꥽ɤ뤳Ȥꤷޤ ץꥱɸͤѹϤޤ xmodmap ȤǤβΥ꥽פ뤿Ǥ Linux 󥽡 <-- DEL Delete ESC [ 3 ~ 褦ꤵƤޤ X ץꥱ <-- ϥκ Delete ϱä褦ꤷޤMotif ץꥱϴˤʤäƤޤ ߥʥǤ stty erase ^? ꤷޤ xterm terminfo ȥ kdch1 ESC [ 3 ~ ꤷޤTERM=linux TERM=vt220 ƱͤǤ Emacs Хåڡ٥ (KB_Backspace) ȡstty erase ꤵ줿٥Ȥ delete-backward-char ˥ޥåפ졢Delete ٥ (KB_Delete) kdch1 delete-forward-char ˥ޥåפ졢^H Ͼ˥إפθƤӽФˤʤ褦ץवƤޤ ¾ΥץꥱǤ stty erase kdch1 Ĥ delete ȤơASCII DEL ʸʸä褦ˡkdch1 ϥβʸä褦ˤޤ

ʬϲ褷ޤʹߤ㳰°ˤĤƵƤޤ

ΥߥʥǤ <-- ^H ʳΥɤ뤳ȤǤޤ Τ褦ʥߥʥǤϡEmacs Υإפ ^H ǸƤ֤ȤǤޤ (Emacs Ǥ stty erase ͥ褵졢ꤵƤȤβǤ) M-x help ޤ F1 () ˻ȤȤǤޤ OS ^H stty erase ʸ˻ȤޤǶ telnet 䤹٤Ƥ rlogin ץ stty Ѥޤ ۤȤɤ٤Ƥ UNIX stty erase ºŤޤ stty ꤬Ѥʤˤϡ stty ưꤷư褦ˤƤ Υƥ ( Debian Ǥ⤽Ǥ) Ǥ <-- Delete Delete ٥ (KB_Delete) 򵯤褦 xmodmap ꤷƤޤ Τ褦ʥƥ X 饤ȤΤդޤ 䤿δĶƱ X ꥽ȤäѤ뤳ȤǤޤ դξˤϤΤ褦ʥƥΥ꥽ǻ䤿Υ饤Ȥꤹ뤳ȤǤޤ Τ褦ˤꤷƥǤ Delete Ϥ֤ưޤ󤬡 <-- ưޤ OS Ǥ xterm ʤɤü terminfo ǡ١ kdch1 ̤꤬ƤޤΤ褦ʥƥˡ Υݥꥷ˽äƥफ󤷤ˤ Delete ưޤ󤬡 <-- ưޤ

Ķѿ

ץʷ̤뤿δĶѿ˰¸ΤǤäƤϤޤ ϤΤ褦ʴĶѿϥƥΤ˱ƶڤܤ /etc/profile Τ褦եꤷʤФʤޤ󤬡Τ褦ե뤬٤ƤΥǥݡȤƤ櫓ǤϤʤǤ

ץब̾Ķѿ˰¸硢ĶѿꤵƤʤäɸͤȤ褦˽褦ˤ٤Ǥ 줬⤷ưפ˹Ԥʤ褦ʤ (㤨 non-free ץǥɤʤʤ) ץϴĶѿꤷƸΥץƤӽФ褦ʥåѥץȤ֤ƤʤФޤ

ŪΤΥåѥץȤ򼡤˼ޤ #!/bin/sh BAR=${BAR:-/var/lib/fubar} export BAR exec /usr/lib/foo/foo "$@"

/etc/profile base-files ѥåեǤΤǡ¾ΥץϤΥե˴Ķѿ䤽ΤۤΥޥɤɲäƤϤޤ

doc-base ѤʸϿ

doc-base ѥåʸ򰷤äɽꤹ뤿νȤ󶡤ޤ Τ꤫ϡ饤ʸ (ñʤ man ڡǤϤʤ) 󶡤Ƥ Debian ѥåǤϡʸ doc-base ϿˡǤˤϡ doc-base ȥե򡢥󥹥ȡ

ܺ٤ˤĤƤϡdoc-base ѥå°ʸ򻲾Ȥ

ե Хʥե

ĤΥѥåۤʤäǽƱ̾Υץ 󥹥ȡ뤹ϵƤޤ(ĤΥѥåƱ ǽ󶡤뤬μۤʤäƤˤ (alternatives) ǽޤ϶ (Conflicts) ǽȤäƽƤ)ˤĤƤϽ 򻲾Ȥ ξȯˤϰΥץब̾ѹʤФʤޤ ƥʤ̾ͤƤ뤳Ȥ debian-devel ᡼󥰥ꥹȤ𤷤ơ ɤΥѥå̾ѹΤιդ褦ˤƤ դʤˤϡξ ץब̾ѹʤФʤޤ

ɸǤϡѥåݤˤϡǤդΥХʥϥǥХåդǺ٤ǡޤŬԤ٤Ǥ ޤѥηٹåǤͭˤ٤Ǥ ϡβǽ̵ͭӥɻΥ򸫤ȽǤܿԤκȤưפˤޤ C ξ硢嵭ΤȤ̾ϼΥѥΰȤ٤Ǥ CC = gcc CFLAGS = -O2 -g -Wall # warning ץѹĤǤ LDFLAGS = # ʤ INSTALL = install -s # (ޤϡdebian/tmp strip 򤫤Ƥ)

ХʥեɸŪˤ strip 򤫤Ƥ٤Ǥ뤳ȤαդƤ install -s ե饰ѥåĥ꡼ˤäץ debian/tmp ˰ܤ strip ƤӽФΤɤ餫ǹԤäƤ

ӥɥĥ꡼ǤΥХʥϥǥХåդǥѥ뤵٤ǤǤ⥳ѥκŬΤ˥ǥХåϤФкˤʤޤ ΤᡢɸĶѿ DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS ΥݡȤ侩ޤ ( ) ѿϡѥåѥȥӥɤΤѹĤΥե饰ޤǤޤ

ѥ륪ץ˺ǤŬΤ֤ΤϥƥʤȽǤǤƤޤ ΥХʥ (Ȥз׻̤¿ץ) ˤϤʤΥե饰 (-O3 ʤ) ¹ԻθΨ夬Ǥ礦ȤˤϼͳˤΤ褦ʥե饰ȤäƤ⤫ޤޤ ŪΤȽǤԤäƤ Ȥͤǥե饰ꤷʤǤ ͳȤΤߤ˸¤äƤ ɤΥѥ륪ץŬڤˤĤƤξήκԤιͤѹΤϼͳǤ ʤʤ餷Фл䤿δĶǤŬʤΤȤƤޤΤǡ

饤֥

⤷ѥå architecture: any ȤʤäƤˤϡͭ饤֥Υѥȥ󥯥ե饰ˤ -fPIC ޤʤФޤ ʤСΥݡȤƤ륢ƥǥӥɤ˼Ԥޤ

GCC ȤäƤ硢-fPIC ϰ¸κֲǽʥɤǤޤ ¿ΥƥǶͭ饤֥Τɬפǡ i386 Ӷ餯¾ΤĤΥƥǤ϶ͭ饤֥˰ְ¸Υɤޤ뤳ȤϵƤޤ

¸ΥɤˤϡǽΥڥʥƥΤ礬ޤ ä i386 Ǥ®㲼ޤ â¿ξϤ®㲼 ְ¸ΥɤѤ뤳ȤǤΥƥǤΥȤΥȥ졼ɥդǹθʤФʤޤ

ε§㳰ɬ debian-devel@lists.debian.org ᡼󥰥ꥹȤǵơιդƤɬפޤ -fPIC ե饰Ȥʤǥѥ뤷ͳɬ README.Debian ե˵ܤ򤷤ʤФޤ󤷡 Ʊ˥ƥ¤뤫ɬפʥƥǤ -fPIC Ѥ褦ˤ륱ԤʤФޤ

줬ɬפˤʤͳΰĤȤơ饤֥˺ԲĤμ񤭤Υ֥饳ɤޤޤƤơ Ȥʤη׻ΤκȻ®٤㲼ͭդǤ롢ʤɤξ礬ޤ

դ򴹤С⤷ͭ饤֥ȥƥå饤֥ξӥɤˤϡƥʬ (C Ǥ *.c ) 󥳥ѥ뤹ɬפޤ

LinuxThreads ȸߴä饤֥ (ƥåͭ ξ) 뤿ˡgcc Υץ -D_REENTRANT ꤷʤФޤ

󥹥ȡ뤵붦ͭ饤֥ϼΤ褦ˤ strip Ƥ٤Ǥ strip --strip-unneeded your-lib (Υץ `--strip-unneeded' strip ˥ɬפΤʤܥΤߤ褦˻ؼޤ) ʥߥå󥯤κݤ˻Ѥ륷ܥ̤ ELF ֥ȤˤΤǡͭ饤֥ strip Ƥⴰ˵ǽ

¿ʬ˲ä --remove-section=.comment --remove-section=.note ͭ饤֥ȼ¹ԥեˡ--strip-debug 򥹥ƥå饤֥˻ꤹ뤳Ȥ⸡ƤͤǤ礦

ޤ

ξ硢ȤХǥХåǽḁ̈ѥåӥɤʤɡ strip ʤͭ饤֥ۤ⤢뤳Ȥ˵ĤƤ

ͭΥ֥ȥե (¿ξϡ .so եǤ) ǡѤΥ饤֥ǤϤʤ (ʤϢΤΤȤΩμ¹ԥե (Хʥ¾Υѥå󥯤뤳ȤꤷƤʤ) Τϡ/usr/lib ǥ쥯ȥΥ֥ǥ쥯ȥ˥󥹥ȡ뤹٤Ǥ Τ褦ʥե̾ζͭ饤֥ŬѤ뵬§˱ʤȤ⤫ޤޤ󤬡 ¹ԲǽӥåȤΩƤƥ󥹥ȡ뤷ƤϤʤȡڤ strip ٤ȡĤε§ϼɬפޤ

ŵŪϡإץ饰 (ǻȤ֥ͭȤǡץ⤫ ȤäưŪɤ߹ޤ) Ǥ

¾ΥѥåΥХʥȥ󥯤Ƥɤͭ饤֥ޤब ʤ ͳǤ /usr/lib ˥󥹥ȡǤʤϡͭ饤֥ /usr/lib ʲΥ֥ǥ쥯ȥ˥󥹥ȡ뤷Ƥ⤫ޤޤ ξ硢/etc/ld.so.conf ǥ쥯ȥѥå postinst ɲä postrm Ǻ褦ˤɬפޤ

󥯽 libtool ȤѥåƤƤޤ ǿ GNU libtools (>= 1.3a) Ǥϥ󥹥ȡ뤵줿 libtool ֤Υե (*.la) ѤǤޤlibtool .la եμϺ饤֥ˤĤƤΥ᥿ǡǼ³ƻȤǤ뤳ȤǤ libtool ϤΥ饤֥˴ؤ˭٤ʾ (ȤХƥå󥯻˰¸طˤ饤֥ˤĤ) ޤե򸡺뤳ȤǤޤ ޤlibltdl ȤץǤϡlibtool λѤ ɬ

libtool .la եʤͭ饤֥󥯤뵡ǽ̤󶡤ƤϤޤ libtool Τϥ륹ץȤˤޤΤǡ 󥯤褦Ȥƥ饤֥꤫鸫Ǿ嵭ξФȤ libtool ȤѥåΥӥɻ֤ܤ˸ƿӤ뤳Ȥˤʤޤ libtool С 1.4 ϲɤȼ (libtool С 1.3 ⤢٤ƱͤγĥʤƤޤ) .la եκƳФݾڤΤʤ褦ʥ饤֥֤ΰ¸ط˴ؤ .la ե¸褦ˤʤäƤޤ

Ǥ

Ȥ櫓ǡͭ饤֥ libtool ȤäƺѥåǤϡ-dev ѥå .la եޤ٤Ǥlibtool libltdl 饤֥˰¸ѥå㳰ǡξˤ .la եϥ󥿥ѥå˴ޤʤФޤ

ʬΥѥåݤˤϡ꡼ƤǤζͭ饤֥ΤߤȤ褦˵ĤʤФޤ Ǵְ㤨ȤۤΥ桼ϤʤΥץ¹Ԥ뤳ȤǤޤ ꡼Ƥʤѥ˰¸ѥå뤳Ȥ̾﹥ޤޤ

ͭ饤֥

˰ܤޤ

ץ

ѥå˴ޤޤ dpkg ѤƥʥץȤޤơ٤ƤΥޥɥץȤϥץȤ᤹륤󥿡ץ꥿ #! ԤɲäƻꤷʤФޤ

줬 perl ץȤξϡιԤ #!/usr/bin/perl ǤʤФޤ

륹ץȤ򥷥ƥ PATH Υǥ쥯ȥ˥󥹥ȡ뤹硢ץ̾ˤ .sh .pl ʤɤΡץȤΤ˸߻ȤäƤ򼨤ĥҤޤ٤ǤϤޤ

륹ץ (sh bash Ȥ) ǤϡüʾΤƺǽ set -e 񤤤ƥ顼򸡽Ф褦ˤ٤Ǥ ץȤϤ٤ set -e Ȥ ޥɤνλơŪĴ٤ƥ顼򸡽Ф٤Ǥ

ץȤϡSUSv3 Shell Command Language Single UNIX Specification, version 3 Ǥ IEEE 1003.1-2004(POSIX) ƱΤǤꡢ̵Ͽ Web Ǥޤ λͤ˱äƤꡢ SUSv3 ɬܤȤϤƤʤʲεǽ εǽ Linux ߥ˥ƥǹѤƤꡢbash, dash, ksh ʤɡ桼 /bin/sh ȤƻȤȻפ褦ʺǤŪʥΤ٤ƤǼƤޤ Ĥ褦 /bin/sh μǤ뤳ȤꤷƤޤޤ echo -n 줬ޥɤȤƼƤ硢ԤƤϤޤ test 줬ޥɤȤƼƤ硢 -a -o ֤ͤͤڥ졼ȤƥݡȤƤʤФޤ פѿ local 򥵥ݡȤƤʤФޤâlocal ׳ѿͤݻƤ⤷ʤƤ褯ñѿʾʣʰΥݡȤ׵ᤵޤ ѤϰʲΤ褦ʾ˸¤ޤ fname () { local a a='' # ... use a ... } ⤷륹ץȤ嵭ܰʳ SUSv3 곰εǽ򥷥륤󥿡ץ꥿ɬפȤ硢Ŭڤʥ򥹥ץȤκǽιԤ (㤨 #!/bin/bash Τ褦) ꤷʤФʤ餺 Υ󶡤ƤѥåФ¸طѥåǻꤷʤФޤ (Υѥå "Essential" ˤʤäƤ롢㤨 bash Τ褦ʾϰ¸طλפǤ)

ץȤǤ¤ SUSv3 εǽӾ嵭ɲõǽѤƽ񤯤褦ˤ /bin/sh 򥤥󥿡ץ꥿ȤƻȤ褦ˤȻפ硢ʤΥץȤ dashash) ưʤ餪餯嵭׵­ƤȻפޤ â䤬ʤŪ /bin/bash ȤäƤ

