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Developer's Reference chap.5



é è—¤ã§ã™ã€‚

Debian デベロッパーズリファレンスã®ç¬¬ 5 ç« ã®ç¿»è¨³ã§ã™ã€‚
ãƒã‚§ãƒƒã‚¯ãŠé¡˜ã„ã—ã¾ã™ã€‚

ãªãŠã“ã¡ã‚‰ã¯ (英語をè¦æ±‚ã•ã‚Œã‚‹) 開発者å‘ã‘ã®æ–‡æ›¸ãªã®ã§ã€
stable ã¨ã‹ frozen ã¨ã‹ã® Debian 用語ã¯åŸºæœ¬çš„ã« (章見出ã—以外)
英語ã®ã¾ã¾ã«ã—ã¦ãŠãã¾ã—ãŸã€‚

|     <chapt id="archive">The Debian Archive
| 
|       <sect>Overview
| 	<p>
| The Debian GNU/Linux distribution consists of a lot of Debian packages
| (<tt>.deb</tt>'s, currently around &number-of-pkgs;) and a few
| additional files (documentation, installation disk images, etc.).

    <chapt id="archive">Debian アーカイブ

      <sect>概観
	<p>
Debian GNU/Linux ディストリビューションã¯ã€æ•°å¤šãã® Debian パッケージ
(ç¾åœ¨ç´„ &number-of-pkgs; ã‚ã‚‹ <tt>.deb</tt> ファイル)
ã¨ã„ãã¤ã‹ã®ä»˜åŠ çš„ãªãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ« (ドキュメントやインストールディスクイメージãªã©)
ã‹ã‚‰æ§‹æˆã•ã‚Œã¦ã„ã¾ã™ã€‚

| 	<p>
| Here is an example directory tree of a complete Debian distribution:
| 	<p>
| &sample-dist-dirtree;
| 	<p>
| As you can see, the top-level directory of the distribution contains
| three directories, namely <em>main</em>, <em>contrib</em>, and
| <em>non-free</em>. These directories are called <em>sections</em>.

	<p>
以下ã¯å®Œå…¨ãª Debian ディストリビューションã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ãƒˆãƒªãƒ„リーã®ä¸€ä¾‹ã§ã™ã€‚
	<p>
&sample-dist-dirtree;
	<p>
ã”覧ã®é€šã‚Šã«ã€ãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ãƒˆãƒªãƒ“ューションã®ãƒˆãƒƒãƒ—レベルディレクトリã«ã¯ã€
<em>main</em>ã€<em>contrib</em>ã€<em>non-free</em>
ã®ä¸‰ã¤ã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ãƒˆãƒªãŒã‚ã‚Šã¾ã™ã€‚
ã“れらã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ãƒˆãƒªã¯ <em>sections</em> ã¨å‘¼ã°ã‚Œã¦ã„ã¾ã™ã€‚

| 	<p>
| In each section, there is a directory with the source packages
| (source), a directory for each supported architecture
| (<tt>binary-i386</tt>, <tt>binary-m68k</tt>, etc.), and a directory
| for architecture independent packages (<tt>binary-all</tt>).

	<p>
å„セクションã«ã¯ã€ã‚½ãƒ¼ã‚¹ãƒ‘ッケージ用ã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ãƒˆãƒª
(<tt>source</tt>)ã€ã‚µãƒãƒ¼ãƒˆã•ã‚Œã¦ã„ã‚‹å„アーキテクãƒãƒ£ç”¨ã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ãƒˆãƒª
(<tt>binary-i386</tt>ã€<tt>binary-m68k</tt> ãªã©)ã€
アーキテクãƒãƒ£éžä¾å­˜ã®ãƒ‘ッケージ用ã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ãƒˆãƒª
(<tt>binary-all</tt>) ãŒã‚ã‚Šã¾ã™ã€‚

| 	<p>
| The <em>main</em> section contains additional directories which holds
| the disk images and some essential pieces of documentation required
| for installing the Debian distribution on a specific architecture
| (<tt>disks-i386</tt>, <tt>disks-m68k</tt>, etc.).

	<p>
<em>main</em> セクションã«ã¯ã€ç‰¹å®šã®ã‚¢ãƒ¼ã‚­ãƒ†ã‚¯ãƒãƒ£ã«ãŠã„㦠Debian ディスト
リビューションをインストールã™ã‚‹éš›ã«å¿…è¦ã¨ãªã‚‹ãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ã‚¯ã‚¤ãƒ¡ãƒ¼ã‚¸ã¨ã€
ã„ãã¤ã‹ã®åŸºæœ¬çš„ãªæ–‡æ›¸ã‚’åŽéŒ²ã™ã‚‹ãŸã‚ã®ä»˜åŠ çš„ãªãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ãƒˆãƒª
(<tt>disks-i386</tt>ã€<tt>disks-m68k</tt> ãªã©) ãŒå«ã¾ã‚Œã¦ã„ã¾ã™ã€‚

| 	<p>
| The <em>binary</em> and <em>source</em> directories are divided
| further into <em>subsections</em>.

	<p>
<em>binary</em> ãŠã‚ˆã³ <em>source</em> ディレクトリã¯ã€
ã•ã‚‰ã« <em>subsections</em> ã«åˆ†ã‹ã‚Œã¦ã„ã¾ã™ã€‚

|       <sect>Sections
| 	<p>
| The <em>main</em> section is what makes up the <em>official Debian
| GNU/Linux distribution</em>.  The <em>main</em> section is official
| because it fully complies with all our guidelines.  The other two
| sections do not, to different degrees; as such, they are not
| officially part of Debian.

      <sect>セクション
	<p>
<em>å…¬å¼ Debian GNU/Linux ディストリビューション</em>
を構æˆã™ã‚‹ã®ãŒ <em>main</em> セクションã§ã™ã€‚
<em>main</em> セクションã¯ã€
ç§ãŸã¡ã®ã‚¬ã‚¤ãƒ‰ãƒ©ã‚¤ãƒ³ã™ã¹ã¦ã«å®Œå…¨ã«é©åˆã™ã‚‹ãŒã‚†ãˆã«å…¬å¼ãªã‚‚ã®ã§ã™ã€‚
ä»–ã®äºŒã¤ã®ã‚»ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã¯ç¨‹åº¦ã®é•ã„ã¯ã‚ã‚Šã¾ã™ãŒã€
ã“ã®ã‚¬ã‚¤ãƒ‰ãƒ©ã‚¤ãƒ³ã«é©åˆã—ãªã„ãŸã‚ã«ã€
Debian ã®å…¬å¼ãªæ§‹æˆè¦ç´ ã§ã¯ã‚ã‚Šã¾ã›ã‚“。

| 	<p>
| Every package in the main section must fully comply with the <url
| id="&url-dfsg;" name="Debian Free Software Guidelines"> (DFSG) and
| with all other policy requirements as described in the <url
| id="&url-debian-policy;" name="Debian Policy Manual">.  The DFSG is
| our definition of ``free software.'' Check out the Debian Policy
| Manual for details.

	<p>
<em>main</em> セクションã®å…¨ãƒ‘ッケージã¯
<url id="&url-dfsg;" name="Debian フリーソフトウェアガイドライン">(DFSG) ã¨
<url id="&url-debian-policy;" name="Debian ãƒãƒªã‚·ãƒ¼ãƒžãƒ‹ãƒ¥ã‚¢ãƒ«">
ã«è¨˜è¼‰ã•ã‚Œã¦ã„ã‚‹ä»–ã®ãƒãƒªã‚·ãƒ¼ä¸Šã®è¦ä»¶ã‚’完全ã«æº€ãŸã—ã¦ã„ã¾ã™ã€‚
DEFS ã¯ã€Œãƒ•ãƒªãƒ¼ã‚½ãƒ•ãƒˆã‚¦ã‚§ã‚¢ã€ã«é–¢ã™ã‚‹ç§ãŸã¡ã®å®šç¾©ã§ã™ã€‚
詳ã—ã㯠Debian ãƒãƒªã‚·ãƒ¼ãƒžãƒ‹ãƒ¥ã‚¢ãƒ«ã‚’ã”覧ãã ã•ã„。

| 	<p>
| The packages which do not apply to the DFSG are placed in the
| <em>non-free</em> section. These packages are not considered as part
| of the Debian distribution, though we support their use, and we
| provide infrastructure (such as our bug-tracking system and mailing
| lists) for non-free software packages.

	<p>
DFSG ã«é©åˆã—ãªã„パッケージã¯
<em>non-free</em> セクションã«ç½®ã‹ã‚Œã¾ã™ã€‚
ã“れらã®ãƒ‘ッケージã«é–¢ã—ã¦ã¯ã€ãã®åˆ©ç”¨ã®ã‚µãƒãƒ¼ãƒˆã‚„
<em>non-free</em> ソフトウェアパッケージã®ãŸã‚ã®ã‚¤ãƒ³ãƒ•ãƒ©
(ãƒã‚°è¿½è·¡ã‚·ã‚¹ãƒ†ãƒ ã‚„ã€ãƒ¡ãƒ¼ãƒªãƒ³ã‚°ãƒªã‚¹ãƒˆãªã©)ã¯æä¾›ã—ã¾ã™ãŒã€
Debian ディストリビューションã®ä¸€éƒ¨ã¨ã¯è¦‹ãªã•ã‚Œã¾ã›ã‚“。

| 	<p>
| Packages in the <em>contrib</em> section have to comply with the DFSG,
| but may fail other requirements.  For instance, they may depend on
| non-free packages.

	<p>
<em>contrib</em> セクションã®ãƒ‘ッケージã¯
DFSG ã«é©åˆã—ã¦ã„ãªã‘ã‚Œã°ãªã‚Šã¾ã›ã‚“ãŒã€
ä»–ã®è¦ä»¶ã‚’満ãŸã›ãªã„ã‚‚ã®ãŒå½“ã¦ã¯ã¾ã‚Šã¾ã™ã€‚
例ãˆã° <em>non-free</em> パッケージã«ä¾å­˜ã™ã‚‹ãƒ‘ッケージãªã©ã§ã™ã€‚

| 	<p>
| The <url id="&url-debian-policy;" name="Debian Policy Manual">
| contains a more exact definition of the three sections. The above
| discussion is just an introduction.

	<p>
ã“ã®ä¸‰ã¤ã®ã‚»ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã«é–¢ã—ã¦ã¯ã€
<url id="&url-debian-policy;" name="Debian ãƒãƒªã‚·ãƒ¼ãƒžãƒ‹ãƒ¥ã‚¢ãƒ«">
ã«ã‚ˆã‚Šæ­£ç¢ºãªå®šç¾©ãŒè¨˜è¿°ã•ã‚Œã¦ã„ã¾ã™ã€‚
上記ã®èª¬æ˜Žã¯ç°¡æ˜“çš„ãªã‚‚ã®ã§ã™ã€‚

| 	<p>
| The separation of the three sections at the top-level of the archive
| is important for all people who want to distribute Debian, either via
| FTP servers on the Internet or on CD-ROMs: by distributing only the
| <em>main</em> and <em>contrib</em> sections, one can avoid any legal
| risks.  Some packages in the <em>non-free</em> section do not allow
| commercial distribution, for example.

	<p>
アーカイブã®ãƒˆãƒƒãƒ—レベルを三ã¤ã®ã‚»ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã«åˆ†ã‘ã¦ã„ã‚‹ã“ã¨ã¯ã€
インターãƒãƒƒãƒˆä¸Šã® FTP サーãƒã‚„ CD-ROM ãªã©ã‚’経由ã—ã¦
Debian ã‚’é…布ã—ãŸã„ã¨è€ƒãˆã‚‹äººã€…ã«ã¨ã£ã¦é‡è¦ã§ã™ã€‚
ã¨ã„ã†ã®ã‚‚ã€<em>main</em> ãŠã‚ˆã³ <em>contrib</em>
セクションã®ã¿ã‚’é…布ã™ã‚‹ãªã‚‰ã°ã€
ã‚らゆる法的ãªå±é™ºã‚’é¿ã‘ã‚‹ã“ã¨ãŒã§ãã‚‹ã‹ã‚‰ã§ã™ã€‚
例ãˆã° <em>non-free</em> セクションã®ãƒ‘ッケージã®ã„ãã¤ã‹ã¯
商業é…布ãŒç¦ã˜ã‚‰ã‚Œã¦ã„ã¾ã™ã€‚

| 	<p>
| On the other hand, a CD-ROM vendor could easily check the individual
| package licenses of the packages in <em>non-free</em> and include as
| many on the CD-ROMs as he's allowed. (Since this varies greatly from
| vendor to vendor, this job can't be done by the Debian developers.)

	<p>
一方ã€CD-ROM ベンダã«ã¨ã£ã¦ã¯ <em>non-free</em>
パッケージã®å€‹ã€…ã®ãƒ©ã‚¤ã‚»ãƒ³ã‚¹ã‚’ãƒã‚§ãƒƒã‚¯ã—ã€è¨±å¯ã‚’å¾—ãŸã‚‚ã®ã‚’
CD-ROM ã«åŽéŒ²ã™ã‚‹ã“ã¨ãŒå®¹æ˜“ã«ãªã‚Šã¾ã™ã€‚
(ã“ã®æ‰±ã„ã¯ãƒ™ãƒ³ãƒ€ã«ã‚ˆã£ã¦ã•ã¾ã–ã¾ã§ã—ょã†ã‹ã‚‰ã€
ã“ã®ä½œæ¥­ã¯ Debian 開発者ã«ã‚ˆã£ã¦ã¯è¡Œãªã‚ã‚Œã¾ã›ã‚“。)

|       <sect>Architectures
| 	<p>
| In the first days, the Linux kernel was only available for the Intel
| i386 (or greater) platforms, and so was Debian. But when Linux became
| more and more popular, the kernel was ported to other architectures,
| too.