Perl ץȤǤϡƥॳȤäȤˤϥ顼åƤ ƥॳˤ open printcloserename system ʤɤޤޤޤ

csh tcsh 򥹥ץȸ˻ȤΤ򤱤٤Ǥ ͳ comp.unix.* FAQ ΰ Csh Programming Considered Harmful () 򻲹ͤˤƤ ήΥѥå csh ץȤޤޤƤȤˤϡ ΥץȤ #!/bin/csh ǻϤޤꡢΥѥå c-shell ۥѥå˰¸褦ꤷȤ褯ǧƤ

ïǤ񤱤ǥ쥯ȥ (㤨 /tmp ) ե륹ץȤϡ褦ȤեƱ̾Υե뤬¸ߤ顢¾˲⤻˼Ԥ褦ʵȤ߹Ǥ

Debian base ƥ˴ޤޤ tempfile mktemp 桼ƥƥϤŪǥץǻȤΤΤǤ

ܥå

̾ȥåץ٥ǥ쥯ȥ (롼ȥǥ쥯ȥ / Υ֥ǥ쥯ȥ꤬ȥåץ٥ǥ쥯ȥǤ) Υܥå󥯤лȤȤ٤Ǥ ޤȥåץ٥ǥ쥯ȥ֤Υܥå󥯤лȤȤ٤Ǥ

˲äơܥå󥯤ϲǽʸ¤û٤Ǥ 㤨 foo/../bar Τ褦ʻȤϹޤޤ

ln ȤäХ󥯤Ȥˡln ¹Ԥѥǥ쥯ȥ꤫а֤˥褬¸ߤƤɬפϤޤ ޤ󥯤褦Ƥǥ쥯ȥ˺κݤ˥ǥ쥯ȥưɬפ⤢ޤ ٤ñ˥ (󥯤¸ߤǥ쥯ȥ꤫лȤˤʤ褦ʥѥ̾Ǥ) ln κǽΰ˸褦ʸͿǤ

㤨СMakefile debian/rules ǼΤ褦ʽԤäƤ ln -fs gcc $(prefix)/bin/cc ln -fs gcc debian/tmp/usr/bin/cc ln -fs ../sbin/sendmail $(prefix)/bin/runq ln -fs ../sbin/sendmail debian/tmp/usr/bin/runq

̤줿ե򻲾Ȥ륷ܥå󥯤ϡоݥեƱĥҤĤ褦ˤƤ 㤨Сfoo.gz 򥷥ܥå󥯤ǻȤ硢󥯤Υե̾Ʊͤ ".gz" ǽ롢bar.gz Τ褦̾ˤƤ

ǥХե

ѥåեĥ꡼˥ǥХեޤ뤳ȤϵƤޤ

ѥå base ƥ˴ޤޤƤʤüʥǥХեɬפȤˤϡ postinst ץǥ桼˵Ĥ䤤碌 MAKEDEV ƤӽФƤ

䤤碌 (ץ饤ƥ) debconf åޤ echo (printf) ʸǹԤȤǤޤ

ѥå postrm 䡢¾ΥץǥǥХեƤϤޤ Τ褦ʽ֤ϴԤǤƤ

Debian ǤϥꥢǥХե̾ /dev/ttyS* Ȥޤή /dev/cu* ȤäƤץ /dev/ttyS* ѹ٤Ǥ

ե

ե ϡץμ¹Ԥ˱ƶͿե롢 ޤϥȤۥȸͭξ󶡤ե롢 ޤϥץεư椹뤿ΥեǤ ̾եϥƥԤμǡ ˤ䥵ȸ׷ˤ碌ư򤵤뤿ˡ ɬפ˱ѹ뤳ȤꤷƤޤ conffile ѥå conffiles ե󤵤줿եǡdpkg ̤ΰޤ ( )

Ĥΰ㤤Ͻפǡ֤ǽʳǰǤϤޤ ۤȤɤ٤Ƥ conffiles եǤ ¿ե conffiles ǤϤޤ

ӵܤƤȤꡢ/etc/init.d ץȡ /etc/default ե롢 /etc/cron.{hourly,daily,weekly,monthly} ΥץȤ /etc/cron.d cron եʤɤϡեפȤưʤФޤ Ūˡ˻ĥץȤϤϻ¾եǤΤ褦˰ޤ

ե֤

ѥåˤäƺȤե /etc ʲ֤ʤФޤ Ϣե뤬ʣˤϡΥѥå̾Ĥ֥ǥ쥯ȥ /etc ʲ˺뤳ȤƤƤ

ʤΥѥå /etc ʳξեĤΥѥå /etc Ȥ褦˽Τ˾ޤʤǤ⡢ ե뼫Τ /etc ֤ ѥåδԤ꤫饷ܥå󥯤ǻȤ褦ˤ٤Ǥ

եΰ

եΰϲεư˽äΤȤʤФޤ ǹԤäѹϡѥå򥢥åץ졼ɤݤݻƤʤФޤ եϥѥåκݤˤϤΤޤݻѥåδ (purge) κݤˤΤߺ褦ˤʤФޤ

εưԤ碌䤵ˡե conffile ˤƤޤȤǤ ϤۤȤɤΥ󥹥ȡξˤΤޤޤǻȤ ΥƥԤѹ뤫⤷ʤեźդǤŬˡǤ ˡˡȤˤɸΥե뤬ѥåʪ˴ޤޤƤ뤳ȡޤ󥹥ȡ (䤽¾κݤ) ˥ƥʥץȤ񤭴ԤʤȤƤɬפޤ

ѥå conffile ˥ϡɥ󥯤ĥ뤳ȤϡDzäѹĤʤʤ뤿ᡢƤޤ

§β: ϡɥ󥯤ˤĤ꤬ޤ ޤˤΤΰĤΥեԽݤ˥󥯤ڤäƤޤǥꡢ Τʤ֤ĤΥեΥ󥯤ڤ졢̤ʤΤˤʤäƤޤȤޤ ˡdpkg conffile Υåץ졼ɻ˥󥯤ڤäƤޤ⤷ޤ

⤦ĤΤϡ嵭εưƥʥץȤ¸ˡǤ ξˤե conffile Ȥ󤷤ƤϤʤ餺ޤѥåʪ˴ޤޤƤƤ⤤ޤ ѥåˤޤޤԤˡʤ餫ե뤬¸ߤƤ뤳ȤɬפʾǤ⡢ եݻκݤ˺褦ʥƥʥץȤ󶡤뤳ȤϥѥåƥʤǤǤ (ܺ٤ 򻲾Ȥ) ΥץȤϷ̤κƸʤФޤ (ʤdpkg 󥹥ȡΥ顼䡢ѥåκΤ᥹ץȤƼ¹ԤưʤФʤʤȤȤǤ) ޤΥץȤ dpkg ƥʥץȤƤӽФ͡ʤбǤͤФʤ餺 桼եä䤤碌뤳Ȥʤ˾񤭤ꤷƤϤޤ ޤΥץȤϡä˥åץ졼ɤλˤϡɬפʼԤäꤻɤʻ̱ȤƿʤФޤ

ץȤϥѥåꤷ뤹٤ƤΥץꤷʤФʤʤ櫓ǤϤʤ Ϳ줿ƥǥѥåư뤿ɬפԤФޤޤ ŪʤȤСƥԤ postinst (Ⱦ) ưŪ˹Ԥ줿ʳΤȤԤɬפʤΤ٤ѤǤ

̾ˡ package-configure Ȥ̾ΥץȤѥå postinst ե뤬¸ߤƤʤȤΤߡΥץȤƤ֤褦ˤǤ ˤϥƥʥץȤȤեѰդʤȤ⤢ޤ Τ褦ʥե뤬硢ƥؤΤΰ¸ط̵ͭ˱äơ /usr/share/package ޤ /usr/lib/package ֤ޤ 줬ʤ /usr/share/doc/package/examples 餽إܥå󥯤Ƥޤ̾ dpkg ǽեˤ (ʤ եǤ̵褦ˤ)

ޤƤեΰμˡϺߤƤϤޤ ϡϤؤΰƻǤ dpkg ѥå򥢥åץ졼ɤݤե񤭤뤫ɤ䤤碌Ƥ褦ˤʤꡢƬߤष뤳Ȥˤʤޤ

եζ

Ʊե conffile ȤƻꤷƤѥå֤ (conflict) ƤȻꤷʤФޤ ϥեͭƤϤʤȤ§Ƥޤ ξ (alternative) (diversion) λŬޤ äˡdpkg conffile 򤦤ޤޤ

ƥʥץȤϡ켫ȤϿ줿ѥåޤ ʤѥå conffile ѹƤ⤤ޤ

⤷İʾΥѥåƱեѤ ΥѥåƱ˥󥹥ȡ뤷Ƥ꤬ʤˤϡ ΥѥåΤΰĤե ͭ (owner) Ƥ ϤեѥåǤ ۤΤեѤѥåϡ ưˤե뤬ɬפʤСͭԤȤʤäѥå˰¸ (depend) ɬפޤ ⤷ۤΥѥåե뤬лȤɤ⡢Υե뤬̵ƤưϤȤȤʤС¸طפǤ

⤷İʾΥѥåƱեѤ Υѥåեѹ礬롢ȤǤϡʹߤγƹ褦ˤƤ Ϣѥåΰ (ؽͭԡ٥ѥå) ˡǡƥʥץȤե褦ˤޤ ؽͭԡ٥ѥå¾ΥѥåեѹݤѤץ󶡤ʤФޤ ϢѥåեѹݤˤϾǵ ؽͭԡ٥ѥå󶡤ץȤʤФޤ ޤϢѥåѹΤΥץब¸ߤ뤳Ȥݾڤ뤿ˡؽͭԡ ѥå˰¸뤳Ȥ뤫ѹΤΥץबʤäȤˤϥ顼Фѹ򤢤褦ˤ뤫Ρ ɤ餫ȤƤʤФޤ (ԤΥʥꥪǤϡե뤬¸ߤƤʤ˲äιθɬפˤʤޤ)

ˤäƤϡ¾ΥѥåδŪͭե뿷ѥåȤ⤢ޤ (Ȥ sgml-base ѥå򻲹ͤˤƤ)

桼ե (ɥåȥե)

/etc/skel ˤե adduser äƼưŪ˿桼ΥȲ˥ԡޤ /etc/skel ʲ¾ΤɤΥץफ⻲ȤƤ ޤ

δطǡץबưΤ $HOME ǥ쥯ȥ˥ɥåȥե򤢤餫ѰդƤɬפʤС ɥåȥեϤ餫 /etc/skel ˥󥹥ȡ뤷ƤեȤư٤Ǥ

ȤϸäƤ⡢ư뤿˼ʬǼưŪ˺ΰʳΥɥåȥե뤬ɬפʥץȤΤϡ˾ޤΤǤϤޤ

äơץ Debian ɸ।󥹥ȡ֤ǡήΥǥեȤˤǤᤤư򤹤褦ꤵƤ٤Ǥ

äơDebian ѥåΥץ򿿤ư褦ˤ꤬ɬפʤ顢 /etc ˥ȶ̤ѤեѰդƤ ץबȶ̤ɸե򥵥ݡȤƤ餺 ѥåƥʤεǽɲä;͵ʤȤϡ /etc/skel ˥桼̤Υե򤪤Ƥ⤫ޤޤ

/etc/skel ϤǤ¤ˤʤ褦ˤޤ礦 ѥå򥤥󥹥ȡ뤷Ȥˡɥåȥե¸Υ桼˥ԡñ (ơŬڤ) ȤߤʤȤ⡢٤ʤΤ餫Ȼפޤ

ե

ե̾ /var/log/package.log Ȥ̾ˤޤ log եľ䡢 ɤ߽񤭸¤ΤΩΥǥ쥯ȥɬפȤˤ (/var/log root 桼Τ߽񤭹ޤ) ̾ /var/log/package Ȥ̾Υǥ쥯ȥƤ˥֤٤Ǥ

եϻ۴Ĥ褦ˤơɤޤǤ礭ʤ뤳Ȥʤ褦ˤʤФޤ ¸ɤˡϡǥ쥯ȥ /etc/logrotate.d ˥ץȤ֤logrotate 󶡤뵡ǽȤ

ΥեΰϡñʥץȤ cron ȤäƾŪ˥۴Ĥ褦ˤΤǤ Τ˾ߤ˱ƤɤΤ褦ʽǤȤϤޤƥԤκȤ̤ɬפˤʤޤ Debian ƥǤϡ ƥץ졼ȤȤƻȤץȤưǥ󥹥ȡ뤹褦ˤ¿Ȥڤˤʤ褦ˤϤƤޤʬȤϤޤǤ

Red Hat Ҥȯ logrotate Ȥۤäɤlog Ǥޤ Υץե (/etc/logrotate.conf ) ȡ ѥå۴Ĥ뤿񤭹िΥǥ쥯ȥ (/etc/logrotate.d) ξƤޤ

Ǥ logrotate եΤ󤲤ޤ礦 (ܤ 򸫤Ƥ) /var/log/foo/*.log { rotate 12 weekly compress postrotate /etc/init.d/foo force-reload endscript } /var/log/foo ʲե󤵤12 ʬ¸۴Ľλ˥ǡեɹΤǤ

ѥå (purge) 줿ˤϡե뤬٤ƾõ褦 (ѥå줿ȤˤϾäޤ) ˤ٤Ǥ postrm ץȤ purge ǸƤФ줿ݤ˹ԤäƤ ( )

ե°Ƚͭ

ΤʹߤǵܤƤΤϰŪʥɥ饤ǤΤǡ ɬפ˱ƺǤΥƤ⤫ޤޤ ʤäƤ뤳Ȥƥ꤬ʤȡ ޤƥΤۤʬȤǽʸ¤ݻƤ뤳ȤɬǧƤ 餯ޤ debian-devel ̤ΤǤ礦

ե root.root νͭǡͭԽ񤭹߲ǽïǤɤ (Ŭ¹ԲǽǤ) 褦ˤƤ ʤե⡼ɤ 644 755 ˤʤޤ

ǥ쥯ȥΥѡߥå 755뤤ϡ롼פ񤭹߲ĤǤ 2775 ˤ٤Ǥǥ쥯ȥνͭԤ ѡߥå˹碌Ƥ Ĥޤǥ쥯ȥΥѡߥå 2775 ǤС˽񤭹ɬפΤ륰롼פΥ桼ͭԤꤷƤ

ѥååץ졼ɤݤˡѥå˴ޤޤեΥʤѡߥåѹƤˤϡdpkg ϥ󥹥ȡ˽ͭȥѡߥåꤵ褦˽ޤ âϥǥ쥯ȥФƤŬѤޤ Ĥޤꡢƥ˴¸ߤǥ쥯ȥΥѡߥåȽͭϡѥåΥ󥹥ȡ䥢åץ졼ɤκݤѹޤ ϡ/usr ʤɤζ̥ǥ쥯ȥˤѹʤ褦ˤ뤿ν֤Ǥ ѥåλĥǥ쥯ȥΥѡߥåѹˤϡ ̾ postinst ʤɤŪ˽Ԥɬפޤ ξ硢󥰥졼ɤ򰷤нԤʤФޤ

setuid setgid 줿¹ԥեΥѡߥåϤ줾 47552755 ǡŬڤʽͭԤȥ롼פꤵͤФʤޤ ɤ߹Բ (4711 27114111 ʤ) ˤƤϤޤ ïǤ⼫ͳѲǽ Debian ѥåΥХʥõƤ뤳ȤǤΤǡɤ߹ԲĤˤ뤳ȤϥƥкˤϤʤ餺ñؤˤǤ Ʊͳ set-id Ƥʤ¹ԥեФɤ߹ߡ¹ԵĤ¤٤ǤϤޤ

setuid ȤΥץǤϥեΥѡߥåȤäơ ¹Ԥ򤢤Υ桼Τߤ¤ɬפޤ ξ set-id 桼 uid ͭԤȤơ¹ԤĤ줿롼פ˼¹ԵĤͿޤ λΥѡߥå 4754 Ǥ ֤ޤ¹Ԥʤ桼Фɤ߹ԲĤˤ뤳ȤϡҤͳǰ̣ޤ