      <sect>アーキテクãƒãƒ£
	<p>
å½“åˆ Linux カーãƒãƒ«ãŒåˆ©ç”¨ã§ããŸã®ã¯ Intel i386 (ãŠã‚ˆã³ãれ以é™)
プラットフォームã®ã¿ã§ã€Debian ã‚‚åŒæ§˜ã§ã—ãŸã€‚
ã—ã‹ã— Linux ãŒã‚ˆã‚Šæ™®åŠã™ã‚‹ã¨ã€
カーãƒãƒ«ã‚‚ä»–ã®ã‚¢ãƒ¼ã‚­ãƒ†ã‚¯ãƒãƒ£ã¸ã¨ç§»æ¤ã•ã‚Œã‚‹ã‚ˆã†ã«ãªã‚Šã¾ã—ãŸã€‚

| 	<p>
| The Linux 2.0 kernel supports Intel x86, DEC Alpha, SPARC, Motorola
| 680x0 (like Atari, Amiga and Macintoshes), MIPS, and PowerPC.  The
| Linux 2.2 kernel supports even more architectures, including ARM and
| UltraSPARC.  Since Linux supports these platforms, Debian decided that
| it should, too.  Therefore, Debian has ports underway; in fact, we
| also have ports underway to non-Linux kernel.  Aside from
| <em>i386</em> (our name for Intel x86), there is <em>m68k</em>,
| <em>alpha</em>, <em>powerpc</em>, <em>sparc</em>, <em>hurd-i386</em>,
| and <em>arm</em>, as of this writing.

	<p>
Linux 2.0 カーãƒãƒ«ã¯ Intel x86 ã‚„ã€DEC Alphaã€SPARCã€(Atari ã‚„ã€
Amigaã€Macintoshes ã¨ã„ã£ãŸ) Motorola 680x0 ã€MIPSã€PowerPC
ãªã©ã‚’サãƒãƒ¼ãƒˆã—ã¦ã„ã¾ã™ã€‚
Linux 2.2 カーãƒãƒ«ã¯ã•ã‚‰ã«ã€ARM ã‚„ UltraSPARC
ã‚’å«ã‚€ã‚ˆã‚Šå¤šãã®ã‚¢ãƒ¼ã‚­ãƒ†ã‚¯ãƒãƒ£ã‚’サãƒãƒ¼ãƒˆã—ã¾ã™ã€‚
Debian ã¯ã€Linux ãŒã‚µãƒãƒ¼ãƒˆã™ã‚‹ãƒ—ラットフォームを
åŒæ§˜ã«ã‚µãƒãƒ¼ãƒˆã™ã¹ãã ã¨ã—ã¦ã„ã¾ã™ã€‚
ãã®ãŸã‚ Debian ã«ã¯ä½œæ¥­ä¸­ã®ç§»æ¤ç‰ˆãŒã‚ã‚Šã€
ã¾ãŸå®Ÿéš›ã®ã¨ã“ã‚éž Linux カーãƒãƒ«ã¸ã®ç§»æ¤ç‰ˆã‚‚作業中ã§ã™ã€‚
<em>i386</em> (Intel x86 ã®ç§ãŸã¡ã®å‘¼ã³å) ã¯åˆ¥ã«ã—ã¦ã€
ã“ã®æ–‡æ›¸ãŒæ›¸ã‹ã‚Œã¦ã„ã‚‹ç¾åœ¨ã€<em>m68k</em> ã‚„ã€<em>alpha</em>ã€
<em>powerpc</em>ã€<em>sparc</em>ã€<em>hurd-i386</em> <em>arm</em>
ãªã©ãŒä½œæ¥­ä¸­ã§ã™ã€‚

| 	<p>
| Debian GNU/Linux 1.3 is only available as <em>i386</em>.  Debian 2.0
| shipped for <em>i386</em> and <em>m68k</em> architectures.  Debian 2.1
| ships for the <em>i386</em>, <em>m68k</em>, <em>alpha</em>, and
| <em>sparc</em> architectures.  Debian 2.2 adds support for the
| <em>powerpc</em> architecture.

	<p>
Debian GNU/Linux 1.3 㯠<em>i386</em> 版ã®ã¿ãŒåˆ©ç”¨å¯èƒ½ã§ã—ãŸã€‚
Debian 2.0 ã§ã¯ <em>i386</em> ãŠã‚ˆã³ <em>m68k</em>
アーキテクãƒãƒ£ç‰ˆãŒæä¾›ã•ã‚Œã¾ã—ãŸã€‚
Debian 2.1 ã§ã¯ <em>i386</em>ã€<em>m68k</em>ã€<em>alpha</em>ã€ãŠã‚ˆã³
<em>sparc</em> アーキテクãƒãƒ£ç‰ˆãŒæä¾›ã•ã‚Œã¾ã—ãŸã€‚
Debian 2.1 ã§ã¯ <em>powerpc</em> アーキテクãƒãƒ£ã®ã‚µãƒãƒ¼ãƒˆãŒè¿½åŠ ã•ã‚Œã¾ã™ã€‚

| 	<p>
| Information for developers or uses about the specific ports are
| available at the <url id="&url-debian-ports;" name="Debian Ports web
| pages">.

	<p>
特定ã®ç§»æ¤ç‰ˆã«é–¢ã™ã‚‹é–‹ç™ºè€…å‘ã‘ã€ã‚ã‚‹ã„ã¯ãƒ¦ãƒ¼ã‚¶å‘ã®æƒ…報㯠
<url id="&url-debian-ports;" name="Debian 移æ¤ç‰ˆã‚¦ã‚§ãƒ–ページ">
ã‚’ã”覧ãã ã•ã„。

|       <sect>Subsections
| 	<p>
| The sections <em>main</em>, <em>contrib</em>, and <em>non-free</em>
| are split into <em>subsections</em> to simplify the installation
| process and the maintainance of the archive.  Subsections are not
| formally defined, excepting perhaps the `base' subsection.
| Subsections exist simply to simplify the organization and browsing of
| available packages.  Please check the current Debian distribution to
| see which sections are available.

      <sect>サブセクション
	<p>
<em>main</em>ã€<em>contrib</em>ã€<em>non-free</em> ã®å„セクションã¯ã€
インストールプロセスやアーカイブã®ãƒ¡ãƒ³ãƒ†ãƒŠãƒ³ã‚¹ã‚’å˜ç´”化ã™ã‚‹ãŸã‚ã«
<em>subsections</em> ã«åˆ†å‰²ã•ã‚Œã¾ã™ã€‚
サブセクションã¯ã€`base' サブセクションを除ã‘ã°ã€
æ­£å¼ã«ã¯å®šç¾©ã•ã‚Œã¦ã„ã¾ã›ã‚“。
サブセクションã¯å˜ã«ã€
利用å¯èƒ½ãªãƒ‘ッケージã®æ•´ç†ã¨é–²è¦§ã‚’容易ã«ã™ã‚‹ãŸã‚ã«å­˜åœ¨ã—ã¦ã„ã¾ã™ã€‚
ã©ã®ã‚»ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ãŒåˆ©ç”¨å¯èƒ½ã‹ã©ã†ã‹ã¯ã€
ç¾è¡Œã® Debian ディストリビューションをãƒã‚§ãƒƒã‚¯ã—ã¦ãã ã•ã„。

|       <sect>Packages
| 	<p>
| There are two types of Debian packages, namely <em>source</em> and
| <em>binary</em> packages.
| 	<p>
| Source packages consist of either two or three files: a <tt>.dsc</tt>
| file, and either a <tt>.tar.gz</tt> file or both an
| <tt>.orig.tar.gz</tt> and a <tt>.diff.gz</tt> file.

      <sect>パッケージ
	<p>
Debian パッケージã«ã¯ã€<em>source</em> パッケージã¨
<em>binary</em> パッケージã®äºŒç¨®é¡žãŒã‚ã‚Šã¾ã™ã€‚
	<p>
ソースパッケージã¯ã€<tt>.dsc</tt> ファイルã¨
<tt>.tar.gz</tt> ファイルã€ã‚ã‚‹ã„ã¯ã€<tt>.dsc</tt> ファイルã¨
<tt>.orig.tar.gz</tt>ã€<tt>.diff.gz</tt> 
ファイルã¨ã„ã£ãŸäºŒã¤ãªã„ã—三ã¤ã®ãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ«ã‹ã‚‰æ§‹æˆã•ã‚Œã¦ã„ã¾ã™ã€‚

| 	<p>
| If a package is developed specially for Debian and is not distributed
| outside of Debian, there is just one <tt>.tar.gz</tt> file which
| contains the sources of the program.  If a package is distributed
| elsewhere too, the <tt>.orig.tar.gz</tt> file stores the so-called
| <em>upstream source code</em>, that is the source code that's
| distributed from the <em>upstream maintainer</em> (often the author of
| the software). In this case, the <tt>.diff.gz</tt> contains the
| changes made by the Debian maintainer.

	<p>
Debian 専用ã«é–‹ç™ºã•ã‚Œ Debian 以外ã§é…布ã•ã‚Œã¦ã„ãªã„パッケージã§ã¯ã€
プログラムã®ã‚½ãƒ¼ã‚¹ã‚’å«ã‚€ãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ«ã¯ <tt>.tar.gz</tt> ファイルã®ã¿ã§ã™ã€‚
一方 Debian 以外ã§ã‚‚é…布ã•ã‚Œã¦ã„るパッケージã®å ´åˆã¯ã€
<tt>.orig.tar.gz</tt> ファイルã«ã„ã‚ゆる <em>upstream source code</em>
ã‚’åŽã‚ã¾ã™ã€‚ã“れ㯠<em>upstream maintainer</em> 
(ãŸã„ã¦ã„ã¯ãã®ã‚½ãƒ•ãƒˆã‚¦ã‚§ã‚¢ã®ä½œè€…) ã«ã‚ˆã£ã¦é…布ã•ã‚Œã¦ã„るソースコードã§ã™ã€‚
ã“ã®å ´åˆã€Debian 開発者ã«ã‚ˆã£ã¦åŠ ãˆã‚‰ã‚ŒãŸå¤‰æ›´ã¯
<tt>.diff.gz</tt> ファイルã«åŽã‚られã¾ã™ã€‚

| 	<p>
| The <tt>.dsc</tt> lists all the files in the source package together
| with checksums (<prgn>md5sums</prgn>) and some additional info about
| the package (maintainer, version, etc.).

	<p>
<tt>.dsc</tt> ファイルã«ã¯ã€ã‚½ãƒ¼ã‚¹ãƒ‘ッケージã®ãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ«ä¸€è¦§ã‚„ã€
ãƒã‚§ãƒƒã‚¯ã‚µãƒ  (<prgn>md5sums</prgn>)ã€ãƒ‘ッケージã«é–¢ã™ã‚‹ã„ãらã‹ã®è¿½åŠ æƒ…å ±
(パッケージ開発者やãƒãƒ¼ã‚¸ãƒ§ãƒ³ãªã©) ãŒåŽã‚られã¾ã™ã€‚

|       <sect>Distribution directories
| 	<p>
| The directory system described in the previous chapter, are themselves
| contained within <em>distribution directories</em>.  Every
| distribution is contained in the <tt>dists</tt> directory in the
| top-level of the Debian archive itself (the symlinks from the
| top-level directory to the distributions themselves are for backwards
| compatability and are deprecated).

      <sect>ディストリビューションディレクトリ
	<p>
å‰ç« ã§èª¬æ˜Žã—ãŸãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ãƒˆãƒªã‚·ã‚¹ãƒ†ãƒ ã¯ã€
<em>distribution directories</em> ã«å«ã¾ã‚Œã‚‹ã‚‚ã®ã§ã™ã€‚
全ディストリビューション㯠Debian アーカイブã®ãƒˆãƒƒãƒ—レベルディレクトリ
ã«ã‚ã‚‹ <tt>dists</tt> ディレクトリã«åŽã‚られã¦ã„ã¾ã™ã€‚
(トップレベルディレクトリã‹ã‚‰å„ディストリビューションã«å¼µã‚‰ã‚Œã¦ã„ã‚‹
シンボリックリンクã¯ã€ä¸‹ä½äº’æ›ã®ãŸã‚ã«ã‚ã‚‹ã‚‚ã®ã§ã€é‡è¦ãªã‚‚ã®ã§ã¯ã‚ã‚Šã¾ã›ã‚“。)

| 	<p>
| To summarize, the Debian archive has a root directory within an FTP
| server.  For instance, at the mirror site,
| <ftpsite>ftp.us.debian.org</ftpsite>, the Debian archive itself is
| contained in <ftppath>/debian</ftppath>, which is a common location
| (another is <ftppath>/pub/debian</ftppath>).

	<p>
è¦ç´„ã™ã‚Œã°ã€Debian アーカイブ㯠FTP
サーãƒã«ãƒ«ãƒ¼ãƒˆãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ãƒˆãƒªã‚’æŒã£ã¦ã„ã‚‹ã¨ã„ãˆã¾ã™ã€‚
例ãˆã°ã€ãƒŸãƒ©ãƒ¼ã‚µã‚¤ãƒˆ <ftpsite>ftp.us.debian.org</ftpsite> ã§ã¯ã€
Debian アーカイブ全体㯠 <ftppath>/debian</ftppath>
ã«åŽã‚られã¦ã„ã¾ã™ãŒã€ãã®ä½ç½®ã¯å…±é€šã—ã¦ã„ã¾ã™ã€‚
(<ftppath>/pub/debian</ftppath> ã«ã‚ã‚‹å ´åˆã‚‚ã‚ã‚Šã¾ã™ã€‚)

| 	<p>
| Within that archive root, the actual distributions are contained in
| the <tt>dists</tt> directory.  Here is an overview of the layout:
| 	<p>
| <example>
| <var>archive root</var>/dists/<var>distribution</var>/<var>section</var>/<var>architecture</var>/<var>subsection</var>/<var>packages</var>
| </example>

	<p>
実際ã®å€‹ã€…ã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ãƒˆãƒªãƒ“ューションã¯
ãã®ã‚¢ãƒ¼ã‚«ã‚¤ãƒ–ã®ãƒ«ãƒ¼ãƒˆã«ã‚ã‚‹
<tt>dists</tt> ディレクトリã«åŽã‚られã¦ã„ã¾ã™ã€‚

以下ã¯ãã®ãƒ¬ã‚¤ã‚¢ã‚¦ãƒˆã®æ¦‚è¦ã§ã™ã€‚
	<p>
<example>
<var>archive root</var>/dists/<var>distribution</var>/<var>section</var>/<var>architecture</var>/<var>subsection</var>/<var>packages</var>
</example>

| Extrapolating from this layout, you know that to find the i386 base
| packages for the distribution <em>slink</em>, you would look in
| <ftppath>/debian/dists/slink/main/binary-i386/base/</ftppath>.