ƥԤʥƥˤ˹碌뤿ᡢ ƥХʥΥѡߥåѤƥѥåꤹȤˤƤ⤫ޤޤ ξϡʲǵܤ̤ dpkg-statoverride

dpkg ǥ󥹥ȡ뤵̾Υե (conffile 䤽¾ƱͤʥեȤϰۤʤ) ƥ󥹥ȡ뤷ȤۻΥѡߥåäƤޤޤ âdpkg-statoverride ȤФưѹǤޤ ΤȤˤϡѥå dpkg-statoverride ˤĤƤεҤ˺줺褦ˤƤεǽ Debian ˲ääƤޤۤɷФäƤʤΤǡ¿ʬޤޤΤƤޤ

ȤȤǤޤ ⤦ĤˡȤơ㤨ХץѤ뤳ȤǤ륰롼פꡢ setuid ¹ԥեϤΥ롼פ¹ԤǤ褦Ȥ뤳ȤǤޤ

ѥåΤ˿桼ޤϥ롼פɬפ硢Ĥˡޤ ˡϡΥ桼ޤϥ롼פͭԤȤƥХʥѥåνΥեޤ ޤϡХʥñʤ̾ǤϤʤ桼뤤ϥ롼 ID 򥳥ѥ褦ˤǤޤ (ˡŪ˳Ƥ줿 ID ɬפȤʤ뤿ᡢǽʸ¤򤱤٤Ǥ)

Ū˳Ƥ줿 id ɬפʾ硢base-passwd ƥδԤ˥桼뤤ϥ롼 ID γƤޤ Ƥޤǥѥå꡼뤳ȤϤǤޤ Τ褦ʥ桼䥰롼פƤ줿ʤСѥå ID /etc/passwd ʤ /etc/group ˴ޤ褦 base-passwd ѥåʹߤΥС˰¸褦ˤ뤫 ѥå preinst ޤ postinst ץǡƤ줿 ID (adduser ʤɤȤä) ʬǺ褦ˤƤ postinst ǹԤۤǽʤФɤǤ preinst Ȥ硢adduser ѥåФ԰¸طɬפˤʤޤ

ˡϡץब¹Ի˥롼̾ uidgid ꤹ褦ˤΤǡID ưŪ

ǤưŪϥ󥹥ȡۥˡΰա

Ƥޤξ硢debian-devel ƤĤԤʤޤ preinst postinst ץȤ (֤ޤԤޤǤ) ɬפ˱ adduser Ȥäƥ桼뤤ϥ롼פ褦ˤƤ

̾˴Ϣ ID ͤѤ뤳ȤϤȤƤ񤷤ƤδϢեե륷ƥफ鸡ɬפ뤳ȤդƤ ˤʤäƤѹ򵯤ޤΤǡID ŪưŪɤͤƷƤ

dpkg-statoverride λȤ

ϥݥꥷΰǤϤʤdpkg-statoverride λȤˤĤƲ⤹뤳ȤտޤƤޤ

ƥԤ۾֤ Debian ѥåȰۤʤͭԤޤϥѡߥåǥե (ޤϥǥ쥯ȥʤ) 򥤥󥹥ȡ뤷硢 ե뤬󥹥ȡ뤵ݤۤʤäȤ褦 dpkg ˻ؼФ dpkg-statoverride ȤȤǤޤ ˤäơѥåƥʤɸΥѡߥåǥեۤƤƥԤ˾ѹä褦ˤ뤳ȤǤޤ 㤨Фǡ̾ setuid root ɬפˤʤޤ ξǤ setuid ʤ˻ȤȤ硢 .deb ѥåǤ setuid դǥ󥹥ȡ뤹٤Ǥ ξ硢ΥƥԤ˾ߤ˱Ƥѹ뤳ȤǤޤ ޤ⤷󥹥ȡκݤɸŪ꤬ĤǤСƥʤ debconf Ȥäƹޤʹƥʥץ椫 dpkg-statoverride ƤǥƥԤŬѤ뤳ȤǤޤ åץ졼ɤκݤˡ¸񤭤ʤ褦θԤʤФޤ

嵭̤ꡢdpkg-statoverride ϼ˥ƥԤΤΥġǡƥʥץȤɬפˤʤ뤳Ȥ̤ޤ âΤ褦 dpkg-statoverride θƤӽФƥʥץȤɬפˤʤ礬ޤ ΰ㤬ưŪ˳Ƥ줿桼䥰롼 ID ȤǤξ硢ѥå postinst ǰʲФͤˤʤǤ礦 ǡsysuser ưŪ˳Ƥ줿 ID ̾Ǥ for i in /usr/bin/foo /usr/sbin/bar do # only do something when no setting exists if ! dpkg-statoverride --list $i >/dev/null 2>&1 then #include: debconf processing, question about foo and bar if [ "$RET" = "true" ] ; then dpkg-statoverride --update --add sysuser root 4755 $i fi fi done ѥåѡκݡб dpkg-statoverride --remove Ƥ٤оǤޤ

ץθġ ƥΤʸ

⤷ץ ƥꤹ뤿ʸ ɬפʾˤϡdpkg-architecture -L 󶡤ʸΰĤȤ٤Ǥʸϡ os-arch Ȥ񼰤ˤʤäƤޤ OS Linux ǤˤϡOS ʬϾά뤳Ȥޤ

ͭʸϡʲ̤Ǥ i386 ia64 alpha amd64 armeb arm hppa m32r m68k mips mipsel powerpc ppc64 s390 s390x sh3 sh3eb sh4 sh4eb sparc darwin-i386 darwin-ia64 darwin-alpha darwin-amd64 darwin-armeb darwin-arm darwin-hppa darwin-m32r darwin-m68k darwin-mips darwin-mipsel darwin-powerpc darwin-ppc64 darwin-s390 darwin-s390x darwin-sh3 darwin-sh3eb darwin-sh4 darwin-sh4eb darwin-sparc freebsd-i386 freebsd-ia64 freebsd-alpha freebsd-amd64 freebsd-armeb freebsd-arm freebsd-hppa freebsd-m32r freebsd-m68k freebsd-mips freebsd-mipsel freebsd-powerpc freebsd-ppc64 freebsd-s390 freebsd-s390x freebsd-sh3 freebsd-sh3eb freebsd-sh4 freebsd-sh4eb freebsd-sparc kfreebsd-i386 kfreebsd-ia64 kfreebsd-alpha kfreebsd-amd64 kfreebsd-armeb kfreebsd-arm kfreebsd-hppa kfreebsd-m32r kfreebsd-m68k kfreebsd-mips kfreebsd-mipsel kfreebsd-powerpc kfreebsd-ppc64 kfreebsd-s390 kfreebsd-s390x kfreebsd-sh3 kfreebsd-sh3eb kfreebsd-sh4 kfreebsd-sh4eb kfreebsd-sparc knetbsd-i386 knetbsd-ia64 knetbsd-alpha knetbsd-amd64 knetbsd-armeb knetbsd-arm knetbsd-hppa knetbsd-m32r knetbsd-m68k knetbsd-mips knetbsd-mipsel knetbsd-powerpc knetbsd-ppc64 knetbsd-s390 knetbsd-s390x knetbsd-sh3 knetbsd-sh3eb knetbsd-sh4 knetbsd-sh4eb knetbsd-sparc netbsd-i386 netbsd-ia64 netbsd-alpha netbsd-amd64 netbsd-armeb netbsd-arm netbsd-hppa netbsd-m32r netbsd-m68k netbsd-mips netbsd-mipsel netbsd-powerpc netbsd-ppc64 netbsd-s390 netbsd-s390x netbsd-sh3 netbsd-sh3eb netbsd-sh4 netbsd-sh4eb netbsd-sparc openbsd-i386 openbsd-ia64 openbsd-alpha openbsd-amd64 openbsd-armeb openbsd-arm openbsd-hppa openbsd-m32r openbsd-m68k openbsd-mips openbsd-mipsel openbsd-powerpc openbsd-ppc64 openbsd-s390 openbsd-s390x openbsd-sh3 openbsd-sh3eb openbsd-sh4 openbsd-sh4eb openbsd-sparc hurd-i386 hurd-ia64 hurd-alpha hurd-amd64 hurd-armeb hurd-arm hurd-hppa hurd-m32r hurd-m68k hurd-mips hurd-mipsel hurd-powerpc hurd-ppc64 hurd-s390 hurd-s390x hurd-sh3 hurd-sh3eb hurd-sh4 hurd-sh4eb hurd-sparc

䤿ϡ¾ Linux ǥȥӥ塼ȤθߴʤΤǡ architecture-vendor-os ξ arch-debian-linux Ȥʤ褦ˤƤޤޤunknown ϸ줷Τǡ arch-unknown-linux Ȥޤ

ǡ

եΤ/etc/services /etc/protocols /etc/rpc netbase ѥåǴޤ ۤΥѥåϤ˽äƤϤޤ

ѥåԹǤΥե˿ȥ꤬ɬפʾˤϡ ƥʤ netbase ѥåΥƥʤϢäơȥä netbase ѥå꡼Ƥ餦٤Ǥ

ե /etc/inetd.conf update-inetd ץȤDebianNet.pm Perl ⥸塼𤵤˥ѥåץȤѹƤϤޤ ȥɲä˴ؤƤϤʸ򻲾Ȥ

ѥå /etc/inetd.conf ȤƥȥˤϡоݤȤʤ륨ȥϺǽ˰ĤΥȥ饯 (#) ֤Ƥ Τ褦˽񤫤줿Ԥ update-inetd ϡإ桼ˤäƥȥȤ줿ԡ Ȥư졢ѹ줿ѥåͭ줿ꤹ뤳ȤϤޤ

tty λѡwtmputmplastlog ι

ΥץǤϲ tty κɬפˤʤޤ C 饤֥ΥݡȤ Unix98 pty ȤȤǼ¸Ǥޤ Τ褦ʥץϡۤεǽ¸ΤɬפǤʤС ( tty κΤ) root setuid ƤϤޤ

/var/run/utmp/var/log/wtmp /var/log/lastlog ϥ롼 utmp Фƽ񤭹߲ǽʤ褦˥󥹥ȡ뤷ʤФʤޤ ޤΥե˽ɬפץ utmp setgid ƥ󥹥ȡ뤷Ƥ

ǥȥڡ

ǥڡ򡢥ƥʸԽɽ˻Ȥץबޤ Debian ǥȥӥ塼ѤǤ륨ǥڡˤϤμबΤǡ ƥԤȥ桼ߤΥǥȥڡǤ褦ˤ٤Ǥ

ˡơΥץϡ桼ޤϥƥԤԤäƤʤˤϡŬڤɸΥǥȥڡ򤹤٤Ǥ

嵭ͳǡǥڡѤƥץϡ EDITOR PAGER ĶѿѤƥǥȥڡʤФޤ ͤꤵƤʤСץ /usr/bin/editor /usr/bin/pager Ѥ褦ˤ٤Ǥ

2 ĤΥץ dpkg إѥåǽ (alternatives) ̤ƴƤޤ Τᡢǥȥڡ㵡ǽ󶡤ƥץ update-alternatives ץȤƤǼʬϿƤʤФޤ

EDITORPAGER Ķѿ򻲾Ȥư褦ץΤʾϡ /usr/bin/sensible-editor /usr/bin/sensible-pager 򥨥ǥڤӥڡΥץȤƻȤ褦ꤷƤ⤫ޤޤ Debian ܥƥ󶡤륹ץȤǡưŪ EDITOR PAGER γƴĶѿĴ٤ŬʥץưĶѿ̤ʤ /usr/bin/editor /usr/bin/pager ưޤ

ץϥ桼ιߤΥǥȽǤΤ VISUAL ĶѿѤƤ⤫ޤޤ󡣤δĶѿƤʤС EDITOR ˤͥ褵٤Ǥ /usr/bin/sensible-editor Ǥ⤳νԤƤޤ

ѥå editor pager ˰¸ɬפϤʤ

Debian ܥƥब editor pager ץ󶡤Ƥޤ

ѥå餳Ĥβۥѥå󶡤ɬפ⤢ޤ

Web Фȥץꥱ

Ǥ Debian ƥǤƤ web Ф web ץꥱ󤫤Ѥ٤ (ǥ쥯ȥ) ȤĤ URL ޤ

cgi-bin ¹ԥեϼΥǥ쥯ȥ˥󥹥ȡ뤷Ƥ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/cgi-bin-name ƼΤ褦ˤƻȤǤ褦ꤹ٤Ǥ http://localhost/cgi-bin/cgi-bin-name

HTML ʸؤΥ

ƥѥå HTML ʸ /usr/share/doc/package ֤ޤ ޤΤ褦ˤƻȤ뤳ȤǤ褦ˤƤ http://localhost/doc/package/filename

web Фʸĥ꡼Ф륢򡢤ΥۥȤΥ饤ȤΤߤʤ褦¤򤫤٤Ǥ ⤷ web ФΤ褦ʥ浡ǽʤʤ顢 ʤ褦ˤ뤫 󥹥ȡ˥ɤ䤤碌Ƥ

ؤΥ

ѥåǻѤϡ /usr/share/images/package ˳Ǽ /images/ ΥꥢѤ http://localhost/images/<package>/<filename> ȤƻȤǤ褦ˤ뤳Ȥ侩ޤ