ã“ã®ãƒ¬ã‚¤ã‚¢ã‚¦ãƒˆã‹ã‚‰æŽ¨å¯Ÿã™ã‚Œã°ã€
<em>slink</em> ディストリビューション㮠i386 ベースパッケージãŒã€
<ftppath>/debian/dists/slink/main/binary-i386/base/</ftppath>
ã«ã‚ã‚‹ã“ã¨ãŒåˆ†ã‹ã‚‹ã§ã—ょã†ã€‚

| 	<sect1>Stable, unstable, and sometimes frozen
| 	<p>
| There is always a distribution called <em>stable</em> (residing in
| <tt>dists/stable</tt>) and one called <em>unstable</em> (residing in
| <tt>dists/unstable</tt>). This reflects the development process of the
| Debian project.

	<sect1>安定版ã€é–‹ç™ºç‰ˆã€(時ã«) フリーズ版
	<p>
Debian ã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ãƒˆãƒªãƒ“ューションã«ã¯ (<tt>dists/stable</tt> ã«ã‚ã‚‹)
<em>stable</em> (安定版) ã¨å‘¼ã°ã‚Œã‚‹ã‚‚ã®ã¨ã€
(<tt>dists/unstable</tt> ã«ã‚ã‚‹)
<em>unstable</em> (開発版)ã¨å‘¼ã°ã‚Œã‚‹ã‚‚ã®ã®äºŒã¤ãŒå¸¸ã«å­˜åœ¨ã—ã¾ã™ã€‚
ã“ã¡ã‚‰ã¯ Debian プロジェクトã®é–‹ç™ºãƒ—ロセスをå映ã—ã¦ã„ã¾ã™ã€‚

| 	<p>
| Active development is done in the <em>unstable</em> distribution
| (that's why this distribution is sometimes called the <em>development
| distribution</em>). Every Debian developer can update his or her
| packages in this distribution at any time. Thus, the contents of this
| distribution change from day-to-day. Since no special effort is done
| to test this distribution, it is sometimes ``unstable.''

	<p>
活発ãªé–‹ç™ºã¯ã€<em>unstable</em> ディストリビューションã§è¡Œãªã‚ã‚Œã¾ã™ã€‚
(ãã®ãŸã‚ã“ã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ãƒˆãƒªãƒ“ューションã¯ã¨ãã« <em>development
distribution</em> ã¨ã‚‚呼ã°ã‚Œã¾ã™ã€‚)
å…¨ Debian 開発者ã¯ã„ã¤ã§ã‚‚ã€
ã“ã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ãƒˆãƒªãƒ“ューションã§è‡ªåˆ†ã®ãƒ‘ッケージを更新ã™ã‚‹ã“ã¨ãŒã§ãã¾ã™ã€‚
ãã®ãŸã‚ã€ã“ã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ãƒˆãƒªãƒ“ューションã®å†…容ã¯æ—¥ã«æ—¥ã«å¤‰ã‚ã£ã¦ã„ãã¾ã™ã€‚
ã“ã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ãƒˆãƒªãƒ“ューションã¯ç‰¹åˆ¥ã«ãƒ†ã‚¹ãƒˆã•ã‚Œã¦ã„ã‚‹ã‚‚ã®ã§ã¯ãªã„ã®ã§ã€
時ã«ã€Œä¸å®‰å®šã€ãªã‚‚ã®ã§ã™ã€‚

| 	<p>
| After a period of development, the <em>unstable</em> distribution is
| copied in a new distribution directory, called <em>frozen</em>. When
| that occurs, no changes are allowed to the frozen distribution except
| bug fixes; that's why it's called ``frozen.''  After another month or
| a little longer, the <em>frozen</em> distribution is renamed to
| <em>stable</em>, overriding the old <em>stable</em> distribution,
| which is removed at that time.

	<p>
開発期間ãŒçµ‚了ã™ã‚‹ã¨ã€<em>unstable</em> ディストリビューションã¯
<em>frozen</em> ã¨å‘¼ã°ã‚Œã‚‹æ–°ãŸãªãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ãƒˆãƒªãƒ“ューションディレクトリã«
コピーã•ã‚Œã¾ã™ã€‚
ã“ã®å¾Œã¯ã€ãƒã‚°ãƒ•ã‚£ãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã‚’除ãã„ã‹ãªã‚‹å¤‰æ›´ã‚‚
frozen ディストリビューションã«å¯¾ã—ã¦ã¯ã§ãã¾ã›ã‚“。
ã“ã¡ã‚‰ãŒã€Œãƒ•ãƒªãƒ¼ã‚ºç‰ˆ frozenã€ã¨å‘¼ã°ã‚Œã‚‹ã®ã¯ãã®ãŸã‚ã§ã™ã€‚
一ヶ月ã‚ã‚‹ã„ã¯ã‚‚ã†ã™ã“ã—以上経ã¤ã¨ã€
<em>frozen</em> ディストリビューション㯠
<em>stable</em> ã«åå‰ã‚’変ãˆã¾ã™ã€‚
å¤ã„ <em>stable</em> ã¯ä¸Šæ›¸ãã•ã‚Œã€ã“ã®æ™‚点ã§æ¶ˆåŽ»ã•ã‚Œã¾ã™ã€‚

| 	<p>
| This development cycle is based on the assumption that the
| <em>unstable</em> distribution becomes <em>stable</em> after passing a
| period of testing as <em>frozen</em>.  Even once a distribution is
| considered stable, a few bugs inevitably remain--that's why the stable
| distribution is updated every now and then. However, these updates are
| tested very carefully and have to be introduced into the archive
| individually to reduce the risk of introducing new bugs.  You can find
| proposed additions to <em>stable</em> in the <tt>proposed-updates</tt>
| directory.  Those packages in <tt>proposed-updates</tt> that pass
| muster are periodically moved as a batch into the stable distribution
| and the revision level of the stable distribution is incremented
| (e.g., `1.3' becomes `1.3r1', `2.0r2' becomes `2.0r3', and so forth).