Web ʸ롼ȥǥ쥯ȥ

web ץꥱ Web ʸ롼ȥǥ쥯ȥ˥ե֤ʤ褦ؤƤ ˡʸˤ /usr/share/doc/package ǥ쥯ȥѤdoc-base ѥåͳ web ץꥱȤϿ٤Ǥ ɤƤ Web ʸ롼ȥǥ쥯ȥȤ虜򤨤ʤˤϡ /var/www Web ʸ롼ȥǥ쥯ȥȤƻȤäƤ ϡƥԤºݤ Document Root ȤꤷؤΥܥå󥯤⤷ޤ

httpd httpd-cgi 󶡤뤳

֥Фϡۥѥå httpd 󶡤٤Ǥ֥Ф CGI 򥵥ݡȤƤ硢 ˲ۥѥå httpd-cgi 󶡤٤Ǥ

CGI ץȤޤޤʤ֥ץꥱϡhttpd ˰¸٤ǤޤCGI ץȤ ºݤ ޤ०֥ץꥱϡ httpd-cgi ˰¸٤Ǥ

᡼ۿ桼

Żҥ᡼򰷤 Debian ѥåϡ줬᡼桼 (mail-user-agentsMUA) ޤϥ᡼ (mail-transport-agentsMTA) ΤǤ졢˽򤷤Ƥ뤳ȤǧƤ 줬ʤϥ᡼򼺤äꡢFrom: Ԥäꡢ¾ήλ⤷ޤ

FHS ˵ܤ̤ꡢ᡼륹ס /var/mail Ǥꡢ᡼륤󥿡եץ /usr/sbin/sendmail Ǥ ΥƥǤϡ᡼륹סʪŪ /var/spool/mail ֤٤ƤΥ᡼륹סΥ /var/mail ܥå󥯤𤷤ƹԤäƤ⤢ޤ ᡼륹סϴܥƥ (Base System) ǡMTA ѥåΰǤϤޤ

Debian ƥ MUAMTAMDA Ӥ¾Υ᡼ܥå򻲾Ȥץ (IMAP ǡʤ) Ϥ٤ NFS ĶǰˡȤäƥեåԤʤФޤ ʤfcntl() ˤåϥɥåȥեˤåʻѤʤФʤޤ ǥåɥå򤱤뤿ᡢץǤϤޤ fcntl() Ȥäơμ˥ɥåȥեåȤĤΥå֥åʤ

ĤΥåǤʤˤϡƥܤΥåǤޤԤĤΤǤϤʤ ǽΥåơǷꤷ֤Ԥ٥åμ򤪤ʤ褦ˤƤ

ǻȤ٤Ǥ liblockfile*ѥå

δؿȤˤϡliblockfile1 (>>1.01) ؤΰ¸ꤹɬפޤ

˴ޤޤ maillock mailunlock ȤΤ嵭¸뤪ΤǤ

᡼ܥåϥƥԤ¾Фʤ¤ꡢ̾ϥ⡼ 660 user.mail ΥѡߥåǤ MUA ɬפ˱ƥ᡼ܥåƤ⤫ޤޤ (üʥѡߥåˤʤäƤʤ) ξˤ MTA ۤ MUA ɬפ˱ƥ᡼ܥåƺǤʤФʤޤ ᡼ܥå mail 롼פ񤭹߲ǽǤʤФʤޤ

᡼륹סǥ쥯ȥ 2775 root.mail ǡMUA Ͼ嵭Υå뤿 mail setgid Ƥ٤Ǥ øȤä¾οͤΥ᡼ܥå˥뤳Ȥ򤱤ʤФʤޤ

/etc/aliases ƥΥ᡼륨ꥢ (㤨Сpostmasterusenetʤ) ܤ줿եǡƥԤ postinst ץȤԽƤޤ/etc/aliases ץफ顢뤤ϿͼԽˤ newaliases ޥɤƤӽФʤФʤޤ Ƥ MTA ѥå (ºݤˤϲ⤷ʤΤǤäȤƤ) newaliases ץƱƤʤФʤޤ Ť MTA ѥåˤϤ줬ʤΤ⤢ޤΤǡȤ newaliases ĤʤƤץब 褦ˤ٤ǤޤΤ MTA ѥå mail-transport-agent ۥѥåФ ProvidesConflicts Replaces λĤδϢ򥳥ȥեǹԤɬפޤ

᡼ܥåžΥɥ쥹񤯻ȤߤϥݡȤƤޤ .forward եȤäƤ

UUCPǻȤ rmail ץ /usr/sbin/rmail ˤƤƱͤ batch-SMTP-over-UUCP rsmtp ϡݡȤƤϡ/usr/sbin/rsmtp ֤٤Ǥ

ѥåǡǺ줿ؤΥ˥塼᡼ΥåФƻȤ̾ (ʤ) ɬפʾϡ/etc/mailname եȤ٤Ǥ ΥեˤϤΥޥΥ桼Υ᡼륢ɥ쥹Ȥơ桼̾ @ θ³ʬ񤫤Ƥޤ (Ǹ˲Ԥޤ)

Τ褦ʥѥåϤΥե¸ߤåʤФʤޤ Υե뤬¸ߤСʾμʤˤΥեȤäƤ (MTAꥹץǤϡΥե뤬¸ߤƤˤȤɤμ򤷤Ƥ⤫ޤޤ) Υե뤬¸ߤʤСѥå˥桼 /etc/mailname ˽񤯤٤Ƥ䤤碌 (debconf ȤΤޤǤ)Ƥ񤤤Ƥ Ǥ䤤碌Ǥϡ䤤碌Ƥ̾ϡ 䤤碌ԤäƤѥåǻȤΤǤϤʤȤϤäʬ褦˼Ԥ褦αդƤ 㤨Сinn ѥåǤϼΤ褦˼䤷Ƥޤ Please enter the "mail name" of your system. This is the hostname portion of the address to be shown on outgoing news and mail messages. The default is syshostname, your system's host name. Mail name ["syshostname"]: syshostname hostname --fqdn νϷ̤Ǥ

˥塼ƥ

NNTP (˥塼) Ф䥯饤Ȥ˴طեϤ٤ /etc/news ʲ֤ʤФʤޤ

ΥޥǤʣΥ˥塼饤Ȥ䥵ХѥåѤαޤ 򼡤ޤ /etc/news/organization ޥ NNTP 饤ȤƤ줿 Organization إå˸ (٤) ʸǼޤ /etc/news/server ή NNTP Ф FQDN 񤫤Ƥޤ ʬȤ˥塼ФǤ⤢ˤ localhost Ƚ񤫤Ƥޤ ΤۤΥѥå֤ǻѤ˥塼Ϣɬפ˱ŬɲäƤ

X ɥƥѤΥץ X ݡȤ󶡤ȥѥåץ饤ƥ

X ɥƥб褦ǽʥץ X ɥƥؤΥݡȤޤ褦˹ʤФޤ X ɥƥ಼ǻѤݡ¹Իɬפʰ¸ط褦˥ѥå¸طʤФޤ ޤΥѥå줬¸ X ѥå⤤ץ饤ƥǥ󥹥ȡ뤵 (оݤȤʤѥå standard ޤϤ⤤ץ饤ƥǥ󥹥ȡ뤵ΤǤ) ˤϡX Ϣʬ̥ѥåʬΥ뤫X 򥵥ݡȤǤΥѥå뤫 ѥåΥץ饤ƥ򲼤뤫β줫нԤɬפޤ

X Ф󶡤ѥå

X Ф󶡤ѥåľܤޤϴܤ˼ºݤϵɽϡɥѥåϥȥե˲ۥѥå xserver󶡤뤳Ȥ

ϲۥѥåꥹȤˤ xserver ۥѥåλˡ˴ؤ븽ߤλԤݥꥷȤƤμºݤξ󶡤ΤǤ üŪ˸äơǥץ쥤ϥϡɥľܡޤ̤Υ֥ƥͳ (GGI ) ǥ󥿡ե X Ф xserver ۥѥå󶡤٤ǤXvfbXnest Xprt Τ褦ʤΤϲۥѥå󶡤٤ǤϤޤ

٤Ǥ

ߥʥ륨ߥ졼󶡤ѥå

ʲǵܤߥʥ륨ߥ졼󶡤ѥåϡȥե˲ۥѥå x-terminal-emulator 󶡤뤳Ȥ٤Ǥ ޤΤ褦ʥѥåϤޤʬȤץ饤ƥ 20 /usr/bin/x-terminal-emulator ؤȤ褦٤Ǥ

x-terminal-emulator Ǥ뤿ˤϡץϼξʤФޤ DEC VT100 ߥʥ롢ޤϤ˸ߴʥߥʥ򥨥ߥ졼ȤǤ뤳ȡ ޥɹԥץ -e command ˤäơߥʥ륦ɥǤ

ߥʥ륦ɥϡɥޥ͡ƤȤ뿷ȥåץ٥ X ΥɥǤɬפϤޤ ץब˥ǥ󥰤Ƥʤ顢ʣʸ񥤥󥿡ե (MDI) Ǥο "ӥ塼" ǤäƤ⤫ޤޤ ξǻޥxterm Ʊͤ˥ޥɥ饤λĤʬ exec ϤȤDz¹Ԥ뤳ȤǤ뤳ȡ ޥɹԥץ -T title ǡɥȥ title Ȥäߥʥ륦ɥǤ뤳ȡ

ɥޥ͡󶡤ѥå

ɥޥ͡󶡤ѥåϡȥե˲ۥѥå x-window-manager 󶡤뤳Ȥ٤Ǥ Τ褦ʥѥåϤޤʬȤ򼡤ץ饤ƥ /usr/bin/x-window-manager ؤȤ褦٤Ǥ ޤץ饤ƥ 20 Ϥޤ ɥޥ͡㤬 Debian ˥塼ƥ򥵥ݡȤƤƤꡢ ѥåɸǤΥݡȤȤ褦ˤʤäƤ (ƥ桼λեǡεǽͭɬפʤ) 硢20­Ƥ եѹʤФʤʤ硢10 ­Ƥ ⤷ɥޥ͡㤬 δƤ硢40 ­Ƥ ⤷ɥޥ͡㤬ɸ겼 ̤ ɥޥ͡Ȥä X åƵưǽ (X ФƵư) ʤ 10 ­Ƥ 줬Ǥʤʤ鲿­ޤ

եȤ󶡤ѥå

X ɥƥΥե

Debian Policy Ū塢 X ɥƥΥեȤȤäƤΤϡX ץȥꥯȷͳǥΤǤ Linux 󥽡ΥեȡPostScript ŸѤΤΤ䤽¾ŪǻȤΤϤʬˤϴޤޤ âΤ褦ʥեȤ X ɥƥǻȤ褦ˤġϡΥեȥݥꥷ˽ɬפޤ

󶡤ѥåǤ X ӥեȥФѹʤˤ줬ͭˤʤ褦ˡޤʬȤξϿݤ¾Υեȥѥåξʤ褦ˤ뤿ᡢĤκȤԤɬפޤ X ɥƥǥݡȤեȤϤɤμΤΤǤץ饤֥ʸ (饤󥹾ʤɡΥեȤФΤϤΤ) Ȥ̤ΥХʥѥåˤʤФޤ ⤷ѥå (̥ѥå) ѥå󥰤줿ĤʤʣΥեȤŬڤưΤɬפȤʤ Recommended ñ˳ĥǽ󶡤ʤ Suggests Υեȥѥå˻ꤷƤ ѥåեȥѥåФ Depend ꤷƤϤޤ

X ФϥΥե륷ƥȥͥåȥۤ X եȥФξեȤ뤳ȤǤ뤫Ǥ Debian ѥåƥϥΥե륷ƥǽϤޤ

BDF եȤ xutils ѥåϿ bdftopcf 桼ƥƥȤä PCF եȤѴgzip ǰ̤٤˱ǥ쥯ȥ֤ʤФޤ 100 dpi ΥեȤ /usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi/ ֤ʤФޤ 75 dpi ΥեȤ /usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/ ֤ʤФޤ ʸեȡեȤ䤽Τۤ٤ΥեȤ /usr/share/fonts/X11/misc/ ֤ʤФޤ Speedo եȤ /usr/share/fonts/X11/Speedo/ ֤ʤФޤ Type 1 եȤ /usr/share/fonts/X11/Type1/ ֤ʤФޤ ⤷ȥåե뤬󶡤Ƥʤ顢Ʊǥ쥯ȥ֤ʤФޤ 嵭¤٤줿ʳ /usr/share/fonts/X11/ ʲΥ֥ǥ쥯ȥȤäꤷƤϤޤ PEXCID cyrillic ǥ쥯ȥŪаޤ㳰Ƥޤǥ쥯ȥ˥ե򥤥󥹥ȡ뤹뤳ȤϤϤ򤱤ۤǤ礦 եȥѥåϾ嵭 X եȥǥ쥯ȥľܥե򤪤 ե륷ƥμºݤξؤܥå󥯤եȥǥ쥯ȥ֤褦ˤƤ⤫ޤޤ ξ硢ºݤ˥եȤ֤ FHS ξˤƤ եȥѥå 75dpi 100dpi ξСΥեȤϿ٤ǤϤޤ ⤷ξβ٤ΤΤʤ顢ΥեȤϿѥå̾ -75dpi -100dpi ȤդΩΥХʥѥå󶡤Ƥ misc ֥ǥ쥯ȥ˼ϿեȤϡƱѥå 75dpi 100dpi ΥեȤϿƤƤϤޤ ˡΥեȤϿѥå̾ -misc դΩΥХʥѥå󶡤Ƥ եȥѥåϥեȥǥ쥯ȥ fonts.dirfonts.alias ڤ fonts.scale γƥեϿƤϤޤ fonts.dir եϤɤΤ褦ʷǤϿƤϤޤ fonts.alias fonts.scale եɬפʤ /etc/X11/fonts/fontdir/package.extension ǥ쥯ȥ˼Ͽ٤Ǥ fontdir ϴϢեȤϿ /usr/share/fonts/X11/ ʲΥ֥ǥ쥯ȥ̾ (Ĥޤꡢ75dpi misc ʤ) ǡpackage ϤΥեȤϿѥå̾Ǥ ޤextension ϥեƤ˽ scale alias Τɤ餫ˤʤޤ եȥѥå xfonts-utils ؤΰ¸طʤФޤ Ĥޤʣ fonts.scale եϿեȥѥåǤϡեȤ򥤥󥹥ȡ뤷ƥǥ쥯ȥǡ update-fonts-dir ¹Ԥ update-fonts-scale ǥ쥯ȥФ ¹ԤʤФޤ μ¹Ԥεư postinst () postrm (upgrade ʳΰ) ξǹԤʤФޤ Ĥޤʣ fonts.alias եϿեȥѥåǤϡեȤ򥤥󥹥ȡ뤷ƥǥ쥯ȥ update-fonts-alias ¹ԤʤФޤ μ¹Ԥεư postinst () postrm (upgrade ʳΰ) ξǹԤʤФޤ եȥѥåǤϡեȤ򥤥󥹥ȡ뤷ƥǥ쥯ȥ update-fonts-dir ¹ԤʤФޤ μ¹Ԥεư postinst () postrm (upgrade ʳΰ) ξǹԤʤФޤ եȥѥåϡ˥ѥåƤ¾ΥեȤǻѤƤ륨ꥢ̾Ⱦͤ륨ꥢ̾ǥեȤϿƤϤޤ եȥѥåϡ˥ѥåƤ¾ΥեȤƱ XLFD 쥸ȥ̾ǥեȤϿƤϤޤ