	<p>
ã“ã®é–‹ç™ºã‚µã‚¤ã‚¯ãƒ«ã¯ <em>unstable</em> ディストリビューションãŒã€
<em>frozen</em> ディストリビューションã¨ã—ã¦ã®ãƒ†ã‚¹ãƒˆæœŸé–“を経ã¦ã€
<em>stable</em> ディストリビューションã«ãªã‚‹ã¨ã®ä»®å®šã«åŸºã¥ã„ãŸã‚‚ã®ã§ã™ã€‚
ã‚るディストリビューションãŒå®‰å®šã—ã¦ã„ã‚‹ã¨è¦‹ãªã•ã‚ŒãŸã¨ã—ã¦ã‚‚ã€
二三ã®ãƒã‚°ã¯å¿…ãšæ®‹ã£ã¦ã„ã‚‹ã‚‚ã®ã§ã™ã€‚
<em>stable</em> ディストリビューションãŒæ™‚々更新ã•ã‚Œã‚‹ã®ã¯ã“ã®ãŸã‚ã§ã™ã€‚
ã—ã‹ã—ãªãŒã‚‰ã€ã“れらã®æ›´æ–°ã¯æ¥µã‚ã¦æ³¨æ„æ·±ãテストã•ã‚Œã€
æ–°ãŸãªãƒã‚°ã‚’æŒã¡è¾¼ã‚€å±é™ºã‚’é¿ã‘ãªãŒã‚‰å€‹ã€…ã«ã‚¢ãƒ¼ã‚«ã‚¤ãƒ–ã«å°Žå…¥ã•ã‚Œã­ã°ãªã‚Šã¾ã›ã‚“。
<em>stable</em> ディストリビューションã¸ã®è¿½åŠ æŽ¨å¥¨ãƒ‘ッケージã¯ã€
<tt>proposed-updates</tt> ディレクトリã«ã‚ã‚Šã¾ã™ã€‚
検査ã«åˆæ ¼ã—㟠<tt>proposed-updates</tt> ã«ã‚ã‚‹ã“れらã®ãƒ‘ッケージã¯ã€
定期的ã«ã¾ã¨ã‚㦠<em>stable</em> ディストリビューションã«ç§»å‹•ã•ã‚Œã€
<em>stable</em> ディストリビューションã®ãƒªãƒ“ジョンレベルãŒä¸Šã’られã¾ã™ã€‚
(例ãˆã°ã€`1.3' 㯠`1.3r1' ã«ã€`2.0r2' 㯠`2.0r3' ã¨ãªã£ã¦ã„ãã¾ã™ã€‚)

| 	<p>
| Note that development under <em>unstable</em> is continued during the
| ``freeze'' period, since a new <em>unstable</em> distribution is be
| created when the older <em>unstable</em> is moved to <em>frozen</em>.
| Another wrinkle is that when the <em>frozen</em> distribution is
| offically released, the old stable distribution is completely removed
| from the Debian archives (although they do live on at
| <tt>archive-host;</tt>).

	<p>
å¤ã„ <em>unstable</em> ディストリビューション㌠ <em>frozen</em>
ディストリビューションã«ç§»å‹•ã•ã‚Œã‚‹ã¨ã€æ–°ãŸãª <em>unstable</em>
ディストリビューションãŒä½œã‚‰ã‚Œã‚‹ãŸã‚ã€``freeze'' 期間ã®é–“ã‚‚
<em>unstable</em> ディストリビューションã®é–‹ç™ºã¯ç¶šã‘られã¾ã™ã€‚
ã¾ãŸä»–ã®å¤‰æ›´ç‚¹ã¨ã—ã¦ã¯ã€<em>frozen</em> ディストリビューションãŒå…¬å¼ã«
リリースã•ã‚ŒãŸéš›ã€Debian アーカイブã‹ã‚‰å¤ã„ <em>stable</em> 
ディストリビューション㌠(<tt>&archive-host;</tt> 
ã«æ®‹ã£ã¦ã„ãŸã¨ã—ã¦ã‚‚) 完全ã«æ¶ˆåŽ»ã•ã‚Œã‚‹ã“ã¨ãŒã‚ã’られã¾ã™ã€‚

| 	<p>
| In summary, there is always a <em>stable</em> and an <em>unstable</em>
| distribution available, and the <em>frozen</em> distribution shows up
| for a month or so from time to time.

	<p>
è¦ç´„ã™ã‚Œã°ã€å¸¸ã« <em>stable</em> ãŠã‚ˆã³ <em>unstable</em> 
ディストリビューションãŒåˆ©ç”¨å¯èƒ½ã§ã€
時々 <em>frozen</em> ディストリビューションãŒä¸€ãƒ¶æœˆã‹ã‚‚ã—ãã¯ãれ以上ã®é–“
設置ã•ã‚Œã‚‹ã¨ã„ã†ã“ã¨ã§ã™ã€‚

| 	<sect1>Experimental
| 	  <p>
| The <em>experimental</em> distribution is a specialty distribution.
| It is not a full distribution in the same sense that `stable' and
| `unstable' are.  Instead, it is meant to be a temporary staging area
| for highly experimental software where there's a good chance that the
| software could break your system.  Users who download and install
| packages from <em>experimental</em> are expected to have been duly
| warned.  In short, all bets are off for the <em>experimental</em>
| distribution.

	<sect1>実験版
	  <p>
<em>experimental</em> ディストリビューション (実験版) ã¯
特別ãªãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ãƒˆãƒªãƒ“ューションã§ã™ã€‚
ã“ã¡ã‚‰ã¯ `stable' ã‚„ `unstable' ã¨ã¯ç•°ãªã‚Šã€
完全ãªãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ãƒˆãƒªãƒ“ューションã§ã¯ã‚ã‚Šã¾ã›ã‚“。
ã“ã¡ã‚‰ã¯ãã®ä»£ã‚ã‚Šã«ã€
ãŠä½¿ã„ã®ã‚·ã‚¹ãƒ†ãƒ ã‚’破壊ã—ã‹ã­ãªã„極ã‚ã¦å®Ÿé¨“çš„ãªã‚½ãƒ•ãƒˆã‚¦ã‚§ã‚¢ã®ãŸã‚ã®ã€
一時的ãªè¨­ç½®é ˜åŸŸã§ã‚ã‚‹ã“ã¨ã‚’æ„味ã—ã¾ã™ã€‚
<em>experimental</em> ディストリビューションã‹ã‚‰ãƒ‘ッケージを
ダウンロードã—インストールã™ã‚‹ãƒ¦ãƒ¼ã‚¶ã¯ã€
ã“ã®ã“ã¨ã‚’å分ã«æ³¨æ„ã™ã¹ãã“ã¨ãŒæœ›ã¾ã‚Œã¾ã™ã€‚
ã¤ã¾ã‚Šã€<em>experimental</em> ディストリビューションã«è³­ã‘ã‚‹ã“ã¨ã¯
é–“é•ã£ã¦ã„ã‚‹ã¨ã„ã†ã“ã¨ã§ã™ã€‚

| 	  <p>
| Developers should be very selective in the use of the
| <em>experimental</em> distribution.  Even if a package is highly
| unstable, it could well still go into <em>unstable</em>; just state a
| few warnings in the description.  However, if there is a chance that
| the software could do grave damage to a system, it might be better to
| put it into <em>experimental</em>.

	  <p>
<em>experimental</em> ディストリビューションã®åˆ©ç”¨ã‚’é¸æŠžã™ã‚‹éš›ã€
開発者ã¯å分ã«æ³¨æ„ã™ã¹ãã§ã™ã€‚
ã‚‚ã—ã‚るパッケージãŒæ¥µã‚ã¦ä¸å®‰å®šãªã‚‚ã®ã ã£ãŸã¨ã—ã¦ã‚‚ã€
description (パッケージ解説文) ã«äºŒä¸‰ã®è­¦å‘Šã‚’掲載ã™ã‚‹ãªã©ã—ã¦ã€
<em>unstable</em> ディストリビューションã«ã‚¢ãƒƒãƒ—ロードã™ã‚‹æ–¹ãŒã‚ˆã„ã§ã—ょã†ã€‚
ã—ã‹ã—ãªãŒã‚‰ã€ã‚·ã‚¹ãƒ†ãƒ ã«æ¥µã‚ã¦æ·±åˆ»ãªæ害を与ãˆã‹ã­ãªã„ソフトウェアã«é–¢ã—ã¦ã¯ã€
<em>experimental</em> ディストリビューションã«ã‚¢ãƒƒãƒ—ロードã™ã‚‹ã»ã†ãŒ
é©åˆ‡ã§ã—ょã†ã€‚

| 	  <p>
| For instance, an experimental encrypted file system should probably go
| into <em>experimental</em>.  A new, beta, version of some software
| which uses completely different configuration might go into
| <em>experimental</em> at the maintainer's discretion.  New software
| which isn't likely to damage your system can go into
| <em>unstable</em>.  If you are working on an incompatible or complex
| upgrade situation, you can also use <em>experimental</em> as a staging
| area, so that testers can get early access.

	  <p>
例ãˆã°å®Ÿé¨“çš„ãªæš—å·ãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ«ã‚·ã‚¹ãƒ†ãƒ ãªã©ã¯ã€ãŠãらã
<em>experimental</em> ディストリビューションå‘ãã§ã—ょã†ã€‚
完全ã«ç•°ãªã‚‹è¨­å®šã‚’用ã„ã‚‹æ–°ã—ã„ベータ版ã®ã‚½ãƒ•ãƒˆã‚¦ã‚§ã‚¢ãªã©ã‚‚ã€
開発者ã®è£é‡ã«ã‚ˆã‚Šã¾ã™ãŒ <em>experimental</em> 
ディストリビューションå‘ãã§ã—ょã†ã€‚
æ–°ã—ãã¦ã‚‚システムã«æ害を与ãˆã‚‹ã‚ˆã†ãªã“ã¨ãŒãªã„ソフトウェアã¯ã€
<em>unstable</em> ディストリビューションã«ã‚¢ãƒƒãƒ—ロードå¯èƒ½ã§ã™ã€‚
ãŠä½¿ã„ã®ã‚·ã‚¹ãƒ†ãƒ ã®ã‚¢ãƒƒãƒ—グレードãŒä¸å®Œå…¨ãªå ´åˆã‚„ãã®çŠ¶æ³ãŒè¤‡é›‘ãªå ´åˆã¯ã€
テスタãŸã¡ãŒç”¨æ„ã«ã‚¢ã‚¯ã‚»ã‚¹ã§ãるよã†ã«
<em>experimental</em> ディストリビューションを
一時的ãªé ˜åŸŸã¨ã—ã¦åˆ©ç”¨ã™ã‚‹ã“ã¨ã‚‚ã§ãã¾ã™ã€‚

| 	  <p>
| However, using <em>experimental</em> as a personal staging area is not
| always the best idea.  You can't replace or upgrade the files in there
| on your own (<prgn>dinstall</prgn> and the Debian archive maintainers
| do that).  Additionally, you'll have to remember to ask the archive
| maintainers to delete the package one you have uploaded it to
| <em>unstable</em>.  Using your personal web space on
| <tt>va.debian.org</tt> is generally a better idea, so that you put
| less strain on the Debian archive maintainers.

	  <p>
ã—ã‹ã—ãªãŒã‚‰ã€<em>experimental</em> ディストリビューションを
個人的ãªä¸€æ™‚領域ã¨ã—ã¦åˆ©ç”¨ã™ã‚‹ã“ã¨ã¯ã€å¸¸ã«ã‚ˆã„考ãˆã§ã‚ã‚‹ã¨ã¯é™ã‚Šã¾ã›ã‚“。
ãã“ã«è¨­ç½®ã—ãŸãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ«ã‚’自分ã§ç½®ãæ›ãˆãŸã‚Šæ›´æ–°ã—ãŸã‚Šã§ããªã„ã‹ã‚‰ã§ã™ã€‚
(<prgn>dinstall</prgn> ã‚„ Debian アーカイブメンテナãŒãれを行ãªã„ã¾ã™ã€‚)
ã•ã‚‰ã«ã€ãã®ãƒ‘ッケージを <em>unstable</em> 
ディストリビューションã«ã‚¢ãƒƒãƒ—ロードã—ãŸå ´åˆã«ã¯ã€
<em>experimental</em> ディストリビューション上ã‹ã‚‰ãれを削除ã™ã‚‹ã‚ˆã†
アーカイブメンテナã«ä¾é ¼ã™ã‚‹ã“ã¨ã‚’覚ãˆã¦ãŠã‹ãªãã¦ã¯ã„ã‘ãªã„ã§ã—ょã†ã€‚
Debian アーカイブメンテナã®è² æ‹…を減らã™ãŸã‚ã«ã‚‚ã€
ã“ã¡ã‚‰ã«é–¢ã—ã¦ã¯ä¸€èˆ¬çš„ã« <tt>va.debian.org</tt> 
上ã«ã‚る個人用ウェブスペースを利用ã™ã‚‹ã“ã¨ãŒã‚ˆã‚Šé©åˆ‡ã§ã™ã€‚

|       <sect id="codenames">Release code names
| 	<p>
| Every released Debian distribution has a <em>code name</em>: Debian
| 1.1 is called `buzz'; Debian 1.2, `rex'; Debian 1.3, `bo'; Debian 2.0,
| `hamm'; Debian 2.1, `slink'; and Debian 2.2, `potato'.  There is also
| a ``pseudo-distribution'', called `sid' which is contains packages for
| architectures which are not yet officially supported or released by
| Debian.  These architectures are planned to be integrated into the
| mainstream distribution at some future date.