ץꥱɸե

ץꥱɸե /etc/X11/app-defaults/ ˥󥹥ȡ뤷ʤФޤ (X Toolkit Intrinsics - C Language Interface ޥ˥奢뵭ܤΤ褦 /etc/X11/ Υ֥ǥ쥯ȥ˻Ѥ뤳Ȥϵޤ) conffile ǤȤ°ꤹ뤫եȤưʤФޤ

X ꥽Ȥäץ /etc/X11/Xresources/ ֤ѥåƱ̾ΥեѰդ뤳Ȥ

ε app-defaults ȤƱǤϤʤȤդƤ app-defaults ϥե륷ƥΥ饤ȥХʥȷӤĤƤޤ X ꥽ X Ф˳Ǽ졢٤Ƥ³륯饤ȤŬѤޤ

ݡȤƤޤΥեϡconffile ǤȤ°ꤹ뤫եȤưʤФޤ

󥹥ȡоݥǥ쥯ȥ˴ؤ

X ɥƥȤѥåϡ/usr/X11R6/ ʲ˥ե򥤥󥹥ȡ뤹褦ꤹ٤ǤϤޤ /usr/X11R6/ ǥ쥯ȥ곬ؤϡ ѻߤˤʤäȸʤƤ

GNU autoconf automake Ȥץ /usr/X11R6/ ǤϤʤ /usr/ Ȥ褦ѥѹΤ̾ưפǤΤǡǽʸ¤ꤽ٤Ǥ ǥץ쥤ޥ͡䥦ɥޥ͡ե /etc/X11/ ǥ쥯ȥʲΥѥå̾ΤΥ֥ǥ쥯ȥ˥󥹥ȡ뤷Ƥ ϡΥץब X ɥƥư̩˴Ϣ뤿Ǥ ץꥱ٥ΥץϡݥꥷӻؼƤʤ¤ /etc/ ʲѤƤ

֥ǥ쥯ȥ /usr/X11R6/include/X11/ /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/ ʲ˥ե򥤥󥹥ȡ뤹뤳Ȥϸߤ϶ػߤǤ ѥåƥʤϡ /usr/lib/ /usr/share/ Τɤ餫Ȥ褦ȽǤ٤Ǥ

ѥåϡǥ쥯ȥ /usr/include/X11/ /usr/lib/X11/ ˴Ϣե򥤥󥹥ȡ뤹٤Ǥ âԤˤϡѥå x11-common (>= 1:7.0.0)

Υ饤֥ϡϥܥå󥯤Ǥ X11R7 ǡ/usr/include/X11 /usr/lib/X11 ʪΥǥ쥯ȥˤʤäᡢ ѥå /usr/X11R6/{include,lib}/X11 ǤϤʤ ˴Ϣե򥤥󥹥ȡ ٤ Ǥx11-common (>= 1:7.0.0) 嵭ǥ쥯ȥ꤬ܥå󥯤ǤϤʤ ʪΥǥ쥯ȥǤ뤳ȤݾڤѥåǤ

԰¸ʤФޤ

The OSF/Motif OpenMotif 饤֥

DFSG ߴ OSF/Motif ޤ OpenMotif 饤֥

ΥݥꥷʸǤ OSF/Motif OpenMotif 򤢤碌 Motif ȸƤǤޤ

ɬפȤץǤϡMotif ̼ǥե꡼ LessTif ʤư뤫Ĵ٤٤Ǥ ⤷Motif Ǥưץब LessTif ǤۡݡȤѤ­ưʤȥƥʤȽǤʤСĤǤΥѥå Motif 饤֥Ū˥󥯤 -smotif ѥå̾ˤĤ ⤦ Motif 饤֥ưŪ˥󥯤 -dmotif ѥå̾ˤĤΤ٤Ǥ

ɤ Motif ˥󥯤ѥå DFSG ˽򤷤ʤեȥ˰¸ƤΤǡmain ǥȥӥ塼ˤϥåץɤǤޤ ΥեȥΤ DFSG ˽򤷤ΤǤȤϡ contrib ǥȥӥ塼˥åץɤǤޤ ΤƤ Motif γǤϤ٤ŪޤưŪƱ饤֥˥󥯤줿ХʥκۤƤޤȤäƤ Motif Υ饤󥹤ǺۤǽɤǧΤϥƥʤǤǤ

Perl ץȥ⥸塼뷲

Perl ץȥ⥸塼ϡߤ Perl ݥꥷ˽٤Ǥ

Perl ݥꥷ debian-policy ѥå perl-policy եȤƱƤޤޤ Debian ֥ߥ顼 ˤ⤢ޤ

Emacs lisp ץ

emacs lisp ץѥå󥰤ݤˤϡDebian Emacs Policy٤򻲾Ȥ

Emacs Policy emacsen-common ѥå debian-emacs-policy.gz Ȥ̾ǼϿƤޤ ޤDebian ֥ߥ顼Ȥ ˤ֤Ƥޤ

/var/games Υѡߥåϥ⡼ 755ͭ rootroot Ǥ

ƥϸġ˥ƥˤƤޤޤ

ϥե롢¸եʤɤݸ졢ø ɬפʥեĥϡʡ롼פ root.games ˤ 2755 set-gid Ƥեȥǥ쥯ȥˤŬʥѡߥå (㤨С770 root.games) ͿƤ⤫ޤޤ set-user-id ϥƥ꤬ΤǤƤϤޤ (åͤ set-user-id 줿ˤ뤳ȤǤ顢Υե¾μ¹ԥեǾ񤭤ۤΥץ쥤䡼ȥϤ¹ԤƤޤȤˤʤޤ set-gid 줿ǤϡåϤޤפǤϤʤΥǡ˥Ǥ褦ˤʤǡ ۤΥץ쥤䡼ΥȤˤ뤳ȤǤȤƤ⡢ˤϹˤʤϫϤ񤹤ȤˤʤǤ礦)

Υѥå㤨 fortune cookie ץǤϡǡե䤽¾Ūʾɤ߹ԲĤǥ󥹥ȡ뤷󶡤 set-id 줿ץˤäƤΤߥǤ褦ˡήγȯԤꤷƤޤ Τ褦ʤȤ Debian ѥåǤ٤ǤϤޤ ʤȤʤïǤ .deb եɤƤȤɤळȤǤޤ顢ɤ߹ԲĤΥեȤäƤ̵̣ʤǤ ޤɤ߹ԲĤΥեʤȤ set-id 줿ץ򤿤ɬפʤʤ뤳Ȥ̣ޤˤꥻƥۡΥꥹ򸺤餹Ȥˤʤޤ

FHS ǵꤵƤ褦ˡΥХʥ /usr/games ˥󥹥ȡ뤷Ƥ X ɥƥȤ⤳Ƥ Υޥ˥奢 (X ѡX ԻѤξȤ) /usr/share/man/man6 ˥󥹥ȡ뤷Ƥ

ʸ ޥ˥奢(man ڡ)

ޥ˥奢 nroff /usr/share/man Ŭڤʾ˥󥹥ȡ뤹٤Ǥޤ 1 9 ޤǤΤߤȤ٤Ǥ (ܤ FHS ) եޥåȺѤߤ cat Υޥ˥奢򥤥󥹥ȡ뤷ƤϤޤ

ƥץࡢ桼ƥƥǽϤ˴Ϣޥ˥奢ڡƱѥå˴ޤ٤Ǥ ٤Ƥե⤽˴Ϣޥ˥奢ڡޤ뤳Ȥ侩ޤ ץȥ䡢¾տŪʤȤ˴ؤޥ˥奢ڡϥץ󰷤Ǥ

ޥ˥奢ڡ¸ߤƤʤϥХȸʤDebian Хȥå󥰥ƥ˥ХȤ𤹤٤Ǥ (ʬ𤷤ƤȤǤ⤫ޤޤ) Ŭڤʥޥ˥奢뤬ϿޤǤϥХĤʤǤ

ޥ˥奢ڡ񤯤ȤϤʤ񤷤ޤ 򸫤ꡢdebmake dh_make Ǻ륵ץ򸫤ƤߤƤإѡץ help2man/usr/share/doc/man-db/examples ǥ쥯ȥ⻲ͤˤʤޤ

ήκԤ˥ޥ˥奢뤬ʤȤζžDebian Хȥå󥰥ƥǤ žѤߡ٤ȤˤƤ⤫ޤޤ GNU ץȤǤϥޥ˥奢뤬ʤȤ̾ХǤϤʤȤƤޤ䤿ϥХȸʤޤ 餬ХǤϤʤϢƤǤϡ Debian Хȥå󥰥ƥǤϡ̤٤ΤޤޤˤƤƤ

ޥ˥奢 gzip -9 ǰ̤ƥ󥹥ȡ뤷ʤФޤ

ĤΥޥ˥奢ڡʣ̾ǻȤɬפϡ .so ǽȤ⥷ܥå󥯤Ȥ˾ޤǤ ήΥ .so

ͭ饤֥Ȥϴطʤnroff .so ޥɤΤȡ

ȤäƤ硢򤢤ƥܥå󥯤ѹɬפϤޤ 줬ۤɴñǤʤԤʤǤ man Υǥ쥯ȥǤϥϡɥ󥯤٤ǤϤޤ ޤ.so ̿ХѥΥե̾񤯤٤ǤϤޤ󡣥ޥ˥奢 .so ̿Ǥϡեϥޥ˥奢ĥ꡼ε (̾ /usr/share/man Ǥ) лȤȤ٤Ǥ ⤷man ڡ̾ؤ˥ (ܥå󥯡ϡɥ󥯤 .so ޥ) ե륷ƥǻȤäƤʤ硢man ʤ man ڡ̾ man ڡΥإåξ󤫤鸫Ĥ뤳Ȥ

man ǥݡȤ뤳Ȥ man ڡ򸡺ơ¸ߤƤʤȤ֤ΤʤޤǤλ֤פ̤ˤФФĤʤޤ ե륷ƥ˻Ĥ man Υǡ١˻夲뤳ȤǤ⤢ޤ ΤᡢΥݡȤ侩ˤơޤ

Ԥ٤ǤϤޤ

/usr/share/man ʲΥ¸Υ֥ƥ쥯ȥ֤ޥ˥奢ڡϡ UTF-8 θ̾Ѥ쥬󥳡ǥ (̾ /usr/share/i18n/SUPPORTED ˤθϢκûΥ̾ܤƤ) Ѥ뤳ȤǤޤ 㤨С/usr/share/man/fr ΥڡϡUTF-8 ISO-8859-1 Τ줫Ѥ뤳ȤǤޤ man ϼưŪ UTF-8 ȤƤ뤫ɤȽꤷޤ ϡ٤ƤΥޥ˥奢ڡ UTF-8 λѤɬܤˤʤޤ

̾ (de_DE DE) ϡФ礭ʰ㤤򼨤ǤʤС֥ǥ쥯ȥ̾˻ѤƤϤޤ ϡ¾ιΤθѼԤ뤳Ȥˤʤ뤫Ǥ 񤤤Ǥϡȥݥȥ줬Τ褦ʺΤʸǤ äơpt_BRzh_CNzh_TW ٤ƵƤޤ

ߤμΤᡢޥ˥奢ڡΤ٤Ƥʸϡθε쥬󥳡ǥ󥰤ɽǤʤФޤ ϡޥ˥奢ڡ UTF-8 ǥ󥳡ɤƤƱͤǤ ϰϳʸ񤯾ΰˡϡ Ƥޤ

Info ʸ

info ʸ /usr/share/info إ󥹥ȡ뤷Ƥ ޤ gzip -9 ǰ̤Ƥ٤Ǥ

ѥå Info ƥ dir ե򹹿뤿 postinst ץ configure դǸƤӽФ줿Ȥ install-info ƤӽФ٤Ǥ install-info --quiet --section Development Development \ /usr/share/info/foobar.info

ʤΥץξ򼨤˥ꤹΤɤȤǤ ˤ --section ץѤƤ ɤΥˤ뤫ϡʬΥƥ /usr/share/info/dir 򸫤ƺǤդ路ΤǤ ŬʤΤĤʤϿƤ --section ץĤΰ뤳ȤդƤ ǽΰ¸ߤƤ륻Ȱפɽ (ʸʸ϶̤ޤ) ǡ⤦ĤϺǽΰ˰פ륻󤬤ʤȤ˺롢̾ȤƻȤޤ

prerm Ǥϡremove դǸƤӽФ줿硢Τ褦ˤƥȥ٤Ǥ install-info --quiet --remove /usr/share/info/foobar.info

install-info info եΥȥ ݥȤ򸫤Ĥʤ硢ȥݥȤդ­ʤФʤޤ ηξܺ٤ 򻲹ͤˤƤ

ɲʸ

ѥå°Ƥ뤽ʳʸϥѥåƥʤκ̤ǥ󥹥ȡ뤹뤫ɤƲ ץ졼ƥȷʸ /usr/share/doc/package (package ϥѥå̾ΤǤ) ˥󥹥ȡ뤷ʤΤǤʤ¤ gzip -9 ǰ̤Ƥ٤Ǥ

оݤȤѥåȤۤȤɤΥ桼ɬפȤʤ褦¿̤ʸޤ褦ʥѥåϡ Τ褦ʸϿΩΥѥåơΤ褦ʸɬפȤʤ 󥹥ȡ뤷ʤ桼ޥΥǥڡ񤷤ʤƤ⤤褦ˤƤ٤Ǥ

Хʥѥå /usr/share/doc/package ˥ѥåդƤƼΥƥʸ (README changelog ʤ) Τ̾褤ͤǤ ޤΤȤǤѥåκ䥤󥹥ȡˡˤĤƽ񤫤줿ΤޤɬפϤޤ

ѥåϡưΤ /usr/share/doc/ ʲΥե뤬¸ߤ뤳Ȥ׵ᤷƤƤϤޤ

ƥԤץबưʤʤ뤳Ȥʤ /usr/share/doc Υեä٤Ǥ

ץफ黲Ȥ뤬ƱñȤΥɥȤȤƤΩĤ褦ʥե /usr/share/package/ ʲ˥󥹥ȡ뤷ơ /usr/share/doc/package 饷ܥå󥯤ĥäƤ

/usr/share/doc/package /usr/share/doc ʲ֤Ƥ¾Υǥ쥯ȥؤΥܥå󥯤Ȥ뤳Ȥϡ ξΥѥåƱ줿ΤǡԤԤ Depends ꤵƤȤΤߵƤޤ

εϰʲ˵ܤ changelog եεͥ褹ΤǤϤޤ󡣤Ĥޤꡢ /usr/share/package/changelog.Debian.gz եϡоݤȤʤ package (ѥå) θߤΥС changelog ؤƤʤФʤޤ ºݤˤϡξϾ嵭ξθԤθեȡܥå󥯤λؤƱ (ƱѥåȥСΤ) ˤʤǤ礦

Debian ꡼Ǥźʸ /usr/doc/package ǥ쥯ȥ˼ϿƤޤϡߤϡ /usr/share/doc/package ѹˤʤäƤꡢѥåϥǥ쥯ȥ /usr/doc/package ʸ֤ƤϤޤ

ܹԤθߤλǤϡ/usr/doc/ ؤΥܥå󥯤ϤϤɬפȤƤޤ ϡܥå󥯤κϥХȤʤ褦ݥꥷѹǤ礦

ޤʸ

Debian ץȤǤ ʸη첽 HTML ˤԤʤƤޤ

ѥå˳Ƽ񼰤Ѵǽʥޡå׷ξܺʸ°ƤϡХʥѥåˤϲǽʤ HTML ΤΤ

§β⡧ǽפʤȤϡHTML ʸ񤬰ϢΥѥå ѥå˼ϿƤ褦ˤ٤ȤȤǤ ХʥѥåΤ˼ϿƤɬפϤޤ

/usr/share/doc/appropriate-package ӤΥ֥ǥ쥯ȥ˥󥹥ȡ뤷Ƥ

PostScript Τ褦¾ηϥѥåƥʤκ̤󶡤Ƥ

Ϣ

ƥѥåˤϡ۾Υ饤ʸ񤬸Τޤޤη /usr/share/doc/package/copyright ˼ϿƤʤФޤ Υեϰ̤Ƥꡢܥå󥯤ǤäꤷƤϤޤ

Ⱦ GPL ۤι໲

ޤեˤϸȤʤäήΥɤ줿򵭺ܤʤФʤޤ ޤѥåθԤ̾ȥѥå˴Ϳ Debian ƥʤ̾ܤ٤Ǥ

contrib ޤ non-free ƥΥѥåϡեˤΥѥå Debian GNU/Linux ΰǤϤʤȡӤδʷͳ򼨤٤Ǥ

/usr/share/doc/package/copyright ˥󥹥ȡ뤵եΥԡ debian/copyright ˼ϿƤ٤Ǥ

/usr/share/doc/package ϡ/usr/share/doc ʲ¾Υǥ쥯ȥΥܥå󥯤Ʊե뤫줿ΤǤ뤳ȡФ "Depends" ǰ¸Ƥ뤳ȤƤ뤳ȡĤξȤΤߡܥå󥯤Ȥ뤳ȤǤޤ ε§ϡϢե뤬ŪФǤ褦ˤ뤿ڤˤʤΤǤ

ѥåե˥إС쥤 BSD 饤󥹡 Apache 饤 (version 2) Artistic Licensethe GNU GPL (version 2 ޤ 3), GNU LGPL (versions 2, 2.1, ޤ 3) ޤ the GNU FDL (version 1.2) ˴ŤۤƤˤϡcopyright եǰѤΤǤϤʤ/usr/share/common-licenses ʲγƥե

Ūˤ /usr/share/common-licenses/BSD, /usr/share/common-licenses/Apache-2.0, /usr/share/common-licenses/Artistic, /usr/share/common-licenses/GPL-2, /usr/share/common-licenses/GPL-3, /usr/share/common-licenses/LGPL-2, /usr/share/common-licenses/LGPL-2.1, /usr/share/common-licenses/LGPL-3, /usr/share/common-licenses/GFDL-1.2 Ǥ

򻲾Ȥ褦ˤƤ

copyright եŪ README ȤƻȤ٤ǤϤޤ ѥåΤ褦 README եȤƽ񤯤٤ƤäƤ /usr/share/doc/package/READMEREADME.Debian 䤽¾Ŭڤʾ˥󥹥ȡ뤵٤Ǥ

ʤ

ե䥽եʤɤ /usr/share/doc/package/examples ǥ쥯ȥ˥󥹥ȡ뤷Ƥ Υեץफ黲ȤƤϤޤ ϥƥԤ桼صΤᡢѤȤ֤ƤʸǤ ƥͭե /usr/lib/package/examples ˥󥹥ȡ뤷 /usr/share/doc/package/examples ƥե˥ܥå󥯤ĥäƤޤϡ /usr/share/doc/package/examples /usr/lib/package/examples ǥ쥯ȥؤΥܥå󥯤ǤäƤ⤫ޤޤ

ѥåŪ󶡤뤳ȤǤ硢 /usr/share/doc/package إ󥹥ȡ뤷Ƥ⤫ޤޤ

Changelog ե

Debian ͳΤΤǤʤѥåˤϡDebian ĥ꡼ debian/changelog ΰ̤줿ԡ /usr/share/doc/package changelog.Debian.gz ȤƴޤޤƤʤФޤ

ή changelog ϡϥץ졼ƥȷǡ /usr/share/doc/package/changelog.gz ȤƥǤ褦ˤ٤Ǥ changelog ե뤬 HTML ۤƤʤ /usr/share/doc/package/changelog.html.gz Ȥ̾ΤǻȤǤ褦ˤ٤

§β: ̤̾Ȥ HTML Ȥäơή changelog 򻲾ȤΤ󥫽򸫤ʤФʤʤ褦ˤ٤ǤϤޤ

changelog.gz ϥץ졼ƥȷȤơ㤨 lynx -dump -nolist HTML ե뤫٤Ǥ ή changelog ե뤬ǽ񤤤Ƥ̿̾§˱äƤʤǤΡե̾ѹ롢 뤤ϥܥå󥯤Ȥʤɤν֤ϥѥåȯԤκ̤Ǥޤ

餹٤ƤΥեϡϤϾȤ֤ȶ礭ʤ뤿ᡢ gzip -9 Ȥäư̤ƥ󥹥ȡ뤹٤Ǥ

ήγȯԤ Debian ƥʤƱʪǤ뤿 Debian changelog ȸ changelog Ĥ changelog ȤʤäƤϡ changelog /usr/share/doc/package/changelog.gz; ˥󥹥ȡ뤷Ƥή̤θԤ뤱ɤ⸵ changelog ʤˤ⡢Debian changelog changelog.Debian.gz ΤޤޤˤƤ

ϿξҲȡŬϰ

Ͽ򽪤ѥå󥰥ޥ˥奢 С 3.2.1.0 餽ΤޤޤηǻäƤΤǤ ϡѥåƥʤˤΩʤΤ⡢ޤݥꥷʸˤϼϿƤʤϤʬǤ ¿ϥݥꥷƤȤŬڤǤʤ⤷ޤ Τ褦ʬϥѥå󥰥ƥʸȹͤΤǤ ǸäƤΤϡʸϤߤʤصޤ뤿ᡢŪаޤΤϿ줿ΤȤȤǤ ϤäƤϥݥꥷѥåΰǤdpkg ʸˤޤ礵Ƥޤ ʸˤϤޤͤޤΤˤ˼ϿƤΤǤ

ϡݥꥷʸ礬Ƥ뤫ΥåϤʤƤޤ󤷡ʬϥݥꥷʸͥ褵ޤ Ťѥå󥰥ޥ˥奢λĤξϤϤޤ˥ݥꥷޥ˥奢˼ϿƤʤʬɤθڤʤƤޤ ξΥåϤ줫ԤͽǤ

ʸǤϥѥå󥰥ޥ˥奢ενɬפ˱Ƽ»ܤޤʲˤĤƤؤɼƤޤ ¤ѤʤȤ䡢餫ʴְ㤤ΤʬäƤޤʸʸȤäƤʤΤǶʸľΤϤƤޤ ޤʸƱʸȤʤäƤȤǡϿʸƱʸˤʤäƤ뤫ɤͤ碌äƤޤ (Ѥʳ˰̣Τ뽤ǤϤʤ) 嵭̤껲ͤˤȤɤƤ

ʲΥѥå󥰥ޥ˥奢Τϡݥꥷޥ˥奢ѤߤǡϿƤޤ ξ꤫鿷Фƥ󥯤Ƥޤ

dpkg ϥХʥեUnix ƥˤ򥤥󥹥ȡ뤷ꤹ뤿ΰ췲Υץ

dpkg Debian GNU/Linux оݤȤƺƤΤǤϤޤ¾ΥƥǤưܿϲǽǤ

Ǥ

ΥХʥѥåϡ󥹥ȡѤμ¹Բǽʥץ (̾ϥѥѤΥХʥ) ȴϢǡδѤ߷פƤޤ ɤɥȤޤΤ⤢ޤ

Υޥ˥奢ˤϡDebian ΥХʥѥå (.deb ե) ǤεŪ¦̤ҤƤޤ dpkgdselect Υѥåץưȡ餬ɤΤ褦˥ѥå갷ˤĤƵҤƤޤ

Υޥ˥奢ϡdselect Υʬȥ᥽åɥץȤδ֤Τꡢ᥽åɤκˡˤĤƤڤޤ ᥽åɥץȤϡ򤷤ѥåμºݤΥ󥹥ȡôޤ

Υޥ˥奢Ǥϡѥåġ䥤󥹥ȡġΥץȤˤĤƤξܤϹԤʤޤ Υץ man ڡȰɤDz

dpkg Ȱ󶡤 update-rc.d install-info Ȥä͡ʥƥԤʤ桼ƥƥץˤĤƤξܺ٤⤳ǤϿޤ ˤĤƤ⡢줾 man ڡ򸫤Ʋ

Υޥ˥奢 dpkg System Administrators' manual 褯򤷤Ƥͤоݤ˽񤫤Ƥޤ ǰʤ餽Υޥ˥奢Ϥޤޤ

Debian ѥåäƤߤͤΤˡFSF GNU hello ץ Debian ǤȤ󶡤Ƥޤ Debian ѥåκȰݻʥġȤ debmake ѥå򤪴ᤷޤ ġͭѤǤϤޤɤǽ٤ʸȤƤ Policy Manual Programmer's Manual ˤϤʤޤ

Хʥѥå ( Packaging Manual )

Хʥѥå礭ʬƣĤʬʤޤ ǽʬˤ dpkg 󥹥ȡ˻Ȥ͡ե䥹ץȤäƤޤ 򸫤Ƥ

Ĥʬϥ󥹥ȡ뤵եǥ쥯ȥޤ֤Ǥ

衢¾ˤåŻҽ̾ʤɤХʥѥå˴ޤޤ褦ˤʤǤ礦 ֤ΥեޥåȤˤĤƤϥޥ˥奢 deb(5) man ڡ˴ʵҤޤ

ѥåեκ - dpkg-deb

ХʥѥåեϤ٤ dpkg-deb ǹԤʤޤ dpkg-deb ϥѥåեޥåȤ򤹤ͣΥץǤ (dpkg-deb ɬפ˱ dpkg ƤӽФޤdpkg ϰꤵ줿ץ dpkg-deb ŬڤʤΤɤʬƱ dpkg-deb ƤӽФޤ)

Хʥѥå뤿ˤϡ ѥåΥե륷ƥǡʬ줿եǥ쥯ȥƴޤǥ쥯ȥĥ꡼ʤФʤޤ Debian եޥåȤΥѥåǤϡΥǥ쥯ȥ̾ϥѥåΥĥ꡼ΥȥåפХѥ debian/tmp Ǥ

Υեǥ쥯ȥϡ󥹥ȡ뤵줿ˤʤԤ륷ƥǤ (ʤǥ쥯ȥĥ꡼Υ롼ȤȤФǤ) ֤ȽͭԤȵ°äƤʤФʤޤ

ߤΥС dpkg Ǥϡ 桼ȥ롼פѤ uid/usernamegid/groupname бϥѥå줿ƥȥ󥹥ȡ뤵륷ƥȤƱˤ٤Ǥ

ʤߥ˥奢ե륷ƥΥ롼Ȥ DEBIAN Ȥ̤ʥǥ쥯ȥ ɲäʤФʤޤ ˤե롢ä˥Хʥѥåȥե뤬ޤޤޤ ( 򸫤Ʋ)

DEBIAN ǥ쥯ȥϥѥåΥե륷ƥॢ֤ˤޤ äơdpkg ˤäƥѥå󥹥ȡ뤵ˤϥ󥹥ȡ뤵ޤ

ѥåνǤ鼡Τ褦ˤޤ dpkg --build directory

ˤ directory.deb ˥ѥåۤޤ (dpkg --build dpkg-deb ΥץǤ뤳ȤΤäƤ뤿ᡢ ѥåۤ뤿 dpkg-deb Ʊץǵưޤ)

줿եȤĴ٤ˡˤĤƤξܺ٤ man ڡ 򸫤Ƥ ΥޥɤνϤΩľ뤳Ȥ狼Ǥ礦 dpkg-deb --info filename.deb dpkg-deb --contents filename.deb dpkg --contents filename.deb ѥå copyright ϢΥե򸫤ˤϡʲΥޥɤȤޤ dpkg --fsys-tarfile filename.deb | tar xOf - \*/copyright | pager

ѥåե

Хʥѥå dpkg ΤäƤ̾äեνǤ dpkg ϤΥեƤ̤˰ޤ ΰƤϥѥåΥ󥹥ȡλ dpkg ˻ȤΤǤäꡢ ѥåԤ dpkg ˼¹ԤץȤǤäꤷޤ

ѥå楨ꥢˤʳΥե뤳ȤϤǤޤޤꤤͤǤϤޤ (äȤ⡢̵̾뤵ޤ)

ǡdpkg ݡȤեδñʥꥹȤȤ餬˻Ȥ뤫ˤĤƤγפ󤲤Ƥޤ

control

Υեˤ dpkg ȤȤʤ󤬽񤫤Ƥޤ Υեˤѥå̾ȥСλ䡢ѥå˴ؤΥ桼ؤ󶡡 ¾ΥѥåȤδϢλʤɤԤʤޤ See 򸫤Ʋ

Υե̾ dpkg-shlibdeps ȤƻȤ dpkg-gencontrol ѥåξ󤫤鼫ưŪ˺ޤ 򸫤Ʋ

postinst, preinst, postrm, prerm

dpkg ѥåΥ󥹥ȡ롢åץ졼ɡλ˵ư¹Բǽʥե (̾ϥץ) Ǥ Υեˤꡢѥåѥåͭλ򰷤äꡢdpkg 󶡤ʣʽ򤵤뤳Ȥǽˤʤޤ Υե뤬ġɤͤ˸ƤӽФ뤫ˤĤƤξܺ٤ 򸫤Ʋ

ΥץȤˡ־ƱܡפƤȤ˽פǤ 򻲾Ȥ

ץȤüǼ¹Ԥ뤳ȤݾڤƤꡢ桼ä뤳ȤǤޤ 򻲾Ȥ

conffiles

Υեˤ dpkg ˤ꼫ưŪ˰ʤФʤʤեΥꥹȤޤޤޤ ( 򻲾) ٤Ƥե򤳤˽ɬפϤʤȤդƲ

shlibs

Υեˤϥѥå󶡤붦ͭ饤֥ΥꥹȤ줾ΰ¸طξܺ٤ȶ˴ޤޤޤ Υե dpkg-shlibdeps ѥåȥեǡɤΰ¸طɬפ˻Ѥޤ shlibs եν񼰤ˤĤƤ ˵Ҥޤ

ᥤե: control

dpkg ѥå򥤥󥹥ȡ뤹˻ȤäȤפե뤬 control Ǥ ΥեϥѥåΡֿ͸ưספ򤹤٤ ޤǤޤ

Debian 줿ѥåΥХʥѥå control ե dpkg-gencontrol Ȥ̤ʥġǺޤΥġ debian/control debian/changelog ɬפʾܤФޤܺ٤ 򸫤Ʋ

ХʥѥåȥեΥեɤ 󤵤Ƥޤ

ȥեʸˡȤΥեɤŪˤĤƤεҤ ޤ

򻲾Ȥ

ѥå ( Packaging Manual )

Debian Хʥѥå Debian ޤ Debian ϥХʥѥåñˡļưŪ˹ۤ䤹褦üʷˤʤäƤޤ

ѥå뤿Υġ

ѥå򰷤͡ʥġ뤬󶡤Ƥޤ ϥѥå䥢ѥåꡢХʥѥåιۤ俷СΥǥȥӥ塼򰷤Τꤷޤ

ǤϤΥġξҲŵŪӤޤ ưˤĤƤδʸ 򸫤Ʋ

Debian ѥåɤäƺ뤫ȡ Debian ѥåɤͤˤΥ桼ƥƥȤˤĤƤϡѥåǤ hello 򸫤Ʋ

dpkg-source - Debian ѥå ѥåȥѥå

ΥץϼưǤ褯Ȥޤޤ dpkg-buildpackage ͤʥѥå˰¸ʤưۥץȤƤӽФޤ

ѥå򥢥ѥåˤϼΤ褦˥ޥɤ¹Ԥޤ dpkg-source -x .../path/to/filename.dsc

λfilename.tar.gz ȡ⤷¸ߤʤ filename.diff.gz Ʊǥ쥯ȥ֤Ƥޤˤ package-version ǥ쥯ȥ˥򥢥ѥåɬפ˱ package-version.orig 򥫥ȥǥ쥯ȥ˥ѥåޤ

ѥå줿֤ˤϡΥޥɤ¹Ԥޤ dpkg-source -b package-version

ˤꡢ.dsc.tar.gz ȡ⤷ɬפʤ .diff.gz ȥǥ쥯ȥ˺ޤ dpkg-source Ϻǽ˥ĥ꡼ clean Ԥʤޤɬפʾ̤ˤäƤɬפޤ

⸫Ʋ

dpkg-buildpackage - Ūʥѥåۤ楹ץ

dpkg-buildpackage ϡdpkg-source debian/rules cleanbuild binary γƥåȡdpkg-genchanges ƤӤǸ gpgpgp) Ƥǽ̾ѤΥѥåӥХʥѥååץɤޤ

Υޥɤϡ̾Ǥ˹ۤƤ롢뤤̤ۤΥǥ쥯ȥΥȥåץ٥ǼưǼ¹Ԥޤ ʤǸƤӽФƤ⤫ޤޤ󡣤褯Ȥϼ̤Ǥ -uc, -us

줾졢.changes ե롢ѥå .dsc ե˥򤷤ʤȤؼǤ

-psign-command

sign-command PATH ǸĤ gpg ޤ pgp ˸ƤӽФޤ sign-command gpg ޤ pgp Ʊư򤷤ʤƤϤʤޤ

-rroot-command

root øɬפʻroot-command ȤޥɤƤӽФޤroot-command 1 򥳥ޥɤȤơɬפʤ PATH ƤӽФ 2 ʹߤƤӽФޥɤϤʤФޤ root-command Ϳʤäϡ dpkg-buildpackage root ø뤿̤ư򤷤ޤ ΤᡢۤɤɤΥѥåǤ dpkg-buildpackage root ȤƼ¹ԤʤФʤޤ

-b, -B

2 ΡХʥΤߤιۤȥåץ - 򸫤Ʋ

dpkg-gencontrol - Хʥѥåȥե

Υץ̾諒ĥ꡼Υȥåץ٥ debian/rules (򸫤Ʋ) ƤӽФޤ

̾ѥåۤƤŪʥǥ쥯ȥĥ꡼Υեǥ쥯ȥε°ͭꤷȡѥå dpkg-deb Ѥƹۤľ

ϡ륳ȥե뤬°Ĥ褦ˤ뤿Ǥ

Ԥʤޤ

dpkg-gencontrol ϡѥåե뤬Ūʹۥǥ쥯ȥ֤줿ǸƤФʤФʤޤ ѥå󥹥ȡ뤵줿Υη׻Τˤ뤿Ǥ

ޤdpkg-gencontrol dpkg-shlibdeps θǼ¹Ԥɬפޤdebian/substvars dpkg-shlibdeps Ԥä ѿִ (variable substitutions) ȿǤǤ褦ˤ뤿Ǥ

ѥåΥȥåפХѥ debian/tmp ˤե뤫ХʥѥåĤϡ̾ dpkg-gencontrol ƤӽФнʬǤ

ʣΥХʥۤ륽Ǥϡ̤˼Τ褦ˤɬפޤ dpkg-gencontrol -Pdebian/tmp-pkg -ppackage -P dpkg-gencontrol ˥ѥåǥեȰʳΤɤΥǥ쥯ȥǹۤ뤫 -p ϤɤΥѥåΥȥե٤ޤ

dpkg-gencontrol (㤨) dpkg-genchanges ƤӽФȤΤ debian/files ΥեΥꥹȤ˾ä뤳Ȥ⤷ޤ

dpkg-shlibdeps - ͭ饤֥ΰ¸طλ

̾Υץ dpkg-gencontrol ( 򻲾) ľˡĥ꡼Υȥåץ٥ debian/rules ƤФޤ

ΥץΰϡХʥѥåΥȥե˶ͭ饤֥ΰ¸طޤɬפΤ¹ԷӶͭ饤֥

Ȥʤ¹Բǽեˤϡκ륽ĥ꡼Τ䡢Хʥѥå˲󥹥ȡ뤵빽ۥĥ꡼Τꤹ뤳ȤǤޤ

Ǥ

줿ͭ饤֥꤬ Recommends Suggests Τߤݾڤ٤䡢Pre-Depends ݾڤ٤ϡ μ¹Է -ddependency-field ץĤƤؼʤФʤޤ ( -d ץϼ -d ޤͭǤ)

dpkg-shlibdeps ϽϤ륳ȥեľܽ뤳ȤϤޤ ˡǥեȤǤ shlibs:Depends ͤѿ debian/substvars Ȥե˲äޤ ȥեˤϥХʥѥå˥󤬤ޤ ѿŬڤʥΰ¸طեɤ黲ȤʤФʤޤ

㤨С¸طɬ (depend) Ȥȡ¸طȤ "Recommendation" ΤߤɬפȤ륪ץѥåǤϡΰ¸طĤΰۤʤäեɤȤʬΥޤ

񤤤ƤǡΤ褦ȤƤ ξ硢debian/rules ǤϰʲΤ褦˽񤭤ޤ dpkg-shlibdeps -dDepends ץ ¾Υץ ... \ -dRecommends ץ ¾Υץ ƥᥤ󥳥ȥե debian/control ǼΤ褦˽񤭤ޤ ... Depends: ${shlibs:Depends} Recommends: ${shlibs:Recommends} ...

륽󶡤 (ʣ) Хʥѥåͭ饤֥Фưۤʤä¸׵ľϡ -pvarnameprefix ץѤ뤳Ȥޤ ΥץϥǥեȤ shlibs: ץեå񤭤ޤ (Υץꤹ dpkg-shlibdeps ¹Ԥޤ)ˤäơ varnameprefix:dependencyfield Ȥǰ¸ѿνĤ뤳Ȥޤ ϥХʥѥåȥեŬȤޤ

dpkg-distaddfile - debian/files ؤΥեɲ

ĤΥѥåΥåץɤǤϥѥåХʥѥåʳΥեޤɬפޤ

dpkg-distaddfile debian/files ե˥ե뵭Ҥäޤ dpkg-genchanges ¹Ԥ줿Ȥ .changes ˤΥե뤬ޤޤ褦ˤ٤Ǥ

̾debian/rules binary åȤǸƤӽФޤ: dpkg-distaddfile filename section priority filename dpkg-genchanges Υե򸫤ĤȻפ褦ʥǥ쥯ȥ - ̾諒ĥ꡼Υȥåץ٥ξΥǥ쥯ȥ - ФХե̾Ǥdebian/rules ΥåȤ dpkg-distaddfile ƤФľľˤΥե򤽤ξ֤ͤФʤޤ

section priority ϡ .changes եѹ줺Ϥޤ

dpkg-genchanges - åץɥȥե .changes

̾Υץϥѥå˰¸ʤ dpkg-buildpackage ͤʼưۥץȤƤӽФޤưǸƤӤȤ⤢ޤ

Υץ̾ۤ줿ĥ꡼Υȥåץ٥ǸƤӽФޤ Ĥ˸ƤӽФϡѥåѹե롢ȥեξȡۤƤХʥѥåѥåξ˴Ťơñ .changes ե񤭤ޤ

dpkg-parsechangelog - changelog βϷ̤

Υץ dpkg-source ʤɤŪѤޤ debian/rules ¾ξǻȤ뤫⤷ޤ ѹ (ǥեȤǤ debian/changelog) Ϥ˴ޤޤ򥳥ȥեɽɸϤ˽Ϥޤ

dpkg-architecture - ѥåۤ륷ƥࡢ뤤ϥۥȥƥˤĤƤξ

ΥץϼưǻѤ뤳ȤǤޤ dpkg-buildpackage debian/rules ˤäƤⵯưޤ ǤϡѥåۤޥΥƥ㡢뤤ϥۥȤΥƥ򼨤Ķѿ make ѿꤷޤ ѿϡѥå۲ˤɬפʤΤǤ

Debian 줿ĥ꡼

ʹߤǽҤ٤륽֤ιϡϢ Debian 줿ĥ꡼ưפ˺Ƹ͢褦ˤ뤳ȤտޤΤˤʤäƤޤ Debian 줿ĥ꡼ϡꥸʥΥץ Debian ιΰ٤ΥեդĤΥɤȥ󥹥ȡ륹ץȤɬפѹäΤǤ

Debian Τ˺줿̤ʥեϡ Debian 줿ĥ꡼Υȥåץ٥ debian ǥ쥯ȥ֤ޤ

debian/rules - ᥤۥץ

򻲾Ȥ

debian/control

򻲾Ȥ

debian/changelog

򻲾Ȥ

changelog Τϡ ǥ󥳡ɤ뤳Ȥ侩ޤ

ޤѥåȤ UTF-8 ˰ܹԤɬפΤϤۤȤ餫Ȼפޤ ݲĶǤϤۤȤͣΤޤȤʸǤ顣 ߡdpkg ΥݡȤޤǤ UTF-8 ѥåΥȥեեɤʤɤ˽񤯤ȤϤǤޤ󤬡ʤȤ Debian changelogs UTF-8 󥳡ɤ뤳Ȥ侩ϲǽǤ ϡ뤳ȤǽˤʤǤ礦

changelog UTF-8 ǤϤʤʸĴ٤ΤϴñǤ ե iconv -f utf-8 -t ucs-4 ̤ơϤΤơ̤ͤĴ٤Ƥ ⤷ UTF-8 Ȥʸ󤬤ä硢iconv ϥ顼ɤ֤ƽλޤۤȤɤ UTF-8 ʳʸǤϡΤ褦ʥ顼ˤʤޤ

changelog ̽񼰤

Ѥ񼰤ΥѡѰդ뤳ȤǡɸŪǤʤ񼰤Ѥ뤳ȤǽǤ

dpkg-parsechangelog ˤΥѡ¹Ԥ뤿ˤϡΥեκǸ 40 ԤΤԤ Perl ɽǥޥåʤФޤ: \schangelog-format:\s+([0-9a-z]+)\W äϥեޥå̾ǤʤФޤ 㤨СʲΤ褦ʤΤǤ @@@ changelog-format: joebloggs @@@ changelog ̾϶ʸǤʤѿʸȤʤޤ

⤷Τ褦ʹԤä硢dpkg-parsechangelog ϡ/usr/lib/dpkg/parsechangelog/format-name /usr/local/lib/dpkg/parsechangelog/format-name ˥ѡõˤޤ 줬Ĥʤ¹ԷΥץǤʤäϥ顼ˤʤޤ ǥեȤchangelog 񼰤 dpkg ǡΥѡ dpkg ѥå˼ϿƤޤ

ѡϥեκǽ changelog ɸϤǥץ󤵤줿˼¹Ԥޤ ơɬפʾꤹ뤿˥եɤߤ (ˤäƤϥեõ⤷ޤ) ɸŪʽ񼰤ǰϢեɤɸϤ˥ѡϤޤ ǥեȤǤ changelog ˵ܤƤǿΥСΤߤξϤʤФޤ -vversion ץˤäơΤˤΥСʹߤΤ٤ƤѹϤʤФޤ ξ硢changelog version ¸ߤƤʤä顢顼ˤʤ ޤ

Ѳǽʥեɤʲ˼ޤ

Source

Version (ɬ)

Distribution (ɬ)

Urgency (ɬ)

Maintainer (ɬ)

Date

Changes (ɬ)

(-v λѤˤä) ĤΥС˴ؤ֤ͤ줿Ȥurgency ͤϡ٤ƤΥСǰֹ⤤ urgency ͤˤʤޤ maintainer versiondistributiondate Ͼ ǿΥСΤΤȤʤޤ

Changes եɤν񼰤ˤĤƤϡ

ѡ줿 changelog եޥåȤ٤ơޤϤۤȤɤ٤ƤΤ줾 change ܴ֤ζԤĤƤȤϡϷ̤򾮤뤿ˡζԤϺƤ٤Ǥ

changelog եޥåȤդѥå̾˴ؤޤǤʤȤϡξϽϤʤФʤޤ ѡϤξĴ礷ƤϤޤ ޤϡ¾Υ餽ξ򸫤ĤƤƤϤޤ

changelog ν񼰤ͽΤǤϤʤȤϡ𤷤ޤޥѡߤ¿ʬΤʽϤϡ󥼥νλ֤ǽλ٤Ǥ

changelog ѡϥ桼ȤŪڹԤäƤϤʤޤ

debian/substvars ѿִ

򻲾Ȥ

debian/files

򻲾Ȥ

debian/tmp

binary åȤˤäƥХʥѥåۤݤɸŪ˻ѤŪǥ쥯ȥǤ ѥåۤκݤϡtmp ǥ쥯ȥ꤬ե륷ƥĥ꡼Υ롼Ȥˤʤޤ (㤨Сѥå° makefile install åȤѤȤ䡢Ϥ쥯ȤǤ) ޤDEBIAN ֥ǥ쥯ȥޤߤޤ

Ʊĥ꡼ʣΥХʥѥåȤϡ̾ʣ debian/tmpsomething ǥ쥯ȥѤޤ 㤨Сtmp-a tmp-doc ȤäǤ

binary ˤäơɤ tmp ǥ쥯ȥ꤬줿ȤƤ⡢clean åȤˤäƺʤФޤ

Source packages as archives

FTP ȤˤƤͤˡDebian ѥå 3 ĤδϢե뤫ޤ 3 ĤΥեϡСΤΤꤷʤѤ뤳Ȥޤ

Debian ȥե - .dsc ΥեϰϢΥեɤޤǤơƥեɤϥХʥѥåΥȥեƱͤ˼̤ʬΥƤޤ 򻲾Ȥ ȤΥ package_upstream-version.orig.tar.gz

ΥեϡץξήκԤΥɤޤ tar (gzip -9 Ƥ) Ǥ

Debian ȼ diff ե package_upstream_version-revision.diff.gz

Υեϡꥸʥ륽 Debian ѴΤɬפѹԤʤ unified context diff (diff -u) Ǥ ץ쥤եԽȤäѹΤߤޤळȤޤ եΥѡߥå󡢥ܥå衢üեѥפѹϽޤ ޤեΰư̾ѹޤ

diff ˴ޤޤǥ쥯ȥϡĥ꡼Υȥåפˤ debian ǥ쥯ȥʳä¸ߤƤʤȤޤ debian ǥ쥯ȥϡѥåɬפʾ dpkg-source ˤäƺޤ

dpkg-source debian/rules Ȥ¹ԥեưŪ˺ޤ (򻲾)

ꥸʥΥɤʤ - 㤨Сѥå Debian Τ̤Ѱդ줿ΤäꡢDebian maintainer ή maintainer Ǥ⤢- ϡ 㤤ޤ diff ե̵tar ե package_version.tar.gz Ȥ̾ package-version Ȥǥ쥯ȥޤΤˤʤޤ

dpkg-source Ȥʤ Debian ѥåΥѥå

Debian ѥåΥѥåˤ dpkg-source -x Ǥ 줬ʤˤϼΤ褦ˡǥѥåޤ

tar եŸ.orig ǥ쥯ȥޤ

.orig ǥ쥯ȥ̾ package-version Ѥޤ

debian ǥ쥯ȥ򥽡ĥ꡼Υȥåפ˺ޤ

diff patch -p0 ȤŬѤޤ

Debian 줿СȰ˥ꥸʥΥɤߤϡ tar ե⤦Ÿޤ

dpkg-source Ȥ鷺 Debian ֤뤳ȤϽޤäˡ .diff.gz եΤ diff ľܻȤȤƤ⤦ޤʤǤ礦

ѥå˴ޤޤΤФ

ѥåˤϡϡɥ

ߡѥåι˥ϡɥ󥯤ϸФޤ ѥåŸˤΤ߸Фޤ

衢ϡɥ󥯤ǧ뤫⤷ޤ󤬡ˤϤȤƤ¿κȤɬפȤʤޤ

ǥХե롢åȥե롢ڤ setuid setgid 줿ե

setgid 줿ǥ쥯ȥǧƤޤ

ޤޤƤƤϤޤ

ѥå󥰥ġ diff patch ѤƥꥸʥΥ Debian 줿δ֤ѹޤ.orig.tar.gz ˴ޤޤ줿ꥸʥΥĥ꡼ Debian 줿ˤΤˡΥġǽʤ褦ѹȼäƤϤޤ ѥåۤ dpkg-source 顼ߤƤޤ褦Τѹϼ̤Ǥ

ܥå󥯡åȡѥפɲä

ܥåѹ

debian ǥ쥯ȥʳΥǥ쥯ȥκ

ХʥեƤФѹ

ѥåۤˡdpkg-source ٹɽϷ³褦Τѹϼ̤Ǥ

ե롢ǥ쥯ȥꡢܥå󥯤κ

ե̾ѹˤĤƤ̰ޤ ĤޤꡢŤեκdpkg-source ˤäƷٹȯ뤫̵뤵ޤ) ȿեκȤ߹碌Ȥưޤ

̾κǸβԤ (ꥸʥڤӽǤΤɤΥĥ꡼ˤ) ʤѹ줿ƥȥե롣

ѹŦʤdpkg-source ˤäƸФ⤵ʤѹϼ̤Ǥ

(debian/rules ʳ) եǥ쥯ȥΥѡߥåѹ

debian ǥ쥯ȥ debian/rules dpkg-source ˤä̡˽ޤ - ѹԤʤ debian ǥ쥯ȥ θ debian/rules ï⤬¹ԤǤ褦ˤޤ

ȥեȤΥե ( Packaging Manual )

dpkg ץෲΤ¿ϡȥեȤΤ붦̤Υե򰷤ޤ Хʥȥѥåϡǡ .changes ե˽ä椷ޤΡ.changes եϡåץɤ줿եΥ󥹥ȡ椷 dpkg ǡ١եޥåȤˤʤäƤޤ

ȥեν

򻲾Ȥ

dpkg ȤδϢġ˴ؤϰϤǤϡĤΥեɤץȤư뤳ȤդɬפǤ Υեɤϡ٤Ƥ Debian ѥåɬפʤΤά褦ʤΤǤ礬ޤ

եɤΥꥹ

򻲾Ȥ

ΥǤϡݥꥷޥ˥奢˼ϿƤʤեɤˤĤƤΤƤޤ

Filename and MSDOS-Filename

Packages եˤ뤳Υեɤϡ ǥȥӥ塼ǥ쥯ȥΥѥåޤϥѥåΰΥե̾ Debian ع¤ΥȥåפХѥǼޤ ΥѥåĤʬʬƤȤϡ֤˶Ƕڤ¤٤ޤ

Size and MD5sum

Packages եˤ뤳Υեɤϡ (ñ̤Ͻˡɽ줿ХȤǤ) ȥǥȥӥ塼ΥХʥѥåե MD5 åǤ ѥåĤʬʬƤȤϡ֤˶Ƕڤ¤٤ޤ

Status

Υեɤ dpkg Υơե˴ޤޤޤ ơ桼ѥå򥤥󥹥ȡ뤷ޤ줿Τޤ޻ĤƤΤ뤤ϤΥѥåƤ (ƥ󥹥ȡ뤬ɬ) ɤߤΥƥξ֤򼨤ޤ 줾ξϰñǼޤ

Config-Version

ѥå󥹥ȡޤꤵƤʤä硢 dpkg ΥơեΤΥեɤϡ桼ˤäƤꤵƥ󥹥ȡ뤵줿ȤκǸΥСϿƤޤ

Conffiles

dpkg ΥơեΤΥեɤϡưѥåեˤĤƤξݻޤ

ѻߤ줿ե

ϡdpkg ˤäǧޤȤäƤϤޤ ϸߴΤ˻ĤƤޤ Revision Package-Revision Package_Revision ѥåС Debian СʬϡϥȥեʬΥ줿ĤΥեɤǤ ΥեɤϡΤ褦ˤĤ̾ǼƤޤ Recommended Recommends θŤ̾ Optional Suggests θŤ̾ Class Priority θŤ̾

եμ갷 ( Packaging Manual )

dpkg ϥѥåե򤢤ټưŪǤޤ

Υᥫ˥बɤϡ¿װˤޤ ɤ⡢ŪˤϤեФĤΥץޤ

ñˡϡѥåˤǤ¤ɤΥѥåեޤǥ꡼ʹߤιˤ dpkg conffile ᥫ˥Ѥ뤳ȤǤ ե桼Խ뤳ȤʤǤ⡢ԽƤˤϤԽʤ褦ˤޤϤΥѥåοСϤʤˤˤϥ꡼ʤʾˤϤŬץǤ

ʣˡȤơե postinst ץǥå鹽ۤˡޤ ơѥåνΥС󤫤ΥХ򤽤ǼưŪ˥եåƤ褦ˤޤ ϡե뤬줾Υƥˤäư㤦˻ѤˡǤ

dpkg ˤեμư

ѥå ϡconffiles ȸƤФ륳ȥեޤ뤳ȤǤޤ ΥեϡưɬפȤե̾Ǥ ե̾ϡԤˤĤҤȤĤΥեХѥǽ񤫤ƤʤФޤ ޤȤեϥѥå˴ޤޤƤʤФޤ

ѥåȤdpkg ϡʳˤơեޤ ʳȤϡѥå postinst ץȤ¹ԤľǤ

dpkg ϡ줾եˤĤơѥå˴ޤޤƤΤߤΥС (Ĥޤꡢåץ졼ɤ褦ȤƤ) Υѥå˺ǽ˴ޤޤƤΤƱΤΤǤ뤫åޤ ƱˡߤΥСΥѥåǺǽ󶡤ƤΤȡߥƥ˥󥹥ȡ뤵ƤΤȤӤԤʤޤ

桼ȥѥåԤΤɤ餬⤬եѹƤʤϡեϤΤޤޥ󥹥ȡ뤵ޤ ɤ餫ΥСեԽƤϡԽ줿Сͥ褵ޤ Ĥޤꡢ桼եԽƤꡢѥåԤäСФƤʤäʤ顢 ̵ˡ桼ѹΤޤ޻Ĥޤ ɤ⡢ѥåԤСФƤơ 桼ե˼äƤʤäϡС󤬥󥹥ȡ뤵ޤ (ΤȤΤȤΤ餻åɽޤ) 桼ѥåԤξեѹƤϡ 桼ʬȤǤ褹褦ˡϤ¥ץץȤϤޤ

Ӥϡե MD5 åȤ׻뤳ȤˤäƹԤʤޤ ơΥ󥹥ȡ뤵줿ǿСΥե MD5 Ʊͤ¸ޤ

ΥѥåΥ󥹥ȡ뤬ƤäȤϡ dpkg ϡΥե뤬¸ƥΥե񤭤ΤǤʤꡢΤޤޥ󥹥ȡ뤷ޤ

ɤ⡢dpkg ϡ桼ޤϥץȤˤäƺ줿ե񤭤뤳Ȥ ޤ ĤΥץˤƤϡե뤬¸ߤʤȤˤäơ¾ˡǤؤǤʤ褦ʸ̤ͤäƤΤޤ äơ⤷桼ΤǤС줿եϤΤޤޤˤƤɬפޤ

ѥåϡѥåץȤǤϡdpkg ˤäconffile ѹ뤳Ȥ Ǥޤ ⤷Ԥä硢ѥåΥåץǡȤΤȤ dpkg ϡ桼𤵤롢ޤŪ˴ʥץͿ뤳Ȥˤʤޤ

ץȤˤμ갷

ۥ̾ͥåȥξܺ٤ʤɡȰ¸ξޤեϡѥå postinst ץȤˤäơ褦ˤΤ褤Ǥ礦

Ƥͤ¾ξꤹΤˡƥ¾ʬξ֤ɬפȤʤޤ ơξʤȤϡץץȤϤơ桼˾ϤƤ餦Ȥˤʤޤ

ˡѤȤפʤȤ򤤤ĤθʤФޤ

եץ˥Хȯ䡢ΥեΥեޥåȤΥС󤫤ѹ줿Ȥˤϡ postinst ץȤԽʤФʤʤʤǤ礦 դĤξϡ󥹥ȡ뤵줿ե뤫顢ȤΤȤˤʤ뤫Υեʸˡѹ뤳Ȥˤʤޤ ϡĤƹԤʤƤϤʤޤ Ǥ˥桼Ϥн褹褦ե򹹿Ƥ뤫⤷ޤ ץȤϤǤнѤߤǤ򸡽Фơ򰷤ʤФʤޤ

ˤ򲡤ʤʤСե /usr/sbin ֤̤ΥץˤޤȤΤϡ褤ͤǤ Υץ̾ϴȤơpackageconfig ȤȤˤʤäƤꡢ뤳ȤŬڤʾ硢ѥåΥ󥹥ȡ postinst ץȤ¹Ԥޤ packageconfig ץϡ桼䤤碌뤳Ȥʤ˴¸񤭤ƤϤޤ ⤷Υץब (˺ԤǤϤʤ) ƥåȥåפˤϡΥץե뤬¸ߤ뤫ɤåʤФޤ ƾ񤭤뤿ˤϡdpkg --force ץͿƤʤФޤ

إСؤΥ󥿡ե - update-alternatives ( Packaging Manual )

ʣΥѥåƱץ̾ե̾İۤʤС󶡤Ƥ硢ǥեȤǻѤץ򥷥ƥǤǤ 󥷥ƥԤˤѹϽʤƤϤޤ󤷡ȽǤºŤʤФޤ

㤨Сvi ǥˤϤĤμޤ ơ򤽤θͭ̾ (nvivim ) Ʊ˥󥹥ȡ뤷ƤϤʤʤͳϲ⤢ޤ ɤ⡢ʤȤǥեȤǡvi Ȥ̾Τɤ줫򻲾ȤƤ뤳Ȥ˾ޤǤ礦

٤ƤδϢѥåĴʤСΤ褦ư update-alternatives ȤäƼ¸뤳ȤǤޤ

ƥѥåϡμȤ˰㤦ͭ̾󶡤ޤ ġμϿˤϡ󥹥ȡ postinst ץȤ update-alternatives ƤӽФޤ (Ȥϡprerm ץȤ update-alternatives ⤦ٸƤӽФޤ)

ܺ٤ man ڡ򤴤󲼤

update-alternatives ǤϤޤʤ褦ʾˤϡѥåСλѤθƤߤȤ褤Ǥ礦

С - ѥå˴ޤޤե񤭤ˤ ( Packaging Manual )

ѥåƥ󥹥ȡ뤹Τե dpkg ˤäƾ񤭤ʤ褦ˤơΥեɤ¾ξ֤ȤǤޤ

ˡϡѥå˴ޤޤեؤ䡢ѥå̤Υѥå˴ޤޤե֤ (ޤϡΥץΥåѡ 󶡤) ѤǤޤ

С (diversion) λѤꤹˡ ɤǤ ˡץФʣإС󶡤⡢СѤŬڤǤ뤳ȳǧƤ

ѤΥץǤ dpkg-divert ϡ򤵤줿եΰ򹹿ޤޤdpkg ϤΰѤޤ˴ؤܺ٤ϡ

ѥå̤Υѥå˴ޤޤ뤢ե򤷤硢 preinst ץ椫顢dpkg-divert ƤФʤФޤ dpkg-divert ϡե˥ȥɲä¸Υե̾ѹޤ 㤨Сsmailwrapper Ȥѥå /usr/sbin/smail ޤåѡ򥤥󥹥ȡ뤷褦ȤƤͤޤ if [ install = "$1" ]; then dpkg-divert --package smailwrapper --add --rename \ --divert /usr/sbin/smail.real /usr/sbin/smail fi ǽΰ $1 ƥȤƤΤϡsmailwrapper 򹹿ȤˡץȤԤʤ褦ˤ뤿Ǥ ץ --package smailwrapper ϡsmailwrapper ˴ޤޤ /usr/sbin/smail СǤϤʤΥСȤƤΤޤޥ󥹥ȡ뤵뤳Ȥݾڤޤ

postrm ξϤ礦ɤεդԤʤޤ if [ remove = "$1" ]; then dpkg-divert --package smailwrapper --remove --rename \ --divert /usr/sbin/smail.real /usr/sbin/smail fi

ƥαѤɬܤȤʤե򤷤褦ȤʤDz dpkg-divert λѻˤϡե򤬹Ԥ줿 dpkg С򥤥󥹥ȡ뤹ޤǤδ֡Υե뤬¸ߤʤߥ󥰤ΤǤ