      <sect id="codenames">リリースコードå
	<p>
リリースã•ã‚ŒãŸå„ Debian ディストリビューションã«ã¯ <em>code name</em>
ãŒä»˜ã‘られã¾ã™ã€‚
Debian 1.1 ã«ã¯ `buzz'ã€Debian 1.2 ã«ã¯ `rex'ã€Debian 1.3 ã«ã¯ `bo'ã€
Debian 2.0 ã«ã¯ `hamm'ã€Debian 2.1ã«ã¯ `slink'ã€ãã—㦠Debian 2.2
ã«ã¯ `potato' ã¨ã„ㆠ<em>code name</em> ãŒä»˜ã‘られã¦ã„ã¾ã™ã€‚
ã¾ãŸã€`sid' ã¨åã¥ã‘られãŸã€Œä»®æƒ³ãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ãƒˆãƒªãƒ“ューションã€ã‚‚ã‚ã‚Šã¾ã™ã€‚
ã“ã¡ã‚‰ã«ã¯ã€Debian ã«ã‚ˆã£ã¦å…¬å¼ã«ã¯ã‚µãƒãƒ¼ãƒˆãŠã‚ˆã³ãƒªãƒªãƒ¼ã‚¹ã•ã‚Œã¦ã„ãªã„
アーキテクãƒãƒ£ã®ãƒ‘ッケージãŒåŽéŒ²ã•ã‚Œã¾ã™ã€‚
ã“れらã®ã‚¢ãƒ¼ã‚­ãƒ†ã‚¯ãƒãƒ£ã¯ã€
å°†æ¥çš„ã«ã¯ãƒ¡ã‚¤ãƒ³ãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ãƒˆãƒªãƒ“ューションã«çµ±åˆã•ã‚Œã‚‹è¨ˆç”»ã«ã‚ã‚Šã¾ã™ã€‚

| 	<p>
| Since the Debian has an open development model (i.e., everyone can
| participate and follow the development) even the unstable distribution
| is distributed via the Internet on the Debian FTP and HTTP server
| network. Thus, if we had called the directory which contains the
| development version `unstable', then we would have to rename it to
| `stable' when the version is released, which would cause all FTP
| mirrors to re-retrieve the whole distribution (which is already very
| large!).

	<p>
Debian ã¯ã‚ªãƒ¼ãƒ—ンãªé–‹ç™ºãƒ¢ãƒ‡ãƒ«ã‚’å–ã£ã¦ã„ã‚‹ã®ã§ã€
<em>unstable</em> ディストリビューションã§ã•ãˆã‚‚
Debian FTPã€HTTP サーãƒãƒãƒƒãƒˆãƒ¯ãƒ¼ã‚¯ã‹ã‚‰ã‚¤ãƒ³ã‚¿ãƒ¼ãƒãƒƒãƒˆçµŒç”±ã§ 
é…布ã•ã‚Œã¦ã„ã¾ã™ã€‚
ãã®ãŸã‚ã€é–‹ç™ºãƒãƒ¼ã‚¸ãƒ§ãƒ³ã‚’åŽéŒ²ã—ãŸãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ãƒˆãƒªã®åå‰ã‚’
`unstable' ã¨ã—ãŸãªã‚‰ã°ã€ãã®ãƒãƒ¼ã‚¸ãƒ§ãƒ³ã‚’リリースã™ã‚‹éš›ã«ã¯ãã®åå‰ã‚’
`stable' ã«å¤‰æ›´ã—ãªã‘ã‚Œã°ãªã‚Šã¾ã›ã‚“ãŒã€
ã“ã®ã“ã¨ã«ã‚ˆã£ã¦ FTP ミラーã¯ãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ãƒˆãƒªãƒ“ューション全体
(ã™ã§ã«æ¥µã‚ã¦å·¨å¤§ã§ã™!) ã‚’å†å–å¾—ã—ãªã‘ã‚Œã°ãªã‚‰ãªããªã‚Šã¾ã™ã€‚

| 	<p>
| On the other hand, if we called the distribution directories
| <em>Debian-x.y</em> from the beginning, people would think that Debian
| release <em>x.y</em> is available. (This happened in the past, where a
| CD-ROM vendor built a Debian 1.0 CD-ROM based on a pre-1.0 development
| version. That's the reason why the first official Debian release was
| 1.1, and not 1.0.)

	<p>
一方åˆã‚ã‹ã‚‰ãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ãƒˆãƒªãƒ“ューションディレクトリを
<em>Debian-x.y</em> ã¨ã—ãŸãªã‚‰ã°ã€Debian リリース <em>x.y</em> 
ãŒåˆ©ç”¨å¯èƒ½ã ã¨å—ã‘æ­¢ã‚られã¦ã—ã¾ã†ã§ã—ょã†ã€‚
(éŽåŽ»ã«ã‚ã‚‹ CD-ROM ベンダãŒã€pre-1.0 開発ãƒãƒ¼ã‚¸ãƒ§ãƒ³ã‚’ベースã«
Debian 1.0 CD-ROM を作æˆã—ãŸã“ã¨ãŒã‚ã‚Šã¾ã—ãŸã€‚
Debian 最åˆã®å…¬å¼ãƒªãƒªãƒ¼ã‚¹ãŒ 1.0 ã§ã¯ãªã 1.1 ã ã£ãŸã®ã¯ã“ã®ãŸã‚ã§ã—ãŸã€‚)

| 	<p>
| Thus, the names of the distribution directories in the archive are
| determined by their code names and not their release status (i.e.,
| `slink').  These names stay the same during the development period and
| after the release; symbolic links, which can be changed, are made to
| indicate the currently released stable distribution.  That's why the
| real distribution directories use the <em>code names</em> and symbolic
| links for <em>stable</em>, <em>unstable</em>, and <em>frozen</em>
| point to the appropriate release directories.

	<p>
ãã®ãŸã‚ã€ã‚¢ãƒ¼ã‚«ã‚¤ãƒ–中ã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ãƒˆãƒªãƒ“ューションディレクトリã®åå‰ã¯ã€
ãã®ãƒªãƒªãƒ¼ã‚¹çŠ¶æ…‹ã§ã¯ãªã (`slink' ã®ã‚ˆã†ãª) コードåã«ã‚ˆã£ã¦å®šã‚られã¦ã„ã¾ã™ã€‚
ã“れらã®åå‰ã¯ã€é–‹ç™ºæœŸé–“中もリリースã®å¾Œã‚‚åŒã˜ã‚‚ã®ã«ãªã£ã¦ãŠã‚Šã€
変更å¯èƒ½ãªã‚·ãƒ³ãƒœãƒªãƒƒã‚¯ãƒªãƒ³ã‚¯ãŒã€
ç¾è¡Œã®ãƒªãƒªãƒ¼ã‚¹æ¸ˆã¿å®‰å®šãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ãƒˆãƒªãƒ“ューションを指ã—示ã—ã¾ã™ã€‚
ディストリビューションディレクトリã®å®Ÿä½“ã« <em>code names</em> を用ã„ã€
é©åˆ‡ãªãƒªãƒªãƒ¼ã‚¹ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ãƒˆãƒªã‚’指ã™ãŸã‚ã« <em>stable</em>ã€<em>unstable</em>ã€
<em>frozen</em> ã¸ã®ã‚·ãƒ³ãƒœãƒªãƒƒã‚¯ãƒªãƒ³ã‚¯ã‚’用ã„ã‚‹ã®ã¯ã“ã®ãŸã‚ã§ã™ã€‚

-- 
Yoshizumi Endo <y-endo@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